Prevalence of transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis in patients with aortic stenosis.

Background: Transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis (ATTRCA) is a prevalent disease, and it can be associated with heart failure (HF), left ventricle hypertrophy (LVH), atrial fibrillation (AF), and aortic stenosis (AS).

Aim: The study aims to detect the prevalence of ATTRCA in the symptomatic AS population.

Method: A single-center prospective study screening for ATTRCA in patients diagnosed with symptomatic severe AS undergoing aortic valve (AV) intervention.

Exploring the anticancer activities of Sulfur and magnesium oxide through integration of deep learning and fuzzy rough set analyses based on the features of Vidarabine alkaloid.

Drug discovery and development is a challenging and time-consuming process. Laboratory experiments conducted on Vidarabine showed IC 6.97 µg∕mL, 25.

Gynecomastia in adolescent males: current understanding of its etiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment.

Gynecomastia (GM) is a common and continuously evolving condition that commonly occurs during adolescence. It is the source of significant embarrassment and psychological stress in adolescent males. GM is characterized by enlargement of the male breast due to the proliferation of glandular ducts and stromal components.

Idiopathic ketotic hypoglycemia in children: an update.

Idiopathic ketotic hypoglycemia (IKH) is defined as bouts of hypoglycemia with increased blood or urine ketones in certain children after prolonged fasting or during illness. IKH is divided into physiological IKH, which is most frequently observed in normal children with intercurrent acute illness, and pathological IKH, which occurs in children who lack counter-regulatory hormones, have a metabolic disease, or have Silver-Russell syndrome. The typical patient is a young child between the ages of 10 months and 6 years.

Best Practices in Nuclear Imaging for the Diagnosis of Transthyretin Amyloid Cardiomyopathy (ATTR-CM) in KSA: The Eagle Eyes of Local Experts.

Transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy (ATTR-CM) is a complex and serious form of heart failure caused by the accumulation of transthyretin amyloid protein in the heart muscle. Variable symptoms of ATTR-CM can lead to a delayed diagnosis. Recognizing the diagnostic indicators is crucial to promptly detect this condition.

Utilizing convolutional neural networks to classify monkeypox skin lesions.

Monkeypox is a rare viral disease that can cause severe illness in humans, presenting with skin lesions and rashes. However, accurately diagnosing monkeypox based on visual inspection of the lesions can be challenging and time-consuming, especially in resource-limited settings where laboratory tests may not be available. In recent years, deep learning methods, particularly Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), have shown great potential in image recognition and classification tasks.

Graves' Disease in Children: An Update.

Graves' disease (GD) is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism in children. A common GD symptom is a goiter. The usual biochemical profile in children with GD is a decreased thyroid hormone stimulating hormone (TSH) level and high free thyroxine (FT4) and free triiodothyronine (FT3) concentrations.

Endothelial dysfunction in children with newly diagnosed Graves' disease.

The most frequent cause of hyperthyroidism in children is Graves' disease (GD). Vascular endothelium is a specific target of thyroid hormone. The purpose of this study is to assess flow-mediated dilatation (FMD)% and serum von Willebrand factor (vWF) levels in children with newly diagnosed GD to reflect the extent of endothelial dysfunction in those children.

Intermittent treatment with Apremilast, a phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor, ameliorates Alzheimer's-like pathology and symptoms through multiple targeting actions in aged T2D rats.

Background: Apremilast (Apre), a novel phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) inhibitor, has been shown to have anti-inflammatory, immunomodulator, neuroprotective and senolytic properties, therefore, Apre like other PDE4 inhibitors may be a promising candidate for treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of Apre on Alzheimer's like pathology and symptoms in an animal model.

Methods: The effects of Apre and cilostazol, a reference drug, on the behavioral, biochemical, and pathological features of Alzheimer's disease induced by a high-fat/high-fructose diet combined with low-dose streptozotocin (HF/HFr/l-STZ) were investigated.

Ovarian reserve in adolescent girls with autoimmune thyroiditis.

Objective: To assess serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels as an ovarian reserve marker in adolescent girls with autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) and explore the relationship of this marker with autoimmunity and thyroid function biomarkers.

Subjects And Methods: This study included 96 adolescent girls with newly diagnosed AIT and 96 healthy, age- and sex-matched controls. All participants were evaluated with detailed history taking and physical examination, thyroid ultrasound, and measurement of levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxin (FT4), free triiodothyronine (FT3), antithyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAb), antithyroglobulin antibody (TGAb), estradiol, total testosterone, and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels.

Donohue syndrome in an Egyptian infant: a case report.

Objectives: We aim to report a case of Donohue syndrome (DS) which is a rare genetically encoded, autosomal inherited recessive disorder linked with severe insulin-resistant diabetes.

Case Presentation: We hereby report a case of a 4 month -old girl infant with DS. The patient exhibited dysmorphic facial features, severe growth retardation, fasting hypoglycemia, postprandial hyperglycemia, and hyperinsulinemia which are the hallmarks of DS.

Subclinical hyperthyroidism in children.

Subclinical hyperthyroidism (SH) is defined as serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) below the lower limit of the reference range in the presence of normal free T4 and free T3 levels. Depending on the degree of TSH suppression, SH could be defined as mild (TSH, 0.1-0.

Rare sites of metastases in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma and added value of SPECT/CT over planar whole body radioactive iodine scan.

Background: Being aware of the unusual or rare location of thyroid metastases helps in early diagnosis and proper patient management. Rare metastases (RM) can be missed resulting in diagnostic pitfalls and delayed treatment. The use of single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) imaging in the follow-up of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) patients provides precise anatomical localization and characterization of RM that may be missed or misinterpreted in planar whole body iodine-131 (WBI) scan.

Phytochemical investigation, molecular docking studies and DFT calculations on the antidiabetic and cytotoxic activities of Gmelina philippensis CHAM.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Gmelina philippensis CHAM is an ornamental plant that is distributed in South Asia and warm regions of the Mediterranean area. The plant is traditionally applied in folk medicine for the treatment of diabetes.

Aim Of The Study: To evaluate the cytotoxic and the antidiabetic activities of the ethanolic extract of G.

Polyphenols from Conyza dioscoridis (L.) ameliorate Alzheimer's disease- like alterations through multi-targeting activities in two animal models.

Background: Recent investigations suggested that anticancer agents may inhibit the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology. Conyza dioscoridis (L.) was demonstrated to have anticancer, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antidiabetic effects.

Urinary C-peptide creatinine ratio is a significant indicator of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in children with obesity.

Background: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the commonest etiology of chronic hepatic problems in children with obesity. This study aimed to assess whether urinary C-peptide creatinine ratio (UCPCR) might be a potential indicator of NAFLD in obese children.

Methods: The study included 240 children with simple obesity.

Incidence of HPVs, EBV, and MMTV-Like Virus in Breast Cancer in Qatar.

Introduction: Human papillomaviruses (HPVs), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), and mouse mammary tumor virus-like virus (MMTV-like virus) can be present and contribute to breast cancer development and progression. However, the role of these oncoviruses and their crosstalk in breast cancer is still unclear.

Methods: We explored the co-presence of high-risk HPVs, EBV, and MMTV-like virus in 74 breast cancer samples from Qatar using PCR.

Endocrinal dysfunction in children with Down syndrome.

Down syndrome (DS) is the most common genetic disorder in live-born infants. Children with DS are at increased risk of numerous endocrinal comorbidities. The information contained in this article will provide pediatricians with a narrative overview of different presentations, diagnoses, and management recommendations of various endocrinal disorders in children with DS.

Evaluation of the accuracy of multiplex polymerase chain reaction in differentiation between bacterial and viral meningitis.

Background: Meningitis is one of the most dangerous infection affecting children. The need for rapid and accurate diagnosis is mandatory for improving the outcome.

Aim Of The Work: To evaluate the role of multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in diagnosis of meningitis either bacterial or viral and to detect its accuracy.

Advancing combination treatment with cilostazol and caffeine for Alzheimer's disease in high fat-high fructose-STZ induced model of amnesia.

Several studies have suggested that phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitors may be a disease-modifying for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Cilostazol (CSZ) has been shown to be a new treatment for cognitive impairment with limited efficacy. Our aim was to investigate the effect of caffeine on the efficacy of CSZ against STZ-induced type 2 diabetes (T2D)-related cognitive impairment in high fat/high fructose fed rats.