Low free testosterone is associated with increased mortality in frail surgical patients.

Background: Preoperative frailty has been associated with adverse postoperative outcomes. Additionally, low testosterone has been associated with physical frailty and cognitive decline. However, the impact of simultaneous frailty and low testosterone on surgical outcomes is understudied.

Prospective Randomized Trial Comparing the Safety and Clarity of Water Versus Saline Irrigant in Ureteroscopy.

Background: Water irrigant is discouraged in ureteroscopy due to risks demonstrated in more invasive endoscopic procedures. However, water is not well studied in ureteroscopy and may provide better visualization than standard saline.

Objective: To determine whether water irrigant increases the risk of hyponatremia compared with saline and provides better visualization in ureteroscopy.