Comparative analysis of traditional machine learning and automated machine learning: advancing inverted papilloma versus associated squamous cell carcinoma diagnosis.

Inverted papilloma conversion to squamous cell carcinoma is not always easy to predict. AutoML requires much less technical knowledge and skill to use than traditional ML. AutoML surpassed the traditional ML algorithm in differentiating IP from IP-SCC.

External versus Endoscopic Dacryocystorhinostomy for Primary Acquired Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction.

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to compare the surgical outcomes and success rates of external dacryocystorhinostomy (EX-DCR) versus endoscopic endonasal DCR (EN-DCR) for the treatment of primary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction (PANDO).

Methods: This retrospective nonrandomized study was conducted at Farabi Eye Hospital and Noor Eye Hospital, Iran. A review of electronic medical records of all patients with PANDO who underwent EX-DCR or EN-DCR between January 2016 and 2018 was carried out.

The Outcome of Cochlear Implantations in Deaf-Blind Patients: A Multicenter Observational Study.

Objective: This multicenter study aimed to evaluate the auditory and speech outcomes of cochlear implantation (CI) in deaf-blind patients compared with deaf-only patients.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Multiple cochlear implant centers.

Isolated Intraconal Meningioma.

Purpose: To report a rare case of isolated intraconal meningioma.

Case Report: A 24-year-old woman presented with painless proptosis in her left eye which started and progressed during her pregnancy about 10 months ago. Hertel exophthalomometry revealed anterior displacement of the globe with 4 mm of proptosis which was remarkable.

Giant Cell Tumor: Changing Behavior from Intraorbital to Intraosseous Mass.

Purpose: To present a patient with giant cell tumor (GCT) of the orbit by changing behavior from an intraorbital mass to an intraosseous tumor.

Methods: A 16-year-old boy presented with pain, swelling, erythematous of the left upper and lower eyelids, proptosis, and diplopia. Ophthalmic examination revealed chemosis, conjunctival injection, limited elevation, depression as well as abduction in the left eye.

Endoscopic Versus Microscopic Cartilage Myringoplasty in Chronic Otitis Media.

Introduction: Operations on the tympanic membrane of the middle ear, myringoplasty, and tympanoplasty are now widely accepted, and attempts are underway all over the world to standardize the surgical techniques. This study aimed to compare postoperative outcomes of endoscopic and microscopic cartilage myringoplasty in patients suffering from chronic otitis media (COM).

Materials And Methods: This clinical trial study compared 130 patients with COM who underwent transcanal endoscopic myringoplasty by repairing perforation using auricular concha cartilage under general anesthesia (n=75) and conventional repairing method by postauricular incision and tympanomeatal flap elevation under microscopic surgery (n=55).

Frequency and outcome of olfactory impairment and sinonasal involvement in hospitalized patients with COVID-19.

Background: Olfactory dysfunction has shown to accompany COVID-19. There are varying data regarding the exact frequency in the various study population. The outcome of the olfactory impairment is also not clearly defined.

Orbital anatomical parameters affecting outcome of deep lateral orbital wall decompression.

Purpose: To determine orbital anatomical parameters that affect surgical outcome of deep lateral orbital wall decompression.

Methods: Twenty orbits of 20 patients with moderate proptosis (maximum 25 mm) due to thyroid eye disease who were stable for at least 6 months were included in this prospective cohort study. Four parameters including lateral orbital wall distance (LOWD), removable surface area (RSA), removable surface length (RSL), and sphenoid door jamb thickness (SDJ) were evaluated by computed tomography (CT) scan prior to surgery in these patients.

New marsupialization technique in endolymphatic sac surgery.

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to describe and evaluate the results of a new technique in endolymphatic sac decompression surgery.

Methods: Forty-three patients with intractable unilateral Meniere's disease were selected. Endolymphatic sac was identified after simple mastoidectomy, and its lateral layer was incised, using a sickle knife.

Balance function after cochlear implant and inner ear anomaly: Comparison of dynamic posturography.

Introduction: Patients with sensorineural hearing loss suffer concomitant vestibular dysfunction that is more prevalent in patients with inner ear anomaly and could be aggravated with cochlear implantation. To assess the vestibular dysfunction in patients with cochlear implantation, we compared their results with those of patients with and without inner ear anomaly.

Materials And Methods: This is a historical cohort study lasting for 20 years on 50 patients with cochlear implantation.

Determining the effect of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on improving endoscopic sinus surgery: A randomized clinical trial study (RCT).

Rhinosinusitis is an inflammatory disease of the nasal and paranasal sinus mucosa, and it becomes chronic when it lasts longer than 3 months without symptom improvement. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of PRP on improvement of endoscopic sinus surgery. This was a randomized clinical trial (RCT) designed and implemented on 21 patients with chronic rhinosinusitis in Rasool Akram hospital in Tehran during 2016-2017.

Titanium Snoreplasty- A New Surgical Technique.

Introduction: Based on the previous data, among the general population aged between 30 and 60 years, snoring is observed in 44% and 28% of males and females, respectively. Therefore, it is important to treat snoring to reduce the disruption of the bed partner's sleep and the patients' own problems. This study aimed to present a minimally invasive procedure which is easy to perform with less tissue damage.

Cochlear implantation in children with inner ear malformation: A multicenter study on auditory performance and speech production outcomes.

Objectives: This multicenter study evaluated the auditory performance and speech production outcomes of cochlear implantation in children with inner ear anomaly and compared the outcomes of patients with different kinds of malformation.

Methods: Cochlear implantation was performed in 107 children with inner ear malformation at four tertiary academic centers. The categories of auditory performance (CAP) and speech intelligibility rating (SIR) scores were evaluated preoperatively and one year and two years postoperatively.

Orbital radiologic parameters of non-syndromic exorbitism patients in comparison with normal population.

Purpose: To measure orbital dimension of patients with exorbitism and defining criteria for its diagnosis.

Methods: Twelve patients with non-syndromic exorbitism (NSE) were compared with 24 control samples by means of computed tomography scan (CT-scan) findings. The proptosis severity, lateral wall length, medial wall length, optic nerve straight length, lateral wall angle, ethmoidal sinus surface area, mid-interorbital distance, anterior interorbital distance, external orbital distance, inter-pupillary distance, and lateral wall curve cord were evaluated in order to define a criterion for NSE.

Production and Evaluation of Specific Single-Chain Antibodies against CTLA-4 for Cancer-Targeted Therapy.

Background: Cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) molecules are expressed on T-cells and inhibit their function by inhibiting activation of subsequent T-cell molecular pathways. Blocking of CTLA-4 inhibits the growth of malignant tumor cells. Anti-CTLA-4 monoclonal antibodies activate the immune system against cancer.

Treatment of Idiopathic Intracranial Hypotension With Tea: A Case Report.

Introduction: The syndrome of spontaneous intracranial hypotension has been increasingly diagnosed since its discovery through magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). It is a rare syndrome that is due to the leakage of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from a tear in the dura and can occur at any age, even among adolescents, but is most frequently seen among females in late middle age.

Case Presentation: Here, we describe a 32-year-old woman with a two-month history of headaches and occasional nausea and vomiting (N/V).

Pseudo-Foster Kennedy Syndrome as a Rare Presentation of Vitamin B12 Deficiency.

Introduction: Pseudo-Foster Kennedy syndrome is a triad consisting of ipsilateral optic atrophy, contralateral optic disc edema, and ipsilateral anosmia in the absence of an intracranial mass. Vitamin B12 plays an important role in DNA synthesis, and its deficiency causes peripheral neuropathy, myeloneuropathy, and, very rarely, optic neuropathy.

Case Presentation: In this study, we describe a 34-year-old male who presented with progressive loss of visual acuity and field.

Treatment Following Intoxication With Lethal Dose of Paraquat: A Case Report and Review of Literature.

Introduction: Paraquat is a widely used nitrogen-based herbicide which is lethal and causes multi-organ failure by accumulation in cells, which subsequently leads to death.

Case Presentation: The present case report introduced a 25-year-old male with nausea, vomiting, and severe substernal burning sensation after incidentally ingestion of a large amount of paraquat. The treatment of the patient with antioxidants (N-acetylcysteine and vitamin E) and hemodialysis started immediately after arriving to the hospital.