Long-Term Oncologic Outcomes in Robot-Assisted and Video-Assisted Lobectomies for Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

This study compares long-term outcomes in patients undergoing video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) and robotic-assisted thoracic surgery (RATS) lobectomy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC); all consecutive patients who underwent RATS or VATS lobectomy for NSCLC between July 2015 and December 2021 in our center were enrolled in a single-center prospective study. The primary outcomes were overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), and recurrence rate. The secondary outcomes were complication rate, length of hospitalization (LOS), duration of chest tubes (LOD), and number of lymph node stations harvested.

Association of viral load with TRAIL, IP-10, CRP biomarker signature and disease severity in children with respiratory tract infection or fever without source: A prospective, multicentre cohort study.

Background: To investigate the association of viral load (VL) with (i) tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), interferon gamma-induced protein-10, C-reactive protein, and a combinatorial score (BV score), and (ii) clinical severity.

Study Design: In this prospective, multicentre cohort substudy, children with respiratory tract infection or fever without source were enrolled. VL for influenza virus, rhinovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, and adenovirus was measured from nasopharyngeal swabs.

A host signature based on TRAIL, IP-10, and CRP for reducing antibiotic overuse in children by differentiating bacterial from viral infections: a prospective, multicentre cohort study.

Objectives: Identifying infection aetiology is essential for appropriate antibiotic use. Previous studies have shown that a host-protein signature consisting of TNF-related apoptosis-induced ligand (TRAIL), interferon-γ-induced protein-10 (IP-10), and C-reactive protein (CRP) can accurately differentiate bacterial from viral infections.

Methods: This prospective, multicentre cohort study, entitled AutoPilot-Dx, aimed to validate signature performance and to estimate its potential impact on antibiotic use across a broad paediatric population (>90 days to 18 years) with respiratory tract infections, or fever without source, at emergency departments and wards in Italy and Germany.

Eosinophilic esophagitis in children: doubts and future perspectives.

Background: Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic immune-mediated inflammatory disorder and represents the leading cause of food impaction. The pathogenesis of EoE is the result of an interplay between genetic, environmental and host immune system factors. New therapeutic approaches for EoE have been proposed.

First detection of a reassortant G3P[8] rotavirus A strain in Italy: a case report in an 8-year-old child.

Background: Acute gastroenteritis (AGE) due to group A rotavirus (RVA) agent is one of the major causes of hospitalization in paediatric age. The G3P[8] RVA genotype has been usually considered as one of the major human genotypes, largely circulating in Asia, but showing low detection rates in the European countries. In recent years, the G3P[8] RVAs emerged also in Europe as a predominant genotype and the viral strains detected revealed high similarities with equine-like G3P[8] RVA strains, resulting in a new variant circulating in humans and able to cause AGE in the paediatric population.

Approach to Neonates and Young Infants with Fever without a Source Who Are at Risk for Severe Bacterial Infection.

Introduction: Among neonates and infants <3 months of age with fever without a source (FWS), 5% to 15% of cases are patients with fever caused by a serious bacterial infection (SBI). To favour the differentiation between low- and high-risk infants, several algorithms based on analytical and clinical parameters have been developed. The aim of this review is to describe the management of young infants with FWS and to discuss the impact of recent knowledge regarding FWS management on clinical practice.

Is It Time to Use Probiotics to Prevent or Treat Obesity?

In recent years, attention has been given to the role potentially played by gut microbiota in the development of obesity. Several studies have shown that in individuals with obesity, the gut microbiota composition can be significantly different from that of lean individuals, that faecal bacteria can exert a fundamental role in modulating energy metabolism, and that modifications of gut microbiota composition can be associated with increases or reductions of body weight and body mass index. Based on this evidence, manipulation of the gut microbiota with probiotics has been considered a possible method to prevent and treat obesity.

Gut dysbiosis and paediatric Crohn's disease.

Objectives: The main objective of this manuscript is to discuss our present knowledge of the relationships between dysbiosis and paediatric Crohn's disease (CD). The therapeutic role of the methods currently used to re-establish normal gut microbiota composition is also analysed.

Methods: PubMed was used to search for all of the studies published from January 2008 to June 2018 using the key words: "Crohn's disease" and "gut dysbiosis" or "microbiota" or "microbioma" or "probiotic" and "children" or "paediatric".

The Management of Paediatric Functional Abdominal Pain Disorders: Latest Evidence.

Recurrent abdominal pain (RAP) is one of the most common health complaints in both children and adults. Although RAP is considered a functional disorder rather than an organic disease, affected children and their families can still experience anxiety and concerns that can interfere with school, sports, and regular daily activities and lead to frequent attendances at pediatric emergency departments or pediatric gastroenterology clinics. Our review shows experts do not agree on a universally proven management that will work on every child presenting with functional abdominal pain (FAP).

Low socioeconomic condition and the risk of dengue fever: A direct relationship.

This study aimed to characterize the first dengue fever epidemic in Várzea Paulista, São Paulo, Brazil, and its spatial and spatio-temporal distribution in order to assess the association of socioeconomic factors with dengue occurrence. We used autochthonous dengue cases confirmed in a 2007 epidemic, the first reported in the city, available in the Information System on Diseases of Compulsory Declaration database. These cases where geocoded by address.

Gut dysbiosis and irritable bowel syndrome: The potential role of probiotics.

Objective: To discuss the role of gut dysbiosis in the development of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and the impact of probiotics as a potential therapeutic measure.

Methods: PubMed was used to search for all of the studies published over the last 15 years using the key words: "irritable bowel syndrome" and "gut dysbiosis" or "probiotic". More than 800 articles were found, but only those published in English or providing evidence-based data were included in the evaluation.

Celiac Disease Presenting with Peripheral Neuropathy in Children: A Case Report.

Clinically relevant neurological manifestations in children with celiac disease (CD) are unusual, especially when they are considered as signs of the onset of the disease. In this paper, a case of Guillain-Barrè syndrome (GBS) as the first manifestation of CD in a 23-month-old child is reported. We describe a case of CD onset with peripheral neuropathy in a 23-month-old Bulgarian boy presenting with a sudden refusal to walk and absence of deep tendon reflexes in both lower limbs.

Valproic acid and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A possible association?

Valproic acid (VPA) is one of the most prescribed drugs in children with newly diagnosed epilepsy. Weight gain and obesity have been observed as side effects of VPA. These are often linked with other metabolic disturbances such as development of insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, metabolic syndrome (MetS) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease or nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

Hypnosis for the control of pain associated with external cephalic version: a comparative study.

Objective: To assess the effectiveness of hypnosis to reduce pain and facilitate external cephalic version (ECV).

Design: Cohort study.

Setting: Geneva University Hospitals, Switzerland.

Allopregnanolone levels decrease after gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog stimulation test in girls with central precocious puberty.

Background: Allopregnanolone, a neuroactive steroid mainly secreted by adrenals and gonads, is a hormone that seems to play a role in precocious puberty, as demonstrated by its high baseline levels found in girls with central precocious puberty (CPP). Allopregnanolone concentrations significantly increase after GnRH and ACTH stimulation test suggesting both its ovarian and adrenal production.

Aim: Aim of this study was to evaluate allopregnanolone concentrations after GnRH and GnRH agonist analog stimulation test in girls with CPP to better establish its secretion source.

Growth hormone treatment in prepubertal children with celiac disease and growth hormone deficiency.

Objective: To evaluate the growth response to growth hormone (GH) replacement therapy during a gluten-free diet in patients with celiac disease (CD) associated with GH deficiency (GHD).

Patients And Methods: A total of 14 prepubertal children affected by CD and GHD with no catch-up growth after >/=12 months of gluten-free diet and a reversion to seronegativity for antiendomysium antibodies and 10 age-matched prepubertal children with idiopathic GHD (IGHD) entered the study. All of the patients were treated with the same GH dosage (0.

Neonatal identification of pituitary aplasia: a life-saving diagnosis. Review of five cases.

Background: Neonatal onset hypopituitarism is a life-threatening, potentially treatable endocrine disease. A possible cause is congenital absence of the anterior pituitary gland, a condition very rarely reported in the literature.

Methods: A series of 5 cases of children with pituitary aplasia referred to the Centre of Paediatric Endocrinology 'Rina Balducci', Tor Vergata University, Rome, is presented.

The Type - A behavior pattern applied to problems in the rehabilitation of MI - patients below age 40: associations with personality dimensions and psychophysiological parameters essential to CHD.

In a sample of 60 MI-patients below age 40 there were mainly found correlations between the component "hostility" and personality dimensions indicating job stress and problems in the patients adjustment to their new situation as chronically ill persons. Whereas self- and expert ratings do not differentiate between Type A1 and B subjects psychophysiological testing reveals a groups difference between both groups in Ps. Therefore it can be assumed, that in daily life Type A MI-patients are prone to respond with an elevated Ps.

Type A behavior pattern in a German sample of post-infarction patients below age 40.

While Type A is predominant in 62 coronary subjects below age 40, its specificity is to be questioned because for controls the A:B ratio is very similar. Cases display significantly more hostility and loud/explosive speech than controls. During the interview, cases belonging to different Type A categories did not differ in heart rate, skin resistance responses and blood pressure, when task values are used.