Septic shock due to Pasteurella multocida bacteremia: a case report.

Introduction: Pasteurella is a Gram-negative coccobacillus that causes a wide spectrum of diseases in humans and is commonly transmitted from cat and dog bites. An increasing number of cats and dogs are kept as pets in American households which increases the risk of pet-related infections.

Case Presentation: An 82-year-old African American woman with multiple comorbidities presented with fever, vomiting and diarrhea; she later developed septic shock requiring vasopressors and intubation.

Vaccinating adults who are pregnant, older, or immunocompromised, or have chronic kidney disease.

Patients who have special vaccination needs include pregnant women, people over age 60, people with kidney disease, people with compromised immunity due to underlying illness or medications, and international travelers. By being aware of these needs and implementing a strategy for vaccination, physicians can reduce the rate of vaccine-preventable infections. This article reviews the vaccine requirements in these groups.

Histopathological Changes of the Thyroid and Parathyroid Glands in HIV-Infected Patients.

Objective. To study histopathology of the thyroid and parathyroid glands in HIV-infected African Americans in the United States. Methods.

Mycoplasma pneumoniae-Induced-Stevens Johnson Syndrome: Rare Occurrence in an Adult Patient.

Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) is an uncommon occurrence in Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumoniae) infection (1-5%) and has been mainly reported in children and young adults. We present a case of SJS in a 32-year-old male induced by M.

Graves' Disease as a Manifestation of Immune Reconstitution in HIV-Infected Individuals after Initiation of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy.

Graves' disease after the initiation of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in certain HIV-1-infected individuals has been described as an immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS). This phenomenon should be suspected in individuals who present with clinical deterioration and a presentation suggestive of hyperthyroidism despite good virological and immunological response to HAART. Signs and symptoms of hyperthyroidism may be discrete or overt and typically develop 8-33 months after initiating therapy.

Pulmonary sarcoidosis in an HIV/human T-cell lymphotrophic viruses I/II coinfected patient.

Coexistence of HIV, pulmonary sarcoidosis, and human T-cell lymphotrophic viruses (HTLV) I/II has not been well reported and studied. Although the exact etiology of sarcoidosis is unknown, immunologic abnormalities have been the focus of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related sarcoidosis and it is thought to be a manifestation of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome. We report the case of an African American woman with HIV and HTLV I/II coinfection who developed pulmonary sarcoidosis several months after the initiation of antiretroviral therapy.

Managing mentally and physically challenged HIV patients.

Management of mentally and physically challenged patients is complex, as it can involve ethical, social, and medical issues, and adding the provision of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) care further complicates management. There continues to be limited information in the literature in caring for these types of patients. We provide 2 unique HIV cases--one who is mentally challenged and the other who is blind--and how management was approached.

Lemierre's syndrome resulting from streptococcal induced otitis media and mastoiditis: a case report.

Introduction: Lemierre's syndrome is an extremely rare and almost universally fatal disease characterized as thrombophlebitis of the internal jugular venous system with subsequent metastatic infection. Fusobacterium necrophorum is the most common organism implicated in causation of Lemierre's syndrome. Group A Streptococcus has mainly been observed as a polymicrobial organism in the syndrome.