Recent Advances in Regenerative Endodontics: A Review of Current Techniques and Future Directions.

Regenerative endodontics is a rapidly evolving discipline focused on biologically restoring the pulp-dentin complex to revive vitality in non-vital teeth. Unlike traditional endodontic therapies that rely on inert materials to preserve structure, regenerative techniques aim to re-establish natural structure and function by harnessing advancements in tissue engineering. This narrative review examines recent progress in stem cell applications, scaffold development, signaling molecules, and clinical protocols that contribute to successful regenerative outcomes.

Joint Diagnosis of Pneumonia, COVID-19, and Tuberculosis from Chest X-ray Images: A Deep Learning Approach.

Pneumonia, COVID-19, and tuberculosis are some of the most fatal and common lung diseases in the current era. Several approaches have been proposed in the literature for the diagnosis of individual diseases, since each requires a different feature set altogether, but few studies have been proposed for a joint diagnosis. A patient being diagnosed with one disease as negative may be suffering from the other disease, and vice versa.

Endotracheal tube cuff position in relation to the cricoid in children: A retrospective computed tomography-based analysis.

Background: The use of cuffed endotracheal tubes (ETT) has become the standard of care in pediatric practice. The rationale for the use of a cuffed ETT is to minimize pressure around the cricoid while providing an effective airway seal. However, safe care requires that the cuff lie distal to the cricoid ring following endotracheal intubation.

Anesthetic care for patients with anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis.

Introduction: Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor encephalitis, an autoimmune disorder resulting from antibodies directed against the NMDA (glutamate) receptor, is the second most frequent cause of immune-mediated encephalitis. To date, the information related to the anesthetic care of children with this disorder is limited to anecdotal reports.

Methods: We reviewed the anesthetic care of six patients with anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis who underwent 21 procedures at our institution from 2014 through 2019.

Perioperative Administration of Emend (Aprepitant) at a Tertiary Care Children's Hospital: A 12-Month Survey.

Introduction: Aprepitant (Emend) is a novel antiemetic agent that works through antagonism of neurokinin-1 (NK-1) receptors. To date, there are limited data regarding its use to prevent postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in children. We retrospectively reviewed our initial 12-months experience with aprepitant after it was made available for perioperative use.

Transversus abdominus blocks instead of general anesthesia in a child.

The transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block is a peripheral nerve block that was originally described in 2001. Considering the sensory distribution of the TAP block, which does not provide visceral anesthesia, it has been used primarily for postoperative analgesia. We present the use of a TAP block as the sole anesthetic for placement of a cutaneous vesicostomy in a 4-year-old child with multiple comorbid conditions.

The pediatric airway: Historical concepts, new findings, and what matters.

New observations from novel imaging techniques regarding the anatomy, dimensions, and shape of the pediatric airway have emerged and provide insight for potential changes in the clinical management of the airway in infants and children. These new findings are challenging the historical concepts of a funnel-shaped upper airway with the cricoid ring as the narrowest dimension. Although these tenets have been accepted and used to guide clinical practice in airway management, there are limited clinical investigations in children to support the validity of these concepts.

Tracheobronchial angles in children: Three-dimensional computed tomography-based measurements.

Background: Studies have shown significant variation in the tracheobronchial angles in pediatric-aged patients. The current study revisits tracheobronchial angle measurements in children using accurate computed tomography-based 3-dimensional images to add clarity to the understanding of tracheobronchial angles. The primary objective of the current study was to measure the right and left bronchial angle take off from the trachea using 3-dimensional computed tomography-based images of the air column in the tracheobronchial tree.

Dura to spinal cord distance at different vertebral levels in children and its implications on epidural analgesia: A retrospective MRI-based study.

Background: The distance from the dura to spinal cord is not uniform at different vertebral levels. The dura to spinal cord distance may be a critical factor in avoiding the potential for neurological injury caused by needle trauma after a dural puncture. Typically, the greater the dura to spinal cord distance, the larger the potential safety margin.

Upper airway in infants-a computed tomography-based analysis.

Background: Recent studies suggest that the pediatric airway is elliptical with the subglottis rather than the cricoid as the narrowest part contrary to the old belief of a funnel-shaped airway. The shape of the airway in neonates and infants has not been studied separately. This study seeks to define the shape of the upper airway in neonates and infants, and determine if there are differences in airway shape between infants and older children.

Community pharmacist and primary care physician collaboration: The missing connection in pharmaceutical care.

Pharmaceutical care (PC) involves the active participation of the pharmacist in the improvement of the quality of life of the patient through the dispensation, counselling, and monitoring of drug therapy. Community pharmacists often encounter patients first, and, for some patients, the pharmacist is their only contact with a healthcare professional. It is easier and quicker for patients to contact a community pharmacist.