In the PDA-TOLERATE trial, persistent (even for several weeks) moderate to large patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) was not associated with an increased risk of BPD when the infant required <10 days of intubation. However, in infants requiring intubation for ≥10 days, prolonged PDA exposure (≥11 days) was associated with an increased risk of moderate/severe BPD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComput Methods Programs Biomed
December 2020
Background And Objective: The self-repair capability of articular cartilage is limited because of non-vascularization and low turnover of its extracellular matrix. Regenerating hyaline cartilage remains a significant clinical challenge as most non-surgical and surgical treatments provide only mid-term relief. Eventually, further pain and mobility loss occur for many patients in the long run due to further joint deterioration.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis article has been withdrawn at the request of the editor. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThere has always been a keen interest of basic and clinical researchers to search for cancer therapeutics having minimum off-target effects and maximum anticancer activities. In accordance with this approach, there has been an explosion in the field of natural products research in the past few decades because of extra-ordinary list of natural extracts and their biologically and pharmacologically active constituents having significant medicinal properties. Apparently, luteolin-mediated anticancer effects have been investigated in different cancers but there is superfluousness of superficial data.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Gender is a complex social determinant of health affected by both social and biological factors. There is a need to investigate the effect of gender on outcomes, in the absence of confounding characteristics, to mitigate disparities in care.
Methods: A total of 1970 consecutive patients at a university health system undergoing nonmeningioma supratentorial brain tumor resection over a 6-year period (June 9, 2013-April 26, 2019) were analyzed retrospectively.
There has been a paradigm shift in our understanding about the multifaceted nature of cancer, and a wealth of information has revealed that single-target drugs are not good enough to provide satisfactory clinical outcomes and therapeutic effects for complex diseases which involve multiple factors. Therefore, there has been a reignition to search for natural products having premium pharmacological activities aim to efficiently target multiple deregulated cellular signaling pathways. Andrographolide, a diterpene lactone from was brought into to the limelight because of its ability to inhibit cancer cell proliferation and induce apoptosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSome lichens provide the resources of common traditional medicines and show anticancer effects. However, the anticancer effect of () is rarely investigated, especially for oral cancer cells. The aim of this study was to investigate the cell killing function of methanol extracts of (MEUB) against oral cancer cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe central dogma of molecular biology, has remained a cornerstone of classical molecular biology. However, serendipitously discovered microRNAs (miRNAs) in nematodes paradigmatically shifted our current knowledge of the intricate mechanisms during transitions from transcription to translation. The discovery of miRNA captured considerable attention and appreciation, and we had witnessed an explosion in the field of non-coding RNAs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFData obtained from cutting-edge research have shown that deregulated epigenetic marks are critical hallmarks of cancer. Rapidly emerging scientific evidence has helped in developing a proper understanding of the mechanisms leading to control of cellular functions, from changes in chromatin accessibility, transcription and translation, and in post-translational modifications. Firstly, mechanisms of DNA methylation and demethylation are introduced, as well as modifications of DNA and RNA, with particular focus on N6-methyladenosine (m6A), discussing the effects of these modifications in normal cells and in malignancies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis study aimed to investigate cognitive and behavioral outcomes in relation to gestational age (GA) in school-aged children born preterm (PT). Results from the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, 4th edition (WISC-IV), and the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) were analyzed in 51 children (mean age: 7.8 years [range: 7.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: This study assesses the impact of Median Household Income (MHI) on short- and long-term morbidity and mortality following supratentorial meningioma resection.
Patients And Methods: 351 consecutive patients undergoing supratentorial meningioma tumor resection, at a single health system over a six-year period (June 09, 2013 to April 26, 2019) were analyzed retrospectively. Outcomes assessed included readmission, emergency department (ED) evaluation, and mortality within 90 days of surgery.
Treatment options for effective treatment of cancer with minimum off-target effects and maximum clinical outcomes have remained overarching goals in the clinical oncology. Vitamin C has remained in the shadows of controversy since the past few decades; burgeoning evidence has started to shed light on wide-ranging anticancer effects exerted by Vitamin C to induce apoptosis in drug-resistant cancer cells, inhibit uncontrolled proliferation of the cancer cells and metastatic spread. Landmark achievements in molecular oncology have ushered in a new era, and researchers have focused on the identification of oncogenic pathways regulated by Vitamin C in different cancers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground And Aim: Given the ongoing problems of hypertension and endothelial dysfunction in the HIV population, the primary objective of the study was to assess the cardiovascular, endothelial function, and immune markers in response to rice bran arabinoxylan compound (RBAC) treatment in a sample of HIV adults on antiretroviral therapy (ART).
Study Design: A randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trial of 6 months was used to execute the study.
Materials And Methods: Forty-seven subjects were enrolled and randomly assigned to one of two study conditions (=22 RBAC and =25 placebo) for 6 months with assessments at baseline and 3 and 6 months.
Purpose Of Review: The management of metastatic disease is evolving. As systemic therapies continue to improve, there is increasing recognition that local therapy to distant sites of disease impacts outcomes among many histologies, including sarcoma. Various local therapy strategies exist, but radiation therapy (RT) is particularly critical as it provides a non-invasive, yet locally ablative strategy for metastatic management.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe potential of natural products in cancer prevention and treatment has received worldwide interest in recent years from the nutraceutical and pharmaceutical industry point of view. Medicinal plants have been traditionally used as they exhibit a wide range of therapeutic effects due to their phytoconstituents which play an active role against oxidative stress-associated diseases such as cancer. They may block or suppress multistage carcinogenesis mainly through mechanistic regulation of the myriad of deregulated cellular pathways.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThyrotoxicosis-induced cardiomyopathy and cardiogenic shock (CS) can lead to sudden mortality in adults. Hemodynamic instability and collapse occur due to functional alterations in both peripheral circulation and myocardium. Thyroid storm (TS) increases preload and decreases afterload along with an increase in cardiac contractility and heart rate leading to high output acute failure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGenetic, genomic and proteomic studies have refined our concepts related to underlying mechanisms of pancreatic cancer. Increasingly sophisticated knowledge has started to shed light on the fact that pancreatic cancer harbored multiple epigenetic and genetic alterations and revealed complicated and dense tumor microenvironments. Our rapidly evolving knowledge about pancreatic cancer has helped us in identification of myriad of underlying mechanisms which play instrumental role in disease onset, drug resistance and epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCrit Rev Food Sci Nutr
April 2021
Irrespective of sex and age, cancer is the leading cause of mortality around the globe. Therapeutic incompliance, unwanted effects, and economic burdens imparted by cancer treatments, are primary health challenges. The heritable features in gene expression that are propagated through cell division and contribute to cellular identity without a change in DNA sequence are considered epigenetic characteristics and agents that could interfere with these features and are regarded as potential therapeutic targets.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSickle cell disease (SCD) patients are thought to be at higher risk for urinary tract infections (UTIs) compared to the general population secondary to increased sickling, abnormal urinary acidification, and an inability to concentrate the urine. The incidence of UTI in febrile children with SCD in the United States is unknown. Our objectives were to determine the rate of UTI among febrile SCD children and describe the risk factors for UTI in this population.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Postural instability is a disease milestone signaling advanced disease.
Objectives: To estimate the onset of postural instability in monogenic parkinsonisms.
Methods: We systematically reviewed studies (PubMed 1996-2017) in SNCA, PRKN, PINK1, DJ-1, LRRK2, ATP13A2, FBXO7, VPS35, DNAJC6, or SYNJ1-related monogenic parkinsonisms, with documented postural instability.
Background: Fasting in the holy month of Ramadan is among the five pillars of Islam and is considered as a religious obligation by the Muslim population. People with diabetes observing the practice of fasts are at a higher risk of complications such as hypoglycaemia, hyperglycaemia and ketoacidosis due to changes in eating patterns and circadian rhythms. With the objective of mitigating these complications, the South Asian Health Foundation (UK) has developed the present guidelines based on robust evidence derived from epidemiological studies and clinical trials.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: Comprehensive local consolidative therapy led to improved overall survival in oligometastatic non-small cell lung cancer in a recent phase II trial, yet the role of pulmonary resection in ongoing oligometastatic trials is a matter of controversy. We sought to examine outcomes after pulmonary resection with radiotherapy used as a benchmark comparator.
Methods: Patients treated at a single institution (2000-2017) with cT1-3N0-2M1 non-small cell lung cancer, 3 or less synchronous metastases, and performance status 0 to 1, and who received comprehensive local consolidative therapy were analyzed according to local consolidative therapy modality for the primary lesion.