Evaluation of Antioxidant Effects of Coenzyme Q10 against Hyperglycemia-Mediated Oxidative Stress by Focusing on Nrf2/Keap1/HO-1 Signaling Pathway in the Liver of Diabetic Rats.

Background: Hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress can damage the liver and lead to diabetes complications. Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ-10) reduces diabetes-related oxidative stress. However, its molecular mechanisms are still unclear.

Effects of Carvacrol on Cognitive Function and Apoptotic Gene Expression in Trimethyltin- Induced Hippocampal Injury in Rats.

Objective: Trimethyltin (TMT) chloride is an organotin compound used in industry. It has been linked to generating reactive oxygen species (ROS), inflammatory processes, and neuronal death. Carvacrol is a monoterpene phenol found in the plant family, modulating inflammatory conditions and necroptosis in neural tissue.

The time course of nod-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 inflammasome complex expressions in the testis tissue of an experimental varicocele rat model: An experimental study.

Background: Varicocele is characterized by abnormal dilation of the testicular vein, which results in hypoxia, the accumulation of reactive oxygen species, and the production of proinflammatory cytokines. It seems that a group of cytosolic receptors named nod-like receptor family, pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, is activated and involved in the pathogenesis of varicocele.

Objective: We aim to determine the time course of NLRP3 inflammasome expression in the testis tissue following varicocele induction.

Anti-parasitic effects of resveratrol on protoscolices and hydatid cyst layers.

The main goal of the current study was to evaluate the effectiveness of resveratrol (RESV) on protoscolices and hydatid cysts of Echinococcus granolosus. Echinococcus granolosus protoscolices and hydatid cyst were exposed to RPMI, DMSO, formalin, mebendazole, and different concentrations of RESV in vitro. Then, viability, GGT, and caspase-3 activity of protoscolices were evaluated using light microscopy, colorimetric, and enzymatic assay, respectively.

The effect of curcumin on NRF2/Keap1 signalling pathway in the epididymis of mouse experimental cryptorchidism.

Nrf2/Keap1 pathway, which prevents cellular damage against reactive oxygen species production, is disrupted in epididymis following cryptorchidism. In this study, we aimed to use curcumin (Cur) as an activator of Nrf2 to decrease the effects of disruption in this pathway caused by cryptorchidism. In this study, animals were randomly divided into following groups: control, sham-surgery, sham-vehicle, sham-Cur sham-Cur , cryptorchidism, cryptorchidism-vehicle, cryptorchidism-Cur and cryptorchidism-Cur .

Alpha-lipoic acid supplementation effects on serum values of some oxidative stress biomarkers in women with gestational diabetes.

Aims: Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) is a unique antioxidant that can eradicate different kinds of free radicals. The current trial was designed to investigate the effects of ALA supplementation on some oxidative stress biomarkers in women with GDM.

Materials And Methods: Sixty women with GDM at 24-28 weeks of pregnancy were selected and then they were divided into the drug ( = 30) received ALA 300 mg/day for 8 weeks and the placebo ( = 30) groups.

Anti-Proliferative and Anti-Telomerase Effects of Blackberry Juice and Berry- Derived Polyphenols on HepG2 Liver Cancer Cells and Normal Human Blood Mononuclear Cells.

Background: Previous studies have provided strong evidence for the anticancer activity of berry fruits.

Objective: In this study, we investigated the effects of blackberry juice and three berry- polyphenolic compounds on cell proliferation and telomerase activity in human hepatoma HepG2 and normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs).

Methods: The cell viability and telomerase activity were measured by MTT and TRAP assay, respectively.

Oxidative toxic stress and p53 level in healthy subjects occupationally exposed to outdoor air Pollution - a cross-sectional study in Iran.

Introduction: It is suggested that air pollution exposure induces oxidative stress in the body and causes diseases. However, current evidence regarding the association of outdoor air pollution with some oxidative toxic stress (OTS) biomarkers in areas with different pollutant concentrations is equivocal.

Objective: The aim of study was to investigate the adverse effects of outdoor air pollution on human health, by evaluating potential oxidative and anti-oxidative biomarkers and p53 protein levels in subjects exposed to different outdoor air pollution from two polluted and less polluted cities of Iran.

Improving the endothelial dysfunction in type 2 diabetes with chromium and vitamin D byreducing homocysteine and oxidative stress: A randomized placebo-controlled trial.

Background: Chromium picolinate (CrPic) and vitamin D3 are known as two antioxidant micronutrients. Through inducing endothelial dysfunction, oxidants such as homocysteine (Hct) and malondialdehyde (MDA) lead to cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). No published data has directly examined the effects of these two antioxidants on improving the endothelial dysfunction in T2DM throughreducing homocysteine and oxidative stress.

The effect of hydro-alcoholic extract of on spermatogenesis index in rats treated with cyclophosphamide: An experimental study.

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the antioxidant effects of extract on improving the toxicity induced by cyclophosphamide (CP) on spermatogenesis. 54 male Wistar rats (4 months old) weighing 200-250 gr were randomly divided into 6 groups (n = 9/each).

Objective: "group 1 (control) underwent the normal diet and water; group 2 (sham) received 2 ml/day normal saline; group 3 (positive control) received 300 mg/kg/day extract; group 4 received extract (300 mg/kg/day) + 5 mg/kg/day CP (Endoxan, baxter oncology gmbh, Germany) after 4 hr; group 5 (CP) received 5 mg/kg/day CP + normal saline 4 hr after it; and group 6 (CP + ) received extract (300 mg/kg/day) 4 hr after 5 mg/kg/day CP.

Possible antioxidant mechanism of coenzyme Q10 in diabetes: impact on Sirt1/Nrf2 signaling pathways.

Oxidative stress is a major complication in diabetes mellitus. The aim of this study was to investigate potential antioxidant activity of coenzyme Q10 (Co Q10) against hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress in diabetic rat and unraveling its mechanism of action by focusing on silent information regulator 1 (Sirt1) and nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) mRNA expression level. Furthermore, the activity of two Nrf2-dependent antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase and catalase) in the liver of diabetic rats was studied.

Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in thyroid cancer: a comprehensive review.

The Metastatic progression of solid tumors, such as thyroid cancer is a complex process which involves various factors. Current understanding on the role of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in thyroid carcinomas suggests that EMT is implicated in the progression from follicular thyroid cancer (FTC) and papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) to poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma (PDTC) and anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC). According to the literature, the initiation of the EMT program in thyroid epithelial cells elevates the number of stem cells, which contribute to recurrent and metastatic diseases.

The roles and role-players in thyroid cancer angiogenesis.

Thyroid cancer is the most prevalent endocrine cancer worldwide. Angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels, plays a pivotal role in the development and progression of tumors. Over the past years, cancer research has focused on the ability of tumors to induce newly formed blood vessel, because tumor growth and the process of cancer metastasis mainly depends on angiogenesis.

Expression Levels of the Tyrosine Hydroxylase Gene and Histone Modifications Around its Promoter in the Locus Coeruleus and Ventral Tegmental Area of Rats during Forced Abstinence from Morphine.

Background: Epigenetic mechanisms such as histone modifications may be involved in the structural and behavioral changes associated with addiction. We studied whether morphine-induced changes in mRNA levels of the catecholamine biosynthesis enzyme, tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), are associated with histone modifications around the promoter of this gene in the locus coeruleus (LC) and ventral tegmental area (VTA) of rats.

Methods: Dependence was induced in rats by intraperitoneal injections of morphine for 11 days.

Acriflavine enhances the antitumor activity of the chemotherapeutic drug 5-fluorouracil in colorectal cancer cells.

5-Fluorouracil (5-FU)-based chemotherapy improves the overall survival rates of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). However, only a small proportion of patients respond to 5-FU when used as a single agent. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether the anticancer property of 5-FU is potentiated by combination treatment with acriflavine (ACF) in CRC cells.

Alteration in 1 and 2 genes expression, sperm parameters and testis histology in varicocelized rats.

Background: gene, a member of cation channel sperm family, has an essential role in sperm motility and male fertility. Following varicocele, sperm parameters especially sperm movement decreases. For this reason, we hypothesized that gene expression might be reduced after varicocele induction in an animal model.

Resveratrol decreases apoptosis and NLRP3 complex expressions in experimental varicocele rat model.

Objectives: Varicocele is an abnormal dilation in the testicular vein, which can cause hypoxia, reactive oxygen species accumulation, elevation in testicular temperature, and promote apoptosis and increase proinflammatory cytokine production. According to the varicocele pathophysiology, it is possible that a group of cytosolic receptors called nucleotide oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasomes also involve in varicocele pathogenesis. Due to the important role of antioxidant in decreasing the testis tissue damage, in this study we investigated the protective effect of resveratrol (RES) on NLRP3 complex and apoptosis in experimental varicocele rats.

Association between chemerin rs17173608 and rs4721 gene polymorphisms and gestational diabetes mellitus in Iranian pregnant women.

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as hyperglycemia detected during pregnancy and its risk is increased with obesity. Chemerin, an adipokine, has been proposed as potential mediators of insulin resistance in GDM. This case-control study was designed to assess the relation between chemerin SNPs rs4721 (or rs10278590) and rs17173608 and the development of GDM.

Effects of different Sertoli cell types on the maintenance of adult spermatogonial stem cells in vitro.

Spermatongonial stem cells (SSCs) are unique testis cells that are able to proliferate, differentiate, and transmit genetic information to the next generation. However, the effect of different Sertoli cell types on the expression of specific SSC genes is not yet well understood. In this study, we compare the in vitro effect of adult Sertoli cells, embryonic Sertoli cells, and TM4 (a Sertoli cell line) as feeder layers on the expression of SSC genes.

Association between vitamin D receptor ApaI and TaqI gene polymorphisms and gestational diabetes mellitus in an Iranian pregnant women population.

It has been proposed that variants of the nuclear vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene are associated with a susceptibility to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Our study was aimed to evaluate a possible association between the VDR ApaI (rs7975232) and TaqI (rs731236) gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to GDM in an Iranian pregnant women population. This case-control study was performed on a population of pregnant Iranian women, including 157 GDM and 157 non-GDM subjects.

Expression levels of the BDNF gene and histone modifications around its promoters in the ventral tegmental area and locus ceruleus of rats during forced abstinence from morphine.

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays a role in mediating molecular, cellular, and behavioral adaptations underlying drug addiction. Here, we examined the influence of withdrawal from repeated morphine treatment on the expression of BDNF mRNA in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and locus coeruleus (LC) of the rat brain. We also studied whether alternations in mRNA levels of BDNF in these tissues are associated with histone modifications around promoters II and III of the BDNF gene.

Oxidative stress in acute human poisoning with organophosphorus insecticides; a case control study.

Free radicals play an important role in toxicity of pesticides and environmental chemicals. Organophosphorus insecticides (OPIs) may induce oxidative stress leading to generation of free radicals and alteration in antioxidant system. To complete the previous surveys, this study was conducted to evaluate the existence of oxidative stress, balance between total antioxidant capacity and oxygen free radicals in patients with acute OPI exposure.