Measurement of the contralateral breast photon and neutron dose in breast cancer radiotherapy: A Monte Carlo study.

Introduction: This study aimed to calculate the photon and neutron doses received to the contralateral breast (CB) during breast cancer radiotherapy for various field sizes in the presence of a physical wedge.

Materials And Methods: Varian 2100 C/D linear accelerator was simulated using a MCNP4C Monte Carlo code. Then, a phantom of real female chest was simulated and the treatment planning was carried out on tumoral breast (left breast).

Seizure Prevalence and Its Related Factors in Tramadol Intoxication; a Brief Report.

Introduction: Seizure is known to be a serious complication of tramadol consumption even in its therapeutic doses. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of seizure and its related factors in tramadol intoxicated patients referred to emergency department (ED).

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, all individuals, admitted to ED following tramadol intoxication were divided into two groups based on the presence or absence of seizures.

The relationship between B7 homologous 1 with interleukin-4, interleukin-17 and interferon gamma in patients with allergic rhinitis.

: The etiology of allergic rhinitis includes an increase in cytokine levels, including IL- 4, IL-13, IL-17, and reduction in B7 homologous 1 (B7-H1) or programmed cell death-1 ligand-1 (PD-L1), a new member of the CD28: B7 stimulant molecule family. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between cytokines and PD-L1. : In this experimental study, 80 patients with allergic rhinitis were enrolled according to inclusion and exclusion criteria.

An overview on small-field dosimetry in photon beam radiotherapy: Developments and challenges.

Small fields are more repeatedly used for radiation therapy as small segments in intensity-modulated radiotherapy or as in the form of independent fields in stereotactic radiosurgery and other novel equipment such as cyberknife and tomotherapy. Nevertheless, the application of small fields for radiotherapy of lung makes the dose calculation and planning inaccurate due to the existence of electronic disequilibrium and intrinsic deficiencies within most of the analytical dose calculation algorithms. The current review attempts to gather the information in this regard and focuses on the current progresses and retaining issues associated with this type of photon beams.

MEASUREMENT OF THE CONTRALATERAL BREAST PHOTON AND THERMAL NEUTRON DOSES IN BREAST CANCER RADIOTHERAPY: A COMPARISON BETWEEN PHYSICAL AND DYNAMIC WEDGES.

This research aimed to measure the received photon and thermal neutron doses to contralateral breast (CB) in breast cancer radiotherapy for various field sizes in presence of physical and dynamic wedges. The measurement of photon and thermal neutron doses was carried out on right breast region of RANDO phantom (as CB) for 18 MV photon beams. The dose measurements were performed by thermoluminescent dosimeter chips.