Insecticidal and Repellent Activity of Essential Oil and Its Pure Compounds Against Imported Fire Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae).

Kunth (Piperaceae) essential oil (EO) was evaluated for its toxicity and repellency against red imported fire ants (RIFA), Buren, and a hybrid (HIFA) of red ( and black ( Forel) imported fire ants. Through bioactivity-guided fractionation, two major components, elemicin and myristicin, were isolated from the EO. Removal of treated sand in a digging bioassay was used as the criterion for repellency.

Toxicity and Repellency of (/)-3-Butylidenephthalide: A Natural Compound Isolated from Root Extract Evaluated Against Imported Fire Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae).

Imported fire ants are pests of significant importance, especially in the southern United States. We tested (/)-3-butylidenephthalide, a natural compound that was isolated from the ethanolic extract of roots, as a repellent and toxicant against workers of imported fire ants. A series of serial concentrations, starting from 156 µg/g until failure, were tested using digging bioassays.

Desmin gene expression is not ubiquitous in all upper airway myofibers and the pattern differs between healthy and sleep apnea subjects.

Background: Desmin is a major cytoskeletal protein considered ubiquitous in mature muscle fibers. However, we earlier reported that a subgroup of muscle fibers in the soft palate of healthy subjects and obstructive sleep apnea patients (OSA) lacked immunoexpression for desmin. This raised the question of whether these fibers also lack messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) for desmin and can be considered a novel fiber phenotype.

Temperature-induced effects on development, reproduction, and predation of fed on first instar larvae .

Since metabolism, survival, and reproduction in hexapods are closely related to temperatures; changes in the mean and variance of temperature are major aspects of global climate change. In the typical context of biological control, understanding how predator-prey systems are impacted under thermal conditions can make pest control more effective and resilient. With this view, this study investigated temperature-mediated development and predation parameters of the predator against the potential prey .

Botanical biopesticides have an influence on tomato quality through pest control and are cost-effective for farmers in developing countries.

Synthetic insecticides heavily applied to manage agricultural pests are highly hazardous to the environment and non-target organisms. Their overuse through repeated treatments in smallholder farming communities is frequent. Botanical biopesticides are ideal for sustainable pest management in agricultural environments by keeping synthetic insecticide use at a minimum.

Curcuma longa essential oils: toxicity and repellency against imported fire ants (Formicidae: Hymenoptera).

Curcuma longa L. (Zingiberales: Zingiberaceae) leaf and rhizome essential oils were evaluated for their toxicity and repellency against invasive fire ants: red imported fire ants (RIFA), Solenopsis invicta Buren, black imported fire ants (BIFA), Solenopsis richteri Forel, and a reproductively functional hybrid (HIFA). Ar-turmerone was the major constituent of leaf (42.

Repellency of Carvacrol, Thymol, and Their Acetates against Imported Fire Ants.

In the United States, imported fire ants are commonly referred to as red imported fire ants ( Buren), black imported fire ants ( Forel), and hybrid imported fire ants ( × ). They are significant pests, and their control heavily relies on synthetic insecticides. The extensive use of insecticides has led to public concern about their potential negative effects on human health and the well-being of wildlife and the environment.

Regioselective Claisen-Schmidt Adduct of 2-Undecanone from Thunb as Insecticide/Repellent against and Repositioning Plant Fungicides against .

The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) has established research programs to fight the phytopathogen and the invasive red imported fire ant, .

Essential Oils: Repellency and Toxicity against Imported Fire Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae).

flower essential oils (EOs) blue Egyptian (EO-), chamomile German CO2 (EO-), and chamomile German (EO-) and the pure compound α-bisabolol were evaluated against red imported fire ants (RIFA), Buren, black imported fire ants, Forel (BIFA), and hybrid imported fire ants (HIFA) for their repellency and toxicity. A series of serial dilutions were tested starting from 125 µg/g until the failure of the treatment. Based on the amount of sand removed, EO- showed significant repellency at dosages of 7.

Organic farming of maize crop enhances species evenness and diversity of hexapod predators.

Arthropod species diversity enhances ecosystem productivity and sustainability by increasing pollination and biological control services. Although, it is declining rapidly due to conventional agricultural intensification, organic agriculture with reduced reliance on agronomic inputs can regenerate ecosystems' resilience and restore them. Here, we report whether hexapod communities differ on both types of farming systems in small-scale field plot experiments, wherein Maize variety AG-589 was grown organically and conventionally in the 2020 and 2021 seasons.

Unique fiber phenotype composition and metabolic properties of the stapedius and tensor tympani muscles in the human middle ear.

The middle ear muscles have vital roles, yet their precise function in hearing and protection remains unclear. To better understand the function of these muscles in humans, the morphology, fiber composition, and metabolic properties of nine tensor tympani and eight stapedius muscles were analyzed with immunohistochemical, enzyme-histochemical, biochemical, and morphometric techniques. Human orofacial, jaw, extraocular, and limb muscles were used as references.

Effect of temperature on the life cycle of Harmonia axyridis (Pallas), and its predation rate on the Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) eggs.

Biological control is one of the strategies of pest control which is determined by the biological fitness and metabolic rates of the predator species used. Temperature and resource are important factors which influence the role of insects as biocontrol agents. Harmonia axyridis is a cosmopolitan and non-specific polyphagous predator.

Functional Response of to the Larvae of : The Combined Effect of Temperatures and Prey Instars.

Functional responses are central to predator-prey dynamics and describe how predation varies with prey abundance. Functional responses often are measured without regard to prey size (i.e.

Myopathy of the upper airway in snoring and obstructive sleep apnea.

Objective: Previous reports of muscle changes in the upper airways of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients have primarily been attributed to acquired nerve lesions due to snoring vibrations. The aim of this study was to investigate whether alterations reflecting muscle fiber injuries also occur in the upper respiratory tract of snoring and OSA patients and if these changes relate to upper airway dysfunction.

Methods: Muscle changes in biopsies from the soft palate of 20 patients suffering from snoring and OSA were investigated with enzyme, immunohistochemical, and morphometric techniques.

Hyperhemolysis in the Setting of Mixed-Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia: A Rare Complication of COVID-19.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a novel human pathogen known for its predilection on the respiratory system. Herein, we present a unique case in which a patient developed hyperhemolysis in the setting of mixed autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) secondary to SARS-CoV-2. A 33-years-old male with a past medical history of resolved immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) presented to the hospital with symptoms of jaundice after being infected with SARS-CoV-2.

Neuromyelitis Optica in a Healthy Female After Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 mRNA-1273 Vaccine.

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder is an autoimmune demyelinating disease with high relative prevalence in the East Asian population. Clinical manifestations include optic neuritis, longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis, area postrema syndrome, brainstem syndromes, and diencephalic syndromes. In this case report, we present a case of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder that developed 10 days after the first dose of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 mRNA-1273 vaccine.

A Novel Case of Yamaguchi Syndrome in a Hispanic Male.

Yamaguchi syndrome or apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a unique variant of HCM. It is characterized by localized hypertrophy involving the left ventricular apex rather than the left ventricular septum. This syndrome has been traditionally seen in the Asian population, particularly those of Japanese descent.

A Retrospective Cohort Study on Predictors for Rehospitalizations With Recurrence of Atrial Fibrillation Post-Catheter Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia and is increasing in prevalence due to an aging population. Although medications for rhythm and rate control remain the first-line treatment options for many patients, difficulties can include arrhythmia relapse and drug side effects. Catheter ablation or radiofrequency is an alternative treatment modality that can isolate where ectopic arrhythmic sites originate.

Is All Hypocalcemia Due to Low Parathyroid Hormone?: An Unusual Case of Pseudohypoparathyroidism in a Young and Healthy Patient.

Pseudohypoparathyroidism is a rare disorder that is characterized by hypocalcemia and hyperphosphatemia that are unresponsive to the parathyroid hormone. We present a unique case of pseudohypoparathyroidism seen in a 33-year-old male who presented with abnormal laboratory findings including hypocalcemia, hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, hyperphosphatemia, and positive Trousseau's sign. Pseudohypoparathyroidism is a rare phenomenon, with an estimated prevalence between 0.

Functional response of Harmonia axyridis preying on Acyrthosiphon pisum nymphs: the effect of temperature.

In the current study, we investigated the functional response of Harmonia axyridis adults and larvae foraging on Acyrthosiphon pisum nymphs at temperatures between 15 and 35 °C. Logistic regression and Roger's random predator models were employed to determine the type and parameters of the functional response. Harmonia axyridis larvae and adults exhibited Type II functional responses to A.

Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Pulmonary Hypertension: A Review of Literature.

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a disease process involving recurrent pharyngeal collapse during sleep, resulting in apneic episodes. Clinically, symptoms can include snoring, sudden awakening with a choking-like sensation, excessive somnolence, non-restorative sleep, difficulty in starting or maintaining sleep, and fatigue. It results in impaired gas exchange, subsequently causing various cardiovascular, metabolic, and neurocognitive pathologies.