Clinicopathological Associations of K-RAS and N-RAS Mutations in Indonesian Colorectal Cancer Cohort.

Background: K-RAS and recently N-RAS gene mutation testing are mandatory requirements prior to anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) monoclonal antibody treatment of metastatic CRC. Mutation prevalence and distribution in Indonesian colorectal cancer (CRC) are not known.

Methods: Combined methods of PCR high-resolution melt (HRM), restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), and direct DNA sequencing were used to genotype exons 2, 3, and 4 of both K-RAS and N-RAS genes for routine clinical testing of CRC patients.

Single and multiple high-risk and low-risk Human Papillomavirus association with cervical lesions of 11,224 women in Jakarta.

Purpose: We sought to evaluate prevalence, age-adjusted distribution, and impact of single and multiple high- and low-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) subtypes and their associations with cervical lesions.

Methods: Data were extracted from 11,224 women who underwent routine screening of HPV genotyping and liquid-based cytology co-testing. Fifteen high-risk (HR) and six low-risk (LR) HPV types were genotyped.