Estimating utility value for female genital mutilation.

Background: Female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C) is a clear violation of women's rights and can have adverse and irreversible health effects as well. Worldwide, more than 200 million women and girls have undergone FGM/C. Utility value of FGM/C has not been estimated yet, so we designed this study to extract the health utility value of FGM/C for the first time in the world.

Investigation of Integron-Associated Resistance Gene Cassettes in Urinary Isolates of in Yasuj, Southwestern Iran During 2015-16.

Background: Growing antibiotic resistance among urinary opportunistic pathogens such as has created a worrisome condition in the treatment of the Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) in recent years. Integrons play a significant role in the dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes. The present study was conducted to investigate class 1-3 integrons and the corresponding resistance gene cassettes in urinary isolates.

Determination of gyrA and parC mutations and prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from patients with urinary tract infection in Iran.

Objectives: Fluoroquinolones (FQs) are recommended as the drugs of choice for the empirical treatment of urinary tract infections (UTIs). This study investigated the molecular determinants of FQ resistance in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates in Iran.

Methods: A total of 364 clinical isolates of E.