Measurement of ventricular three-dimensional torsion.

Background: In this study, three-dimensional torsion angle of myocardium was extracted by two-dimensional images of the left ventricle at three levels of base, mid, and apex of interventricular septum wall.

Methods: Two-dimensional echocardiography images of long- and short-axis views of healthy men were synchronized using an electrocardiogram of each individual and processed. Interventricular septum wall motion at three levels of base, mid, and apex were measured using a motion-detection algorithm throughout three cardiac cycles.

Estimating the Myocardium's Angle of Three-Dimensional Trajectory, Using the Tracking of Sequential Two-Dimensional Echocardiography Images.

Background: In this study, the angle of the myocardium's trajectory in three dimensions (ф) was estimated by simultaneous use of long-axis and short-axis views of left ventricle septum two-dimensional images. Then correlation of three-dimensional trajectory's angle with the rotation angle from the long (χ) and short (θ) axis views was estimated and compared at the three levels of base, mid and apex of the interventricular septum wall.

Methods: Two-dimensional echocardiography images of long- and short-axis views of 19 healthy men were recorded and analyzed.