Classical prone percutaneous nephrolithotomy in a solitary functioning kidney with severe kyphoscoliosis.

Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) is one of the important options in the management of large (>2 cms) and complex renal calculi. Traditionally the prone position has been used to access the pelvicaliceal system. It has its advantages and disadvantages as well.

Renal endometriosis mimicking a renal tumor in a pregnant patient.

Renal endometriosis, if progressed is a serious localization of disease burden that can lead to urinary tract obstruction, with subsequent hydronephrosis leading to potential kidney loss. Diagnosis is elusive and relies heavily on clinical suspicion as endometriosis can occur with both minimal and extensive disease. Management technique varies but the goal is to salvage renal function and disease burden.

Comparative study of inverting sutureline versus over and over continuous suturing in hypospadias repair.

Background: Hypospadias is one of the most common congenital anomalies of the male newborns affecting 1 in 300. Urethral meatus lies ectopically on the ventral surface of penis proximal to its normal position. There is defective development of urethral spongiosum and ventral prepuce.

Frequency of otitis media in patients of nasal polypi.

Background: Otitis media is a common disease encountered in ENT practice. Its incidence has fallen in the developed world. It is expected that nasal polypi causes Eustachian tube dysfunction which in turn leads to negative middle ear pressure causing to develop otitis media with effusion or recurrent otitis media.

Nosocomial uropathogens and their antibiotic sensitivity patterns in a tertiary referral teaching hospital in Rawalpindi, Pakistan.

Background: Nosocomial urinary tract infections (NUTIs) are by definition not present at admission of a patient and are acquired during hospitalisation. The objective of this study was to study the uropathogens and their antibiotic sensitivity patterns in hospital acquired urinary tract infections presenting in a teaching hospital.

Methodology: It was a retrospective descriptive study carried out at the Department of Pathology, Fauji Foundation Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan, during the year 2009.