Investigating the effects of a daily multidisciplinary intensive outpatient rehabilitation program on innovative biomarkers in people with Parkinson's disease: Study protocol for a phase III randomized controlled clinical trial.

Background: To date, there has been no medication that has prevented the progression of Parkinson's disease (PD). Many benefits of intensive and multidisciplinary rehabilitation program for PD are supported by clinical, epidemiological, and experimental data. The main question is whether high-intensity motor and cognitive exercises have an effect on the disease's biological mechanisms.

[Italian Association of Epidemiology: How has the demographic, educational, and occupational profile of members changed in recent years].

In recent years, the number of members of the Italian Association of Epidemiology (AIE) has increased considerably, and their profile has undergone many changes. The aim of this work is to describe the characteristics of the members, with particular attention to those who have been continuously enrolled. To evaluate these characteristics, the data from membership forms submitted to the Association and information available on the new website in the personal profile area (period 2016-2024) were used.

A Computational Account of the Development and Evolution of Psychotic Symptoms.

The mechanisms of psychotic symptoms such as hallucinations and delusions are often investigated in fully formed illness, well after symptoms emerge. These investigations have yielded key insights but are not well positioned to reveal the dynamic forces underlying symptom formation itself. Understanding symptom development over time would allow us to identify steps in the pathophysiological process leading to psychosis, shifting the focus of psychiatric intervention from symptom alleviation to prevention.

The minor allele of the serotonin transporter gene variant rs4251417 is associated with increased resilience in soldiers experiencing acute stress during survival training: preliminary findings.

Background: Variation in cognitive, emotional and physical performance in response to stress is attributable to environmental and genetic factors. Ability to adapt to stress is resilience.

Objectives: This study investigated genetic factors associated with resilience in soldiers exposed to severe stress due to intense physical and mental demands at Survive, Evade, Resist and Escape school, a unique environment to study acute stress and resiliency in real-world circumstances.

Longitudinal Changes in Dietary Supplement Use among United States Military Personnel: The US Military Dietary Supplement Use Study.

Previous studies investigating temporal changes in dietary supplement (DS) use have used representative samples but have not followed the same cohort over time. This study investigated longitudinal patterns of changes in DS use and factors associated with discontinuing DS use in a single group of active-duty United States military service members (SMs). SMs (n = 5778) completed two identical questionnaires on their DS use and demographic/lifestyle characteristics an average ± standard deviation 1.

BPSDiary study protocol: a multi-center randomized controlled trial to compare the efficacy of a BPSD diary vs. standard care in reducing caregiver's burden.

Unlabelled: Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia (BPSD) are a heterogeneous set of psychological and behavioral abnormalities seen in persons with dementia (PwD), significantly impacting their quality of life and that of their caregivers. Current assessment tools, such as the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI), are limited by recall bias and lack of direct observation. This study aims to overcome this limitation by making caregiver reports more objective through the use of a novel instrument, referred to as the BPSDiary.

Recent social stress and severity of auditory hallucinations.

Background And Hypothesis: Hearing voices is a common and often distressing experience for people with psychosis, and many individuals experience medication-resistant auditory verbal hallucinations (AVH). Psychosocial interventions are often employed to address distress over hearing voices. However, although links have been made between adverse social experiences and psychosis broadly, no work has yet delineated the relationship between day-to-day social stress and hallucination severity.

A computational account of the development and evolution of psychotic symptoms.

The mechanisms of psychotic symptoms like hallucinations and delusions are often investigated in fully-formed illness, well after symptoms emerge. These investigations have yielded key insights, but are not well-positioned to reveal the dynamic forces underlying symptom formation itself. Understanding symptom development over time would allow us to identify steps in the pathophysiological process leading to psychosis, shifting the focus of psychiatric intervention from symptom alleviation to prevention.

Metaphors of adolescence during COVID-19 pandemic: a mixed-method analysis in relation to well-being and alexithymia.

Introduction: During the pandemic, young people experienced a general increase in stress levels in their home and school environments and in their relationships with peers and family, largely due to restrictions on freedom of movement and social isolation. The ability to identify sources of stress and respond positively to them, using both personal and environmental resources, seems to be key to maintaining an acceptable level of well-being. This study investigates the association between alexithymic traits, self-perceived well-being, and self-representations in adolescents as expressed via narrative metaphors during the COVID-19 epidemic.

Retinal and Cortical Visual Processing Dysfunction in a Case of Mild Cognitive Impairment with Lewy Bodies: A Case Report.

The prodromal stage of Lewy body dementia includes a mild cognitive impairment with visual processing and/or attention-executive deficits. A clinical presentation with progressive visual loss is indeed seldom reported and can be misleading with a posterior cortical atrophy disease. While the neurodegeneration at the occipital cortex can only partially explain the visual disturbances of Lewy body dementia, more recently a retinal dysfunction has been suggested by preliminary optical coherence tomography and autoptic findings.

Identifying Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries Through Automated Video Analysis of In-Game Motion Patterns.

Background: Failure to diagnose anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury during a game can delay adequate treatment and increase the risk of further injuries. Artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to be an accurate, cost-efficient, and readily available diagnostic tool for ACL injury in in-game situations.

Purpose: To develop an automated video analysis system that uses AI to identify biomechanical patterns associated with ACL injury and to evaluate whether the system can enhance the ability of orthopaedic and sports medicine specialists to identify ACL injuries on video.

Performance of ChatGPT on the Brazilian Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging and Mammography Board Examinations.

This prospective exploratory study conducted from January 2023 through May 2023 evaluated the ability of ChatGPT to answer questions from Brazilian radiology board examinations, exploring how different prompt strategies can influence performance using GPT-3.5 and GPT-4. Three multiple-choice board examinations that did not include image-based questions were evaluated: radiology and diagnostic imaging, mammography, and neuroradiology.

Different methods of bone marrow harvesting influence cell characteristics and purity, affecting clinical outcomes.

Background: Bone marrow (BM)-derived stem cells were implanted to induce angiogenesis in patients with no-option critical limb-threatening ischemia. Considering the potential for this therapy, conflicting results related to BM harvesting methods have been reported that could affect stem cell concentrations and quality.

Methods: A total of 75 patients with no-option critical limb-threatening ischemia were treated with BM implantation.

The role of teachers' socio-emotional competence in reducing burnout through increased work engagement.

Introduction: Research has highlighted the relevance of socio-emotional competence in buffering the harmful impacts of perceived stress on the psychological facets of the teaching profession. The purpose of this paper is to innovatively investigate the relationships between perceived stress, work engagement, and burnout in a single comprehensive model, when considering the potential role that socio-emotional competence plays in mitigating the adverse impact of perceived stress on burnout.

Methods: A total of 276 Italian in-service teachers (mean age = 46.

Sex differences in mood, hormone and immune response to combatives training in West Point Cadets.

Unlabelled: Hand-to-hand combat training, known as combatives, instructs Soldiers in close-quarters combat techniques and how to cope with stress, understand controlled physical aggression, and develop self-confidence when engaged in such activities. Limited research in combat sports suggests men and women may respond to combatives stress differently. Given the increasing integration of women into close combat roles in the military, investigation of sex differences in the physiological and psychological response to combatives among military-trained personnel is warranted.

Serological response and breakthrough infection after COVID-19 vaccination in patients with cirrhosis and post-liver transplant.

Background: Vaccine hesitancy and lack of access remain major issues in disseminating COVID-19 vaccination to liver patients globally. Factors predicting poor response to vaccination and risk of breakthrough infection are important data to target booster vaccine programs. The primary aim of the current study was to measure humoral responses to 2 doses of COVID-19 vaccine.

The Medical Burden of Obesity and Overweight in the US Military: Association of BMI with Clinically Diagnosed Medical Conditions in United States Military Service Members.

Background: A high BMI is associated with various medical conditions, notably type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and mental health disorders. In the US military, BMI increased linearly between 1975 and 2015.

Objective: This cross-sectional study investigated the associations between BMI and a comprehensive range of clinically diagnosed medical conditions (CDMCs) in US military service members (SMs).

Emergency paediatric medicine consultation-a practical guide to a consultation with refugee and asylum-seeking children within the paediatric emergency department.

Unlabelled: There are increasing numbers of refugee and asylum-seeking children entering the UK annually who face significant barriers to accessing healthcare services. Clinicians working in the emergency department should have an awareness of the journeys children may have taken and the barriers they face in accessing care and have a holistic approach to care provision. We conducted a narrative literature review and used experiential knowledge of paediatricians working in the Paediatric Emergency Department to formulate a step-by-step screening tool.

Effect of Tibiofemoral Rotation Angle on Graft Failure After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.

Background: Coronal and sagittal malalignment of the knee are well-recognized risk factors for failure after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction (ACLR). However, the effect of axial malalignment on graft survival after ACLR is yet to be determined.

Purpose: To evaluate whether increased tibiofemoral rotational malalignment, namely, tibiofemoral rotation angle (TFA) and tibial tubercle-trochlear groove (TT-TG) distance, is associated with graft failure after ACLR.

Assessing the physiological basis for resilience in military personnel.

Military personnel experience training and operational demands that are different from civilian populations, including frequent deployment, exposure to austere environments, and dislocation from family. These unique occupational demands may result in negative impacts on health, performance, and career success. As such, resilience, defined as a system's capacity to resist, recover, recover better, or adapt, to perturbation from a challenge or stressor, is a critical factor in assuring the health and safety of military personnel.

Full-Dose Intraoperative Electron Radiotherapy for Early Breast Cancer: Evidence from a Single Center's Experience.

To evaluate the clinical response rate and cosmetic outcome after full-dose intraoperative electron radiotherapy (IOERT) in early breast cancer (BC) treated with conserving surgery. Inclusion criteria were: >60 years old, clinical tumor size ≤2 cm, luminal A carcinoma, patological negative lymph nodes, excluded lobular carcinoma histology. IOERT was delivered with a dose of 21 Gy at 90% isodose.

Antioxidant Capacity and NF-kB-Mediated Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Six Red Uruguayan Grape Pomaces.

Grape pomaces have a wide and diverse antioxidant phenolics composition. Six Uruguayan red grape pomaces were evaluated in their phenolics composition, antioxidant capacity, and anti-inflammatory properties. Not only radical scavenging methods as DPPH and ABTS were employed but also ORAC and FRAP analyses were applied to assess the antioxidant potency of the extracts.