Gender-Specific effects of L-arginine supplementation on bone mineral density and trabecular bone volume in Sprague-Dawley rats; stereological study.

Background: L-arginine (Arg) is a semi-essential amino acid that can be used as a key mediator for the release of growth hormone (GH), insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1), and other growth factors. In this study, we comprehensively evaluated the effect of Arg intake on bone growth and associated markers.

Methods: The study involved 24 Sprague-Dawley rats (12 males, 12 females) divided into two groups (Age = 24 days).

The effects of modest intake of soy milk enriched with Lactobacillus casei and omega-3 on the testis parameters in diabetic rats: a stereological study.

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a widely distributed endocrine disorder in the world. Altered reproductive function is a notable long-term consequence of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). In the current study, we assessed the effects of soya milk containing Lactobacillus casei and omega-3 on stereology of testes in type 1 diabetic rats.

The Effects of L-Tartaric Acid on Ovarian Histostereological and Serum Hormonal Analysis in an Animal Model of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine-related reproductive disorder in women of reproductive age, accompanied by both the impairment of female fecundity and a risk of metabolic disorders. PCOS is emphasized as a worldwide concern due to its unknown etiology and lack of specific medications. The current study aimed to evaluate the effects of L-tartaric acid, an abundantly occurring compound in fruits, on the histostereological and hormonal changes caused by PCOS.

Therapeutic potential of aquatic Stevia extract in alleviating endoplasmic reticulum stress and liver damage in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

Background: Misfolded proteins accumulate in the liver due to endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) caused by high blood glucose levels in diabetes. This triggers the unfolded protein response (UPR), which if persistently activated, results in cellular dysfunction. Chronic ER stress increases inflammation, insulin resistance, and apoptosis.

Improvement effects of transplanting pancreatic islet that previously incubated with biomaterials on the diabetic nephropathy in STZ- diabetic rats.

Background: Islet transplantation is an effective treatment for diabetes or even its complications. Aim of this study is to investigate efficacy of biomaterial treated islet transplantation on treating diabetic nephropathy.

Methods: Male rats were randomly divided into 6 groups; Control, diabetic control, diabetic transplanted with untreated islets, with platelet rich plasma treated islets, with pancreatic islets homogenate treated islets, or with these biomaterials combination treated islets.

Therapeutic potential of Lactobacillus casei and Chlorella vulgaris in high-fat diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)-associated kidney damages: a stereological study.

Background: The non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is prevalent in as many as 25% of adults who are afflicted with metabolic syndrome. Oxidative stress plays a significant role in the pathophysiology of hepatic and renal injury associated with NAFLD. Therefore, probiotics such as Lactobacillus casei (LBC) and the microalga Chlorella vulgaris (CV) may be beneficial in alleviating kidney injury related to NAFLD.

Proton-pump inhibitor-induced bone loss is preventable by concomitant use of a long-acting somatostatin analogue.

Objectives: Long-term consumption of pump inhibitors causes osteoporosis. Some possible mechanisms are gastrin over-secretion and hypochlorhydria. Octreotide is a somatostatin analog that inhibits the secretion of many hormones such as gastrin.

Simple methods for cerebrospinal fluid collection in fetal, neonatal, and adult rat.

Background: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) collection and its analysis are common medical practices useful in the diagnosis, therapy, and prevention of central nervous system (CNS) disorders. In recent years, several types of research have improved our insight into CSF and its role in health and disease. Yet, many characteristics of this fluid remain to be fully understood.

Pantoprazole-Induced Bone Loss through Gastrin Secretion: A Stereological Study.

Background: Recent researches have failed to uncover a clear explanation for proton pump inhibitors' bone-loss effects. In light of pantoprazole's effects on gastrin secretion, the goal of this study was to see if it caused bone loss through gastrin secretion.

Methods: Forty male rats were divided into control, octreotide (Oct), pantoprazole (Pan), and pantoprazole plus octreotide (Pan+Oct) groups.

Hydroalcoholic extract of root combined with oil as an alternative for hormone replacement therapy in ovariectomized rats.

Objective: Plant-derived estrogens (phytoestrogens) with structural similarity to primary female sex hormones could be suitable replacements for sex hormones. Therefore, the effects of the licorice root extract and oil on biochemical and hormonal indices in the serum and uterine stereological changes in ovariectomized rats were evaluated.

Design: In this study, 70 adult female rats were randomly divided into seven groups including 1) control group, 2) sham-operated group, 3) ovariectomized (OVX) group, 4) OVX rats that received 1 mg/kg estradiol for 8 weeks at the day of post-operation, 5) OVX rats which received 2.

Recombinant GPEHT Fusion Protein Derived from HTLV-1 Proteins with Alum Adjuvant Induces a High Immune Response in Mice.

The human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is a positive single-stranded RNA virus that belongs to the delta retrovirus family. As a result, a vaccine candidate that can be recognized by B cells and T cells is a good candidate for generating a durable immune response. Further, the GPEHT protein is a multi-epitope protein designed based on the , , , , and proteins of HTLV-1.

Evaluation of morphology and angiogenesis of breast cancer in BALB/c mice using trypsin inhibitor from seeds. and study.

Introduction: Melon seeds, as an excellent source of protease inhibitors, may have a protective role against tumor progression and angiogenesis. However, their effects on angiogenesis and the mechanism of their action against cancer progression remain elusive. This study aimed to investigate the effect of bioactive compounds of melon seed on the expression of angiogenesis genes in BALB/c mice with breast cancer.

Primary hepatocyte urea assessment in the sodium-alginate patterned hydrogel by electrochemical procedure containing umbilical cord conditioned media.

Limitations in liver transplantation and advances in cell therapy methods motivated us to study primary hepatocytes. The main challenge in using primary hepatocytes for liver regeneration is that they lose their functionalities. We aimed to develop a controlled-shape hydrogel and apply the conditioned-media of mesenchymal stromal cells (CM-MSCs) to improve in vitro hepatocyte functions.

The protective effect of L-carnitine on testosterone synthesis pathway, and spermatogenesis in monosodium glutamate-induced rats.

Background: Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is a food ingredient that is increasingly used commercially. MSG leads to oxidative stress, consequently suppressing steroid hormone production that causes defects in male reproductive system. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of L-carnitine as an antioxidant on testicular damage in MSG-induced male rats.

The ameliorative role of specific probiotic combinations on bone loss in the ovariectomized rat model.

Background: Osteoporosis, a skeletal disease described by impaired bone strength, cause an increased risk of fractures. We aimed in this study to clarify which particular wise combination of probiotics has the most beneficial effect in the rat model of osteoporosis.

Methods: Sixty-three mature female Sprague Dawley rats (12-14 weeks old, weight 200 ± 20 g) were ovariectomized and then divided into nine random groups, each group consisting of 7 rats.

Thymoquinone improves folliculogenesis, sexual hormones, gene expression of apoptotic markers and antioxidant enzymes in polycystic ovary syndrome rat model.

Background: Nowadays, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent cause of infertility affecting women of reproductive age around the world. Thymoquinone is a natural antioxidant, derived from Nigella sativa.

Objectives: The current study aimed to evaluate the protective effects of thymoquinone on the detrimental effects of PCOS rats induced with letrozole.

Investigating the Effect of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Licorice Root to Prevent Ovariectomy-Mediated Complications.

Introduction: The importance of women's health and the quality of life after menopause is a critical issue. To prevent disability and menopause complications as well as avoid the side effects of hormone replacement therapy (HRT), in this study, licorice hydroalcoholic extract ( roots) was evaluated as a natural remedy.

Methods: Seventy-two female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into six groups: control group, Sham-operated group, Glycyrrhiza (Gly) 30% group, and ovariectomized group as well as two ovariectomized groups treated with Gly 10% and Gly 30%.

The effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Psidium guajava L. on experimentally induced oral mucosal wound in rat.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the biological effects of hydroalcoholic extract of Psidium guajava L leaves and phenytoin as a standard agent on the induced oral mucosal wound.

Methods: Hundred seventy Sprague Dawley rats were grouped in 5 clusters randomly. Oral mucosal wounds were induced in all rats except for the control group.