Exploring the potential of soapstock over a glycerol in vitamin K2 production by Bacillus subtilis natto: a comparative analysis.

Background: Vitamin K2 is an essential nutrient for blood coagulation and cardiovascular health and mainly produced by bacteria strain like B. subtilis. researchers have explored producing strain improvement, cultivation mode, environmental optimization, increased secretion, and using cheaper carbon and nitrogen sources in order to increase vitamin K2 productivity.

Drug utilization 75% (DU75%) in 17 European hospitals (2000-2005): results from the ESAC-2 Hospital Care Sub Project.

The study aimed to assess 75% of drug utilization (DU75%) in participating hospitals and identify quality indicators which should be used to monitor performance within the hospitals. In the European Surveillance of Antimicrobial Consumption (ESAC; http://www.esac.

The European surveillance of antimicrobial consumption (ESAC) point-prevalence survey of antibacterial use in 20 European hospitals in 2006.

Background: Point-prevalence surveys have been used to document antimicrobial use in hospitals for >20 years. However, published surveys are inconsistent with respect to population, indication, and the details of therapy that were included. We aimed to standardize a method for surveillance of antibacterial use in hospitals from different health care systems and to identify targets for quality improvement.

Outpatient antibiotic use in the four administrations of the UK: cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis.

Objectives: We compared community antibiotic use in the four administrations of the UK with that in other European countries.

Patients And Methods: A cross-sectional analysis of 24 European countries and UK administrations in 2005 with longitudinal analysis of data from Belgium and UK from 1997 was performed. Antibiotic use was measured as defined daily doses per 1000 inhabitants per day (DID) or as prescriptions or packages per 1000 inhabitants per day (PID) with aggregate data from patients who received antibiotics in the primary care or outpatient setting.

Outcomes of an intervention to improve hospital antibiotic prescribing: interrupted time series with segmented regression analysis.

Objectives: To evaluate an intervention to reduce inappropriate use of key antibiotics with interrupted time series analysis.

Methods: The intervention is a policy for appropriate use of Alert Antibiotics (carbapenems, glycopeptides, amphotericin, ciprofloxacin, linezolid, piperacillin-tazobactam and third-generation cephalosporins) implemented through concurrent, patient-specific feedback by clinical pharmacists. Statistical significance and effect size were calculated by segmented regression analysis of interrupted time series of drug use and cost for 2 years before and after the intervention started.