Effects of management outweigh effects of plant diversity on restored animal communities in tallgrass prairies.

A primary goal of ecological restoration is to increase biodiversity in degraded ecosystems. However, the success of restoration ecology is often assessed by measuring the response of a single functional group or trophic level to restoration, without considering how restoration affects multitrophic interactions that shape biodiversity. An ecosystem-wide approach to restoration is therefore necessary to understand whether animal responses to restoration, such as changes in biodiversity, are facilitated by changes in plant communities (plant-driven effects) or disturbance and succession resulting from restoration activities (management-driven effects).

Mean kids become mean adults: Trajectories of indirect aggression from age 10 to 22.

Although much is known about the development of physical aggression across the lifespan, far less is known about the developmental pattern of indirect aggression from childhood to adulthood. Accordingly, we examined the self-reported use of indirect aggression from age 10 to 22 in a randomly drawn sample of 704 Canadians. A person-centered approach was used to capture intraindividual change and heterogeneity in development.

The thermal acclimation potential of maximum heart rate and cardiac heat tolerance in Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus), a northern cold-water specialist.

Increasing heart rate (ƒ) is a central, if not primary mechanism used by fishes to support their elevated tissue oxygen consumption during acute warming. Thermal acclimation can adjust this acute response to improve cardiac performance and heat tolerance under the prevailing temperatures. We predict that such acclimation will be particularly important in regions undergoing rapid environmental change such as the Arctic.

Distant metastatic foci of infection in adult patients with diabetic foot - not as rare as we think?: case series and review of the literature.

Background: Diabetic foot is one of the common complications of diabetes mellitus. We report clinical and microbiological characteristics and outcomes of cases with distant metastatic foci of infection arising from diabetic foot.

Methods: Retrospective review of adult patients with diabetic foot infection or diabetic foot ulcer who demonstrated distant metastatic foci of infection between August 2017 and December 2019.

Comparison of transarterial bland and chemoembolization for neuroendocrine tumours: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Treatment of hepatic metastases from neuroendocrine tumours improves survival and symptom relief. Hepatic arterial embolotherapy techniques include transarterial chemoembolization (tace) and bland embolization (tae). The relative efficacy of the techniques is controversial.

Valid oxygen uptake measurements: using high r values with good intentions can bias upward the determination of standard metabolic rate.

This analysis shows good intentions in the selection of valid and precise oxygen uptake ( O ) measurements by retaining only slopes of declining dissolved oxygen level in a respirometer that have very high values of the coefficient of determination, r , are not always successful at excluding nonlinear slopes. Much worse, by potentially removing linear slopes that have low r only because of a low signal-to-noise ratio, this procedure can overestimate the calculation of standard metabolic rate (SMR) of the fish. To remedy this possibility, a few simple diagnostic tools are demonstrated to assess the appropriateness of a given minimum acceptable r , such as calculating the proportion of rejected O determinations, producing a histogram of the r values and a plot of r as a function of O .

Deep whole-genome sequencing of multiple proband tissues and parental blood reveals the complex genetic etiology of congenital diaphragmatic hernias.

The diaphragm is critical for respiration and separation of the thoracic and abdominal cavities, and defects in diaphragm development are the cause of congenital diaphragmatic hernias (CDH), a common and often lethal birth defect. The genetic etiology of CDH is complex. Single-nucleotide variants (SNVs), insertions/deletions (indels), and structural variants (SVs) in more than 150 genes have been associated with CDH, although few genes are recurrently mutated in multiple individuals and mutated genes are incompletely penetrant.

How the concavity of reproduction/survival trade-offs impacts the evolution of life history strategies.

Previous works using different mathematical techniques, however, show that the concavity of the trade-off relationship can alter the expected life history strategies. Thus we developed a model and found that the concavity of the reproduction-survival curve can still have a large impact on life history strategies in an ecological model with Darwinian evolution.

Bullying Perpetration and Narcissistic Personality Traits across Adolescence: Joint Trajectories and Childhood Risk Factors.

Although there is some evidence on the longitudinal associations between bullying perpetration and narcissistic personality traits, their joint developmental trajectories across early to late adolescence are largely unknown. Accordingly, we examined the co-development of bullying perpetration and narcissistic personality traits across adolescence and examined the childhood predictors of these joint trajectories. Self-reports of bullying and narcissistic personality traits were assessed across 6 years of adolescence from Grade 7 (i.

Intraspecific variation in tolerance of warming in fishes.

Intraspecific variation in key traits such as tolerance of warming can have profound effects on ecological and evolutionary processes, notably responses to climate change. The empirical evidence for three primary elements of intraspecific variation in tolerance of warming in fishes is reviewed. The first is purely mechanistic that tolerance varies across life stages and as fishes become mature.

Differential effects of bicarbonate on severe hypoxia- and hypercapnia-induced cardiac malfunctions in diverse fish species.

We tested in six fish species [Pacific lamprey (Lampetra richardsoni), Pacific spiny dogfish (Squalus suckleyi), Asian swamp eel (Monopterus albus), white sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus), zebrafish (Danio rerio), and starry flounder (Platichthys stellatus)] the hypothesis that elevated extracellular [HCO] protects spontaneous heart rate and cardiac force development from the known impairments that severe hypoxia and hypercapnic acidosis can induce. Hearts were exposed in vitro to either severe hypoxia (~ 3% of air saturation), or severe hypercapnic acidosis (either 7.5% CO or 15% CO), which reduced heart rate (in six test species) and net force development (in three test species).

Exercise rehabilitation in cardiac resynchronization: systematic review and a meta-analysis.

The benefit of exercise training in cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) recipients is not well established. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the effect of exercise training on clinical outcomes in CRT recipients.A comprehensive search until 2019 was conducted of MEDLINE, Epub, Embase, CINAHL and Cochrane databases as well as a bibliographic hand search to identify additional studies.

Adolescent empathic concern and perspective taking: Heterogeneous developmental trajectories and childhood social and psychological factors.

Objective: The joint developmental trajectories of empathic concern and perspective taking were examined across adolescence, along with childhood social and psychological predictors.

Method: Adolescents completed self-report measures of empathy annually from Grades 7 to 10 (i.e.

Community-Based System Dynamics for Mobilizing Communities to Advance School Health.

Background: Frameworks such as the WSCC model provide evidence-based guidance for addressing school health at the school, district, and regional level. However, frameworks do not implement themselves; they require the mobilization and collaboration of stakeholders within communities and an understanding of the unique resources and barriers within each context. Furthermore, addressing school health presents a complex systems problem.

Direct Oral Anticoagulant Use in Chronic Kidney Disease and Dialysis Patients With Venous Thromboembolism: A Systematic Review of Thrombosis and Bleeding Outcomes.

Objective: To evaluate how treatment with DOACs for VTE affects thrombosis and bleeding outcomes compared to warfarin in CKD and dialysis patients.

Data Sources: A literature search was conducted for studies evaluating VTE and bleeding outcomes with DOAC use in CKD and dialysis patients. Searches conducted through EMBASE, MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, from inception to September 22, 2020.

Differential Longitudinal Outcomes of In-Person and Cyber Victimization in Early Adolescence.

Objective: Few studies have tested a commonly held assumption that cyber victimization is more harmful than in-person victimization. This study examined differential longitudinal relations between in-person and cyber victimization and outcomes, including problem behaviors and distress symptoms. Possible moderation by gender and grade was also explored.

Environmental and Aerosolized Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Among Hospitalized Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients.

During April and May 2020, we studied 20 patients hospitalized with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), their hospital rooms (fomites and aerosols), and their close contacts for molecular and culture evidence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Among >400 samples, we found molecular evidence of virus in most sample types, especially the nasopharyngeal (NP), saliva, and fecal samples, but the prevalence of molecular positivity among fomites and aerosols was low. The agreement between NP swab and saliva positivity was high (89.

FDA approval summary: Dalteparin for the treatment of symptomatic venous thromboembolism in pediatric patients.

On May 16, 2019, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved dalteparin sodium for the treatment of symptomatic venous thromboembolism (VTE) to reduce the risk of recurrence in pediatric patients 1 month of age and older.

Exposure to Multiple Forms of Bias Victimization on Youth and Young Adults: Relationships with Trauma Symptomatology and Social Support.

Research has documented that a significant portion of youth are exposed to bias victimization. However, less is known about whether experiencing certain types of bias victimization (e.g.

Determinants of accessibility to primary sexual reproductive health care among vulnerable women in Canada: a scoping review protocol.

Objective: The objective of the review is to describe, synthesize and document the determinants that impact a vulnerable woman's access to primary sexual reproductive health care in Canada.

Introduction: Canada is committed to advancing sexual reproductive health care initiatives. Although both men and women require sexual reproductive health care, the implications for women are far more significant.

Low-Frequency (Gigahertz to Terahertz) Depolarized Raman Scattering Off -Alkanes, Cycloalkanes, and Six-Membered Rings: A Physical Interpretation.

Molecular liquids have long been known to undergo various distinct intermolecular motions, from fast librations and cage-rattling oscillations to slow orientational and translational diffusion. However, their resultant gigahertz to terahertz spectra are far from simple, appearing as broad shapeless bands that span many orders of magnitude of frequency, making meaningful interpretation troublesome. spectral line shape fitting has become a notoriously fine art in the field; a unified approach to handling such spectra is long overdue.