Discovery of Perovskite Cosolvency and Undoped FAPbI Single-Crystal Solar Cells Fabricated in Ambient Air.

We report the cosolvency effect of formamidinium lead triiodide (FAPbI) in a mixture of γ-butyrolactone (GBL) and 2-methoxyethanol (2ME), a phenomenon where FAPbI shows higher solubility in the solvent blend than in either alone. We found that FAPbI exhibits 10× higher solubility in 30% 2ME in GBL than in 2ME alone and 40% higher solubility than in GBL alone at 90 °C. This enhanced solubility is attributed to the disruption of the hydrogen bonding network within 2ME, allowing its hydroxyl and ether groups to interact more freely with the solute.

Association of family history of cardiovascular disease with the prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors in young adults in the United Arab Emirates: The UAE healthy future study.

Introduction: Family history of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is an independent risk factor for coronary heart disease, and the risk increases with number of family members affected. It offers insights into shared genetic, environmental and lifestyle factors that influence heart disease risk. In this study, we aimed to estimate the association of family history of CVD and its risk factors, as well as the number of affected parents or siblings, with the prevalence of major cardiometabolic risk factors (CRFs) such as hypertension, dysglycemia, dyslipidemia and obesity in a sample of young adults.

Lantana camara plant extract catalyzed biosynthesis of graphene-metal nanocomposites with potential cytotoxic activities.

This study investigates the synthesis and characterization of Plant-Ag-graphene nanocomposites through a combination of spectroscopic and microscopic techniques, the nanocomposites were formed by catalyzing silver nanoparticles with plant extracts, and the resulting structures were analyzed using advanced instrumentation. In the FTIR analysis, distinctive peaks were observed at 3340 cm⁻1 (O-H stretching), 1740 cm⁻1 (C = O stretching), and 1050 cm⁻1. When compared to silver nanoparticles, the nanocomposites exhibited altered peak intensities, indicating modifications in chemical bonding.

Unveiling the neuroprotective potential of Ipomoea carnea ethanol extract via the modulation of tau and β-secretase pathways in AlCl-induced memory impairment in rats in relation to its phytochemical profiling.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a widespread condition that affects adults and the community considerably. The causes are yet unknown, except from advanced age and genetic predisposition. Natural products provided advantageous advantages for managing AD due to their efficacy, safety, and accessibility.

Fractal Dimension Analysis of Peripapillary Microvasculature in Primary Congenital Glaucoma.

Precis: In this prospective multicenter study, eyes with primary congenital glaucoma exhibited lower retinal vascular parameters compared to healthy controls, as assessed by optical coherence tomography angiography fractal dimension analysis.

Purpose: To study the retino-choroidal peripapillary microvascular pattern in primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) using fractal dimension (FD) analysis and compare it to healthy controls.

Methods: This was a prospective multicenter comparative study.

Comparison of antibiotic provision associated with acute sore throat symptom management in community pharmacies in Wales and England: a natural policy experiment.

Background: Acute sore throat is managed in community pharmacies in England and Wales under different clinical pathways: Acute Sore Throat Pharmacy First (ASTPF) and Sore Throat Test and Treat (STTT), respectively. ASTPF launched in 2024 and allows antibiotic supply with FeverPAIN scores 4 and 5. STTT launched in 2018 and allows antibiotic supply with FeverPAIN ≥2 or Centor ≥3, if point-of-care testing confirms presence of group A Streptococcus (GAS).

External validation of web-based calculator to predict cesarean delivery after induction of labor.

Objective: To externally validate a prediction model for the risk of a cesarean section after induction of labor (IOL) using a web-based cesarean risk calculator in a tertiary perinatal center and to compare the performance of three calculators in predicting the cesarean risk after IOL based on their sensitivity and specificity.

Methods: This was a prospective observational study of 577 women over a period of 1 year at a tertiary perinatal center in India. Women with singleton-term pregnancies with intact membranes that underwent induction were included.

Control-Informed Reinforcement Learning for Chemical Processes.

This work proposes a control-informed reinforcement learning (CIRL) framework that integrates proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control components into the architecture of deep reinforcement learning (RL) policies, incorporating prior knowledge from control theory into the learning process. CIRL improves performance and robustness by combining the best of both worlds: the disturbance-rejection and set point-tracking capabilities of PID control and the nonlinear modeling capacity of deep RL. Simulation studies conducted on a continuously stirred tank reactor system demonstrate the improved performance of CIRL compared to both conventional model-free deep RL and static PID controllers.

How do social norms influence the sexual and reproductive health of very young adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa? A scoping review protocol.

Introduction: Introduction Very young adolescents (VYAs, aged 10-14 years) in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) have the worst sexual and reproductive health (SRH) outcomes of this age group worldwide due to structural, behavioural, socioeconomic and other factors. Social and gender norms have important consequences for the SRH and wellbeing of VYAs both now and over their life course. SRH programming often focuses on older adolescents (aged 15-19 years), overlooking younger ones.

Recurrent Seizures in an Adolescent Female With Extensive Intracranial Calcifications: A Case Report of Fahr's Syndrome Secondary to Hypoparathyroidism.

Fahr's syndrome is a rare, progressive, neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by bilateral and symmetrical calcifications over the basal ganglia and other parts of the brain, leading to a wide range of clinical manifestations ranging from neurologic symptoms of movement disorders, seizures, and cerebellar dysfunction to neuropsychiatric symptoms such as dementia, psychosis, and mood disorders. The widespread calcific deposits within the brain tissue that characterize Fahr's syndrome develop secondary to different underlying conditions such as parathyroid disorders, brain infections, and toxic exposures. Hypoparathyroidism, a rare disorder of calcium and phosphate metabolism, is the most commonly identified etiology of Fahr's syndrome.

Intention to use personal health records and associated factors among healthcare providers in southwest Oromia region referral hospitals, Ethiopia: using the modified unified theory of acceptance and use technology 2 model.

Introduction: A well-informed decision needs the collection of accurate and organized data, which is becoming more essential in the healthcare industry due to the increasing integration of various technologies. The literature has revealed that the magnitude of intention to use personal health records among healthcare providers is low. Consequently, this study aimed to assess healthcare providers' intentions to use personal health records and its factors in Ethiopia.

Comprehensive review on the environmental remediation of pharmaceuticals in water by adsorption.

Pharmaceuticals in polluted water can harm humans, animals, and marine life. Pharmaceuticals undergo degradation and give secondary products that are more toxic, so their infiltration becomes life-threatening and life-saving if not properly disposed of. Among various processes such as membrane filtration, advanced oxidation processes, biodegradation, etc, adsorption is considered the most appropriate for efficiently removing pharmaceuticals from water.

Effect on Timing of Free Flap Breast Reconstruction on Mastectomy Skin Necrosis.

Background:  Deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap is a common autologous breast reconstruction option. DIEP flap may be performed immediately on the day of mastectomy (immediate DIEP) or at a later date typically following placement of a tissue expander during mastectomy (delayed-immediate DIEP). Preparing internal mammary vessels during microsurgical anastomoses involves prolonged retraction of the breast skin flaps, which can increase tension on acutely ischemic mastectomy skin.

Erector spinae plane block versus transversus abdominis plane block for analgesia after cesarean section: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Peripheral abdominal nerve blocks are key components of multimodal analgesia, enhancing recovery after cesarean sections. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess analgesic efficacy of Erector Spinae Plane Block (ESPB) versus Transversus Abdominis Plane Block (TAPB) under ultrasound guidance following Cesarean Section (CS) under spinal anesthesia.

Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and ISI Web of Science to identify relevant trials.

Treatment of corticosteroid-induced myopathy through Filgrastim induced endogenous stem cells mobilization in male albino rats.

Introduction: One of well-known exogenous fluorinated glucocorticoid that is used to treat inflammatory and various autoimmune illnesses is dexamethasone. Dexamethasone is known to cause skeletal muscular weakness and when used for an extended period of time, skeletal muscle undergoes atrophy. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) is a glycoprotein that helps mobilize stem cells from bone marrow into peripheral circulation.

Severity of Rheumatic Mitral Stenosis: A Comparative Study of Mitral Leaflet Separation Index versus Mitral Valve Area.

Introduction: Assessing the severity of mitral stenosis (MS) is crucial for predictive and therapeutic purposes. While methods like planimetry and Pressure half time (PHT) are considered gold standard for measuring mitral valve area (MVA), they can be operator-dependent or influenced by hemodynamic factors. Our study evaluates the accuracy of mitral leaflet separation index (MLSI) as an alternative tool for assessing rheumatic MS severity, considering its independence from hemodynamic variations.

Trophoblastic tumor in perimenopausal women: A case report and literature review.

Background And Importance: Placental site trophoblastic tumor (PSTT) a rare form of gestational trophoblastic disease, originates from intermediate trophoblastic cells and presents with nonspecific symptoms, complicating diagnosis. PSTT primarily affects women of childbearing age, but occurrences in perimenopausal women are exceptionally rare.

Case Presentation: We report a case of a 54-year-old perimenopausal woman presenting with a two-month history of abnormal uterine bleeding.

Understanding diagnostic delays among newly diagnosed breast cancer patients at a tertiary cancer care center in a low-middle-income country like Bangladesh.

Breast cancer poses a significant health challenge for women globally, with survival rates varying widely between and within countries. The correlation between delayed diagnosis and lower survival rates is well-established, emphasizing the importance of addressing barriers to early presentation to improve survival rates in low-middle-income countries like Bangladesh. The objective of the study was to assess how often breast cancer patients present late, pinpoint the underlying reasons for the delay, and examine any potential links between delayed presentation and socio-demographic factors in our context.

Psychological stress associated with prognostic uncertainties in recently diagnosed Parkinson's disease patients: A qualitative study.

Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder that negatively impacts thousands of patients in Canada. The unexpected nature of PD is associated with a decline in mental health. The highest level of psychological stress occurs during the early years following the diagnosis.

Advancing the Accuracy of Anti-MRSA Peptide Prediction Through Integrating Multi-Source Protein Language Models.

The emergence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) as a recognized cause of community-acquired and hospital infections has brought about a need for the efficient and accurate identification of peptides with anti-MRSA properties in drug discovery and development pipelines. However, current experimental methods often tend to be labor- and resource-intensive. Thus, there is an immediate requirement to develop practical computational solutions for identifying sequence-based anti-MRSA peptides.