Association of postalimentary lipemia with atherosclerotic manifestations.

We identified different lipemic and metabolic responses after the ingestion of a standardized meal by healthy adults and related them to atherosclerotic markers. Samples from 60 normolipidemic adults were collected before and after a liquid meal (40 g fat/m² body surface) at 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 h for measurements of lipids, free fatty acids (FFA), insulin, cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP), autoantibodies to epitopes of oxidized LDL (oxLDL Ab), lipolytic activities, and apolipoprotein E polymorphism. Mean carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) was determined by Doppler ultrasound.

Association between family history of prostate cancer and positive biopsies in a Brazilian screening program.

Purpose: To test the association between family history of prostate cancer (FH) and prostate cancer (PCa) risk in a large screening program in Brazil, as no conclusive study has yet investigated this.

Methods: Between 2004 and 2007, 17,569 men were screened in 231 small municipalities using mobile screening units. Positive FH was defined as any relative having PCa among screened men.

[Factors associated with adiposity in normal weight female adolescents with adequate and high percent body fat: elaborating a risk model].

Factors associated with adiposity in normal weight female adolescents with adequate and high percent body fat: elaborating a risk model. This study was carried out to evaluate the factors associated with adiposity in normal weight adolescents presenting appropriate or high percent body fat, who attended the public schools in Viçosa county-Minas Gerais/Brazil. A total of 118 female adolescents at age range from 14 to 19 years and have already presented the menarche were evaluated.

Oxidized low-density lipoproteins and their antibodies: relationships with the reverse cholesterol transport and carotid atherosclerosis in adults without cardiovascular diseases.

Background: Metabolic predictors and the atherogenicity of oxidized LDL (oxLDL) and the specific antibodies against oxLDL (oxLDL Ab) are unclear and controversial.

Methods: In 107 adults without atherosclerotic manifestations, we measured oxLDL and oxLDL Ab, and also the activities of CETP, PLTP, lipases and the carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT). Comparisons were performed for the studied parameters between the lowest and the highest tertile of oxLDL and oxLDL Ab, and the relationships between studied variables were evaluated.

Takovite-aluminosilicate-Cr materials prepared by adsorption of Cr3+ from industrial effluents as catalysts for hydrocarbon oxidation reactions.

The catalytic efficiency of takovite-aluminosilicate-chromium catalysts obtained by adsorption of Cr(3+) ions from aqueous solutions by a takovite-aluminosilicate nanocomposite adsorbent is reported. The adsorbent was synthesized by the coprecipitation method. The catalytic activity of the final Cr-catalysts depended on the amount of adsorbed chromium.

High sodium intake adversely affects oxidative-inflammatory response, cardiac remodelling and mortality after myocardial infarction.

Objective: Enhanced sodium intake increases volume overload, oxidative stress and production of proinflammatory cytokines. In animal models, increased sodium intake favours ventricular dysfunction after myocardial infarction (MI). The aim of this study was to investigate, in human subjects presenting with ST-segment elevation MI (STEMI), the impact of sodium intake prior the coronary event.

Analysis of single eukaryotic cells using Raman Tweezers.

Raman Tweezers is a technique that combines optical trapping with Raman spectroscopy and has enabled the spectroscopic analysis of single cells. Applications of this technique include the identification and discrimination of different types of cells, including healthy and non-healthy cells (e.g.

Goserelin versus leuprolide in the chemical castration of patients with prostate cancer.

Purpose: To evaluate the relative efficiency of leuprolide 3.75 mg, leuprolide 7.5 mg, and goserelin 3.

Influence of catalyses on the preparation of YVO4:Eu 3+ phosphors by the sol-gel methodology.

YVO(4):Eu(3+) phosphors have been prepared by the hydrolytic sol-gel methodology, with and without alkaline catalyst. The solid powder was obtained by reaction between yttrium III chloride and vanadium alkoxides; the europium III chloride was used as structural probe. The powder was treated at 100, 400, 600, or 800 °C for 4 h.

Cognitive evaluation of elderly people referenced at the family health strategy in a city in Southern Minas Gerais: municipio del Sur de Minas Gerais.

Unlabelled: The objective of this descriptive, quantitative and cross-sectional study was to evaluate the cognition of elderly individuals. The sample consisted of 350 people aged > 60 years.

Instruments: sociodemographic and health questionnaire and MEEM.

[Serratia osteomyelitis and chronic granulomatous disease].

Chronic Granulomatous Disease (CGD) is a primary immunodeficiency disorder characterized by recurrent purulent infections of the skin, lungs, and reticuloendothelial organs, primarily due to staphylococci, enteric bacteria, fungi, and occasionally mycobacteria. More than two thirds of all cases are X-linked and result from defects in the CYBB gene that encodes the gp91-phox subunit of NADPH oxidase. The authors present a case of a three month old child admitted with a metacarpic steomyelitis by Serratia marcescens.

Within-laboratory validation of a multiresidue method for the analysis of 98 pesticides in mango by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

A within-laboratory validation procedure for a selective and sensitive method for the simultaneous determination of 98 pesticide residues in mango is presented. QuEChERS extraction was adapted to laboratory conditions. Mango samples (10 g) mixed with sodium sulfate (4 g) and sodium acetate (1 g) were extracted with acetonitrile/acetic acid (99/1 v/v), cleaned using dispersive solids, and subsequently identified and quantified by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).

Modified technique for the creation of an orthotopic neobladder in patients with shortened mesentery: making up the difference between the bladder and the urethral stump.

Objective: To describe an ileal neobladder reconstruction technique performed in 5 men who had previous abdominal surgeries and presented with a short mesoileum at the time of bladder replacement.

Methods: The patients were 5 men scheduled for a radical cystoprostatectomy with bladder substitution and had a short mesoileum at the time of the surgery. All patients had a history of abdominal surgery.

Behavioral interventions to promote condom use among women living with HIV.

Background: High rates of HIV infection among women of reproductive age have dramatic consequences for personal and public health. Prophylaxis during sexual intercourse in the form of condoms has been the most effective way to prevent both STI and HIV transmission among people living with HIV.

Objectives: To investigate the effectiveness of behavioral interventions in promoting condom use among women living with HIV.

Post-menopausal hormone therapy reduces autoantibodies to oxidized apolipoprotein B100.

The aim of the study was to verify whether post-menopausal hormone replacement therapy (HRT) modifies autoantibody titers against oxidized low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (anti-LDLoxi), against epitopes of oxidized apolipoprotein B100 and common carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) in these women. Sixty-eight women in pre-menopause (PMW) and 216 in post-menopause (POMW) were recruited; eighty-three had undergone HRT for at least 12 months, where 48 received conjugated estrogens alone (EHRT) and 35 received conjugated estrogen and medroxyprogesterone acetate (CHRT). ELISA was used to determine autoantibodies.

Comparison of clinical and pathologic findings of prostate cancers detected through screening versus conventional referral in Brazil.

Introduction: Data regarding prostate cancer screening in Brazil are limited. We compared features of prostate cancers detected through screening versus those referred for treatment in Brazil.

Patients And Methods: Group I included 500 of 13,754 men whose cancers were detected through screening, and Group II included 2731 men referred for treatment through the habitual public health system.

Genetic characterisation of Toxoplasma gondii in wildlife from North America revealed widespread and high prevalence of the fourth clonal type.

Little is known of the genetic diversity of Toxoplasma gondii circulating in wildlife. In the present study wild animals, from the USA were examined for T. gondii infection.

Malnutrition causing neonatal dyslipidemia.

Lipid abnormalities in children have become more common in recent decades. This trend is related to the increase in overweight and obesity. The 2002 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey reported that the percentage of risk for overweight and overweight in children aged > 6 years is 31%, higher than the previous surveys.

A reduction of CETP activity, not an increase, is associated with modestly impaired postprandial lipemia and increased HDL-cholesterol in adult asymptomatic women.

Background: The relationship between CETP and postprandial hyperlipemia is still unclear. We verified the effects of varying activities of plasma CETP on postprandial lipemia and precocious atherosclerosis in asymptomatic adult women.

Methods: Twenty-eight women, selected from a healthy population sample (n = 148) were classified according to three CETP levels, all statistically different: CETP deficiency (CETPd ≤ 4.

Differences and similarities of postprandial lipemia in rodents and humans.

Background: The rat has been a mainstay of physiological and metabolic research, and more recently mice. This study aimed at characterizing the postprandial triglyceride profile of two members of the Muridae family: the Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus albinus) and C57BL/6 mice (Mus musculus) plus comparing them to the profile obtained in humans.

Methods: Thirty-one male and twelve female Wistar rats, ten C57BL/6 male and nine female mice received a liquid meal containing fat (17%), protein (4%) and carbohydrates (4%), providing 2 g fat/Kg.

Occurrence and risk factors associated with infection by Toxoplasma gondii in goats in the State of Alagoas, Brazil.

Introduction: Goats are considered very susceptible to infection by Toxoplasma gondii and when this occurs during pregnancy, it may cause fetal death with subsequent fetal resorption, abortion, mummification, stillborn or the birth of weak goats. The objective of this work was to determine the occurrence of and identify risk factors for T. gondii infection in goats in different mesoregions in the State of Alagoas.

Cholesteryl ester transfer protein: the controversial relation to atherosclerosis and emerging new biological roles.

Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) exerts a profound impact on high-density lipoprotein (HDL) metabolism and, consequently, on the risk of atherosclerosis development and cardiovascular mortality. Here, we review the complex relationship between CETP and atherosclerosis based upon the experimental, clinical, and epidemiological studies. In addition, we discuss the recent findings that expand the functions of CETP to new areas of interest such as Alzheimer's disease, inflammation, and obesity.

[Androgen deprivation therapy and morbid obesity: do they share cardiovascular risk through metabolic syndrome?].

Background: Although the use of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) has resulted in improved survival in men with advanced prostate cancer, the resulting hypogonadism is associated with profound adverse effects comparable to those found in morbid obesity, being cardiovascular risk among the most lethal.

Objectives: Evaluate metabolic syndrome, metabolic abnormalities and cardiovascular risk in patients with prostate cancer under ADT, not under ADT and morbid obese men.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study that involves 79 men presenting prostate cancer, of whom 54 under ADT and 25 not under ADT and 91 morbidly obese patients paired by sex and age.

New highly luminescent hybrid materials: terbium pyridine-picolinate covalently grafted on kaolinite.

Luminescent hybrid materials derived from kaolinite appear as promising materials for optical applications due to their specific properties. The spectroscopic behavior of terbium picolinate complexes covalently grafted on kaolinite and the influence of the secondary ligand and thermal treatment on luminescence are reported. The resulting materials were characterized by thermal analysis, element analysis, X-ray diffraction, infrared absorption spectroscopy, and photoluminescence.

Timing and dose of statin therapy define its impact on inflammatory and endothelial responses during myocardial infarction.

Objective: Clinical trials of statins during myocardial infarction (MI) have differed in their therapeutic regimes and generated conflicting results. This study evaluated the role of the timing and potency of statin therapy on its potential mechanisms of benefit during MI.

Methods And Results: ST-elevation MI patients (n=125) were allocated into 5 groups: no statin; 20, 40, or 80 mg/day simvastatin starting at admission; or 80 mg/day simvastatin 48 hours after admission.