Cognitive and affective theory of mind in young and elderly patients with multiple sclerosis.

Theory of mind (ToM) deficits have been reported in persons with multiple sclerosis (pwMS). However, most studies have used pictures or written scenarios as stimuli without distinguishing between cognitive and affective ToM, and no studies have investigated older pwMS. We recruited 13 young healthy controls (HC), 14 young pwMS, 14 elderly HC and 15 elderly pwMS.

Mature rectovesical fistula after salvage cryotherapy; A rare complication following treatment for locally advanced prostate cancer.

A rectovesical fistula is an abnormal connection between the bladder and rectum. A rectovesical fistula is a theoretical, but rarely documented phenomenon following locally advanced prostate cancer treatment (radiation therapy, cryotherapy, etc.).

Functional Outcomes of Knee Arthrodesis for Infected Total Knee Arthroplasty.

Introduction: As the occurrence of total knee arthroplasties (TKAs) is forecasted to continue rising, so too will the frequency of prosthetic joint infections (PJIs) and revision TKAs. Multiple revisions can result in an unreconstructible knee. In such instances, the knee may be salvaged through arthrodesis.

Proposal to decrease incidence, morbidity, and associated healthcare costs regarding difficult and traumatic urethral catheterization - a protocol for DMC hospitals: A pilot study.

Introduction: Difficult and traumatic urethral catheterization is a common reason for urologic consult. Catheter insertion and management is common for patients who are managed in the hospital setting.

Materials And Methods: A four-question survey was distributed across three hospitals at a single-institution.

Genital infection from Monkeypox virus requiring surgical debridement and scrotoplasty in an immunocompromised patient.

Background: Mpox is a zoonotic viral disease transmitted by close contact with infected individuals, contacting or eating infected animals, and now, sexual contact. The main treatment option for infected individuals is supportive care as no FDA-approved treatment exists.

Case Presentation: A 33-year-old male with HIV who contracted Mpox who developed a large painful genital ulcer with overlying eschar.

Myocardial protection using single dose del Nido Cardioplegia with and without topical cooling.

Introduction: Del Nido cardioplegia (DN) is gaining acceptance in adult cardiac surgery but there is paucity of experimental data regarding its efficacy. We set out to assess the safety and efficacy of single-dose DN with and without topical cooling (TC) versus multi-dose blood cardioplegia (BC).

Methods: Thirty-two healthy adult sheep had pressure-volume (PV) catheters placed in the left (LV) and right (RV) ventricle.

Mindful Parenting Group Intervention for Parents of Children with Anxiety Disorders.

Parenting behaviour and rearing style contribute to the intergenerational relationship between parental and child anxiety. Current psychological interventions for child anxiety typically do not adequately address parental mental health, parenting behaviours or the parent-child relationship. The current pilot study examines the effectiveness of a mindful parenting intervention (MPI) for parents of young children with clinical anxiety.

3D printing of hollow geometries using blocking liquid substitution stereolithography.

Micrometer scale arbitrary hollow geometries within a solid are needed for a variety of applications including microfluidics, thermal management and metamaterials. A major challenge to 3D printing hollow geometries using stereolithography is the ability to retain empty spaces in between the solidified regions. In order to prevent unwanted polymerization of the trapped resin in the hollow spaces-known as print-through-significant constraints are generally imposed on the primary process parameters such as resin formulation, exposure conditions and layer thickness.

Australian general practitioners’ perceptions of the barriers and opportunities for community-based care of patients with viral hepatitis: a mixed methods study.

Introduction Engagement of general practitioners (GPs) is essential to improving rates of diagnosis and treatment of viral hepatitis, as traditional tertiary hospital-based models of care often face challenges. Aim We investigated Australian general practitioners' perceptions of a community-based model of care for patients with viral hepatitis. Methods We conducted a mixed methods study using survey questionnaires (23 GPs) and an open-ended interview guide (10 GPs) at primary care clinics in Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.

Use of mechanical insufflation exsufflation and manual techniques in an intubated adult with COVID-19 positioned in prone-A case study.

Background And Purpose: The therapeutic benefits of prone positioning have been described over the last 50 years culminating in a systematic review supporting this management strategy for patients with severe hypoxaemic respiratory failure. Early work detailing treatment approaches for COVID-19 have advocated the use of prone positioning. Limited data exists regarding physiotherapy intervention in patients with COVID-19 owing to the recent emergence of this novel disease.

Ripple effects: integrating international medical graduates from refugee backgrounds into the health system in Australia.

The field of 'refugee health' is generally understood in terms of the efforts of health professionals from a host country to provide care for humanitarian entrants. This paper attempts to undermine that idea, focusing instead on the service that health workers from refugee background communities are able to render, both to their own communities and to broader society, when barriers to their participation are made more equitable. The point of departure for this Practice paper is the 2019 pilot 'Observership Program' that was initiated by Mater Refugee Health in Brisbane, Australia.

Persistent Influence of Wildfire Emissions in the Western United States and Characteristics of Aged Biomass Burning Organic Aerosols under Clean Air Conditions.

Wildfire-influenced air masses under regional background conditions were characterized at the Mt. Bachelor Observatory (∼2800 m a.s.

Performance on the CVLT-2 during induced pain.

Chronic pain patients frequently report cognitive problems including learning and memory. However, recent research involving induced pain has demonstrated an absence of reliably detectable decrements on several standard cognitive measures, suggesting that factors other than pain likely explain perceived cognitive deficits in chronic pain patients. This study examined potential effects of induced pain on verbal learning and memory as measured by the California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT-2).

Reconceptualising specialisation: integrating refugee health in primary care.

People from a refugee background have significant unmet health needs including complex physical and psycho-social presentations. They can experience low trust, unfamiliarity with the health system and reliance on family and friends to access care. To address these needs, Australia has specialised refugee health services in each state and territory.

Behavioral activation for PTSD: A meta-analysis.

Objective: The efficacy of behavioral activation (BA) for depression has been firmly established, and training therapists in BA may be less time-intensive than for standard interventions. Because BA addresses problematic avoidance behaviors, BA holds promise as a treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). We conducted a meta-analysis of both randomized controlled trials and uncontrolled studies involving the use of BA for the treatment of PTSD.

A Cross-Training Program Does Not Alter Self-Reported Physical Activity Levels in Elementary School Children.

The purpose of the study was to examine the effects of a school-based cross-training program on body mass index (BMI), attitudes toward physical activity (ATPA), and physical activity (PA) levels of children in the 4 and 5 grades. Children ( = 118) were divided into control ( = 60) and experimental ( = 58) groups based on class availability. While the control group continued academic classes as usual, the experimental group participated in cross-training involving resistance training (RT), calisthenics, and stretching twice a week for 10 weeks.

Book lung development in juveniles and adults of the cobweb spider, Parasteatoda tepidariorum C. L. Koch, 1841 (Araneomorphae, Theridiidae).

Light and transmission electron microscopy were used to study the development of new book lung lamellae in juvenile and adult spiders (Parasteatoda tepidariorum). As hypothesized earlier in a study of embryos, mesenchyme cells dispersed throughout the opisthosoma (EMT) are a likely source of precursor epithelial cells (MET) for the new lamellae. The precursor cells in juveniles and adults continue many of the complex activities observed in embryos, e.

Improving the effectiveness of interpreted consultations: Australian interpreter, general practitioner and patient perspectives.

Healthcare consultations with patients lacking English proficiency are challenging for all parties, even in Australian primary care where the engagement of interpreters is encouraged and fully subsidised. Our objective was to understand these challenges from the perspectives of interpreters, patients and general practitioners in order to improve the effectiveness of interpreted consultations. Our investigator team approached the interpreted consultation as an interprofessional collaboration.

Delayed antibiotic prescriptions for respiratory infections.

Background: Concerns exist regarding antibiotic prescribing for respiratory tract infections (RTIs) owing to adverse reactions, cost, and antibacterial resistance. One proposed strategy to reduce antibiotic prescribing is to provide prescriptions, but to advise delay in antibiotic use with the expectation that symptoms will resolve first. This is an update of a Cochrane Review originally published in 2007, and updated in 2010 and 2013.

A feasibility study to improve practice nurses' competence and confidence in providing care for mothers and infants.

Background: Postnatal care is best provided in primary health care settings, yet Practice Nurses (PNs) lack relevant training and report difficulty in providing postnatal care.

Aim: To evaluate the feasibility of a pilot educational intervention in improving PN competence and confidence to care for mothers and infants in the first postnatal year.

Design: A feasibility study.

Book lung development in embryos of the cobweb spider, Parasteatoda tepidariorum C. L. Koch, 1841 (Araneomorphae, Theridiidae).

Light and transmission electron microscopy were used to study the development of book lungs in embryos of the spider Parasteatoda tepidariorum. There is a bilateral cluster of temporary lamellae that form just posterior to the second opisthosomal (O2) limb buds. These lamellae are replaced by advanced embryo (AE) book lungs that continue into postembryonic stages.