Use of a Novel Deep Learning Open-Source Model for Quantification of Ki-67 in Breast Cancer Patients in Pakistan: A Comparative Study between the Manual and Automated Methods.

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women; its early detection plays a crucial role in improving patient outcomes. Ki-67 is a biomarker commonly used for evaluating the proliferation of cancer cells in breast cancer patients. The quantification of Ki-67 has traditionally been performed by pathologists through a manual examination of tissue samples, which can be time-consuming and subject to inter- and intra-observer variability.