Modulation of Stemness and Differentiation Regulators by Valproic Acid in Medulloblastoma Neurospheres.

Changes in epigenetic processes such as histone acetylation are proposed as key events influencing cancer cell function and the initiation and progression of pediatric brain tumors. Valproic acid (VPA) is an antiepileptic drug that acts partially by inhibiting histone deacetylases (HDACs) and could be repurposed as an epigenetic anticancer therapy. Here, we show that VPA reduced medulloblastoma (MB) cell viability and led to cell cycle arrest.

Specific activity of mouse liver desaturases and elongases: Time course effects using n-3 and n-6 PUFA substrates and inhibitory responses of delta-6 desaturase.

The synthesis of n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated acids (PUFAs) is associated with physiological functions in mammals, being catalyzed by Δ-5D and Δ-6D desaturases and elongases Elovl-2 and Elovl-5. In this context, we aimed to study the chief kinetic features of PUFA liver anabolism, looking upon (i) the time-dependency for the specific activity of Δ-6D, Δ-5D, Elovl2, Elovl2/5 and Elovl5, using n-3 and n-6 precursors between 0 and 240 min ex vivo in mouse liver.; and (ii) the specific activity-substrate (α-linolenic acid; ALA) concentration responses of Δ-6D in the absence and presence of linoleic acid (LA), arachidonic acid (ARA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), an enzyme regarded as the rate-limiting step in PUFA anabolism.

Children's Individual Differences in the Responses to a New Method for Physical Education.

Children's fundamental movement skills (FMS) require planned and guided interventions to develop appropriately. We investigated the effect of a novel Physical Education (PE) method to develop children's object control, locomotor skills, and motor competence. Further, we examined children's trainability, i.

Comparison of levonorgestrel in different forms and copper intrauterine devices for emergency contraception: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: Emergency contraception serves as the only dependable method for women to prevent pregnancy following unprotected sex. Among emergency contraception methods, the copper intrauterine device provides continuous, highly effective contraception for over a decade. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness, safety, and side effects of the copper intrauterine device over methods containing levonorgestrel for emergency contraception.

The development of an "Engagement in Physical Education" scale.

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to present a scale that assesses students' perceptions of their engagement in physical education. The scale assesses all four dimensions of engagement (agentic, cognitive, behavioral, and emotional) in order to be consistent with the contemporary notion of engagement used in current educational research.

Method: A total of 231 eighth and ninth-grade students (108 boys, Mage = 14.

Modulation of Δ5- and Δ6-desaturases in the brain-liver axis.

Objective: Obesity is associated with liver depletion of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFAS) promoting steatosis and inflammation, whose levels are maintained by diet or biosynthesis involving Δ-5D, Δ-6D desaturases and elongases.

Method: We aimed to assess Δ-5D and Δ-6D activities in liver and brain from mice fed a control diet (CD) or high-fat diet (HFD) for four to sixteen weeks.

Results: HFD led to (1) an early (4 weeks) enhancement in liver Δ-5D, Δ-6D, and PPAR-α activities, without changes in oxidative stress, liver damage or fat accumulation; (2) a latter progressive loss in hepatic desaturation with insufficient compensatory increases in mRNA and protein expression, leading to ω-3 PUFA depletion, PPAR-α down-regulation reducing FA oxidation, and liver steatosis with enhancement in lipogenesis; and (3) brain ω-3 PUFA depletion after 12 to 16 weeks of HFD feeding.

Targeting glycolysis for neuroprotection in early LPS-induced neuroinflammation.

Neuroinflammation is a pathophysiological feature of numerous neurological and psychiatric disorders. The immune response in the central nervous system, driven by microglia and astrocytes, leads to metabolic reprogramming towards aerobic glycolysis, a phenomenon known as the Warburg effect. The control of metabolic reprogramming via immunomodulation may represent a potential therapeutic target for providing protection against neuroinflammation, which contributes to neuronal dysfunction and death in several neurological disorders.

High-fiber basil seed flour reduces insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis in high-fat diet mice.

The incidence of insulin resistance (IR) and hepatic steatosis is increasing, with dietary fiber playing a protective role against these disorders. Ocimum basilicum L., widely used in food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries, but their health-promoting properties remain underexplored.

Longitudinal policy surveillance of state obesity legislation in California, 1999-2020.

Background: Obesity rates among children and adults continue to accelerate in the U.S., particularly among marginalized and low-income populations.

Synergistic effects evaluation of jabuticaba and strawberry extracts on oxidative stability of pork burgers.

This study aimed to verify whether the combined application of jabuticaba and strawberry extracts at five different concentrations could enhance oxidative stability and microbiological quality of pork burgers over 12 days of storage at 4 °C. The anthocyanins in these extracts were quantified by HPLC-DAD and identified by LC-MS/MS. Pelargonidin-3-glucoside was highlighted as the predominant anthocyanin in jabuticaba extract, while cyanidin-3-glucoside was the main constituent in strawberry extract.

Presentation and management of cerebral proliferative angiopathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis on treatment outcomes.

Cerebral Proliferative Angiopathy (CPA) is a rare brain vascular malformation, similar to Arteriovenous Malformations (AVM) but lacking of early venous drainage. Presentation and treatment outcomes were investigated, examining for morbidity, mortality and complications. A meta-analysis was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines.

A Hybrid Framework for Maritime Surveillance: Detecting Illegal Activities through Vessel Behaviors and Expert Rules Fusion.

Maritime traffic is essential for global trade but faces significant challenges, including navigation safety, environmental protection, and the prevention of illicit activities. This work presents a framework for detecting illegal activities carried out by vessels, combining navigation behavior detection models with rules based on expert knowledge. Using synthetic and real datasets based on the Automatic Identification System (AIS), we structured our framework into five levels based on the Joint Directors of Laboratories (JDL) model, efficiently integrating data from multiple sources.

Antifungal Effect of Bauhinia variegata Lectin (BvL) on Bipolaris oryzae.

The search for less harmful, ecologically efficient, more specific, and natural alternatives for the control of pathogens is essential. Bauhinia variegata lectin (BvL) is a protein that has numerous biological activities, including antifungal. The present study examines the potential in vitro of B.

Thermotolerance in Angus cattle is related to hair coat characteristics but not to coat color.

This study evaluated the impact of coat color (CC) and hair coat characteristics (HC) on productive and physiological traits related to thermotolerance in Angus heifers. The goal was to determine if HC and/or CC were reliable indicators of thermotolerance on a large scale for future breeding programs. Ninety-three 15-month-old Angus heifers (52 black, 41 red) were evaluated in three periods on a beef cattle farm in Brazil.

Clinical validation of the ineffective social support network nursing diagnosis in violence-victimized women.

Purpose: To verify clinical validity evidence for the ineffective social support network nursing diagnosis.

Method: A quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional study was performed with 98 violence-victimized women treated in two reference centers for violence in the city of Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil. The women were interviewed from August 2021 to June 2022.

Associations of obesity, movement behaviors, and socioeconomic status with fundamental movement skills in children: Results from the REACT project.

Objective: To investigate the relationship of biological characteristics (age, sex, and obesity), movement behaviors (physical activity and sedentary time), and family socioeconomic status with fundamental movement skills (FMS) in primary school children.

Methods: This cross-sectional study sampled 1014 children (537 girls) aged 6 to 10 years from 25 primary schools in Matosinhos, north of Portugal. Five object control skills (dribbling, kicking, catching, throwing, and underarm rolling) were assessed with a categorical scale using the Meu Educativo® platform.

Stemness and Cell Cycle Regulators and Their Modulation by Retinoic Acid in Ewing Sarcoma.

Retinoic acid (RA) regulates stemness and differentiation in human embryonic stem cells (ESCs). Ewing sarcoma (ES) is a pediatric tumor that may arise from the abnormal development of ESCs. Here we show that RA impairs the viability of SK-ES-1 ES cells and affects the cell cycle.

A Case Study of a Rare Undifferentiated Spindle Cell Sarcoma of the Penis: Establishment and Characterization of Patient-Derived Models.

Rare sarcomas present significant treatment challenges compared to more prevalent soft tissue sarcomas due to limited treatment options and a poor understanding of their biology. This study investigates a unique case of penile sarcoma, providing a comprehensive morphological and molecular analysis. Through the creation of experimental patient-derived models-including patient-derived xenograft (PDX), 3D, and monolayer primary cultures-we successfully replicated crucial molecular traits observed in the patient's tumor, such as smooth muscle actin and CD99 expression, along with specific mutations in genes like and .

A multivariate multilevel approach to unravel the associations between individual and school factors on children's motor performance in the REACT project.

Objective: The aim was to (1) estimate the relationship between physical fitness (PF) and object control fundamental movement skills (FMS), (2) identify child characteristics that relate with PF and FMS, and (3) examine associations between the school environment, PF, and FMS.

Methods: The sample included 1014 Portuguese children aged 6-10 years from the REACT project. PF was assessed via running speed, shuttle run, standing long jump, handgrip, and the PACER test.