Inhibitory effects of nafcillin and diosmin on biofilm formation by Salmonella Typhimurium.

Objective: The foodborne pathogen Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium causes self-limiting gastroenteritis in humans and is difficult to eliminate due to its ability to adhere to surfaces and form biofilms that exhibit high resistance to antimicrobial agents. To explore alternative strategies for biofilm treatment, it is essential to investigate novel agents that inhibit Salmonella biofilms.

Method: In this study, we investigated the minimum biofilm inhibitory concentrations (MBICs) and minimum biofilm eradication concentrations (MBECs) of nafcillin and diosmin, both previously identified as Lon protease inhibitors, against biofilms formed by S.

Targeting lon protease to inhibit persister cell formation in Typhimurium: a drug repositioning approach.

Objective: Persister cells are a specific subset of bacteria capable of surviving exposure to lethal doses of antibiotics, leading to antibiotic therapy failures and infection relapses. This research explores the utilization of drug repositioning to target the Lon protease in Typhimurium.

Method: In this study, FDA-approved drugs sourced from the Drug Bank database were screened to identify existing pharmaceuticals with the potential to combat the Lon protease.

Virulence Genes and Biofilm Formation Among Legionella pneumophila Isolates Collected from Hospital Water Sources.

Legionella pneumophila can be transmitted to people, especially immunocompromised patients, via hospital water pipe systems and cause severe pneumonia. The aim of our study was to investigate the presence of major virulence factor genes, ability of biofilms formation, and correlation between presence of Legionella isolates and temperature, pH, and residual chlorine of water. Hundred water samples were collected from nine hospitals in Tehran, Iran.

Prevalence of in clinical and environmental isolates, a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: infection is one of the most common causes of non-tuberculosis mycobacterial (NTM) disease worldwide. However, accurate information on the global prevalence of this bacterium is lacking. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of in clinical and environmental isolates.

The Effect of Bacterial Composition Shifts in the Oral Microbiota on Alzheimer's Disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD), a neurological disorder, despite significant advances in medical science, has not yet been definitively cured, and the exact causes of the disease remain unclear. Due to the importance of AD in the clinic, large expenses are spent annually to deal with this neurological disorder, and neurologists warn of an increase in this disease in elderly in the near future. It has been believed that microbiota dysbiosis leads to Alzheimer's as a multi-step disease.

Genotyping of Listeria monocytogenes isolates by high-resolution melting curve (HRM) analysis of tandem repeat locus.

Listeria monocytogenes is responsible for causing listeriosis, a type of food poisoning with high mortality. This bacterium is mainly transmitted to humans through the consumption of contaminated foods. Detection of L.

and SARS-CoV-2 Coinfections: A Review.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is still one of the most important causes of death worldwide. The lack of timely attention on TB diagnosis and treatment during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is a potential threat to health issues and may have severe consequences for patients and health systems. There is not much information on the management of TB during this period.

Isolation of persister cells within the biofilm and relative gene expression analysis of type II toxin/antitoxin system in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates in exponential and stationary phases.

Objectives: Chronic infections and treatment failure are concerning issues in patients with Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections. Persister cell formation in biofilm is considered a key reason for antibiotic resistance and treatment failure. In this study, expression of type II toxin/antitoxin (TA) system genes (relBE, Xre-COG5654, vapBC and Xre-GNAT) in persister cells of biofilm was evaluated in the presence of the antibiotics ciprofloxacin and colistin during exponential and stationary phases.

Interesting probiotic traits of mother's milk Lactobacillus isolates; from bacteriocin to inflammatory bowel disease improvement.

Aims And Background: Lactobacillus spp. are an important element in breast milk. This component has a beneficial effect on the composition of the intestinal microflora and the intestinal immune system.

Evaluation of gene expression and protein structural modeling involved in persister cell formation in Salmonella Typhimurium.

Persisters are phenotypic variants of the bacterial population that survive against lethal doses of bactericidal antibiotics.These phenotypes are created in numerous bacterial species, including those of clinical significance, such as Salmonella Typhimurium. Since persister cells are associated with the failure of antibiotic treatment and infection recurrence, it is crucial to identify the mechanisms that influence the formation of these cells.

Successful Management of Pan-Resistant Meningitis without Intrathecal or Intraventricular Antibiotic Therapy in a Neonate.

is one of the most important etiologies of nosocomial infections in recent years mainly because of increasing in frequency of multidrug and pan-resistant pathogens. Meningitis caused by this organism is a dilemma; because polymyxins are the only effective antibiotics against pan-resistant serotypes, but have poor penetration via blood brain barrier; however, it has still remained uncertain whether the intravenous therapy with these agents is an effective treatment with the sufficient concentration of the drug in the cerebrospinal fluid. Herein, we report a neonate who suffered from pan-resistant nosocomial meningitis successfully treated with intravenous colistin combined with meropenem and rifampin.

Effects of sub-inhibitory concentrations of antibiotics and oxidative stress on the expression of type II toxin-antitoxin system genes in Klebsiella pneumoniae.

Objectives: Sub-inhibitory concentrations (sub-MICs) of antibiotics reflect the conditions that bacteria encounter in tissues and the natural environment. Sub-MICs of antibiotics can induce stress and alter the expression of different bacterial genes. Bacteria react to stress conditions using different mechanisms, one of which is the toxin-antitoxin (TA) system.

Mycobacterium avium complex infection in patients with human immunodeficiency virus: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex (MAC) is one of the leading causes of death among people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The current study was aimed to determine the frequency of MAC infection in patients infected with HIV.

Methods: Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science were searched for relevant studies.

Molecular investigation of virulence factors of Brucella melitensis and Brucella abortus strains isolated from clinical and non-clinical samples.

Brucella is zoonotic pathogen that induces abortion and sterility in domestic mammals and chronic infections in humans called Malta fever. It is a facultative intracellular potential pathogen with high infectivity. The virulence of Brucella is dependent upon its potential virulence factors such as enzymes and cell envelope associated virulence genes.

Molecular prevalence of putative virulence-associated genes in Brucella melitensis and Brucella abortus isolates from human and livestock specimens in Iran.

Molecular prevalence of nine putative virulence factors in two more prevalent Brucella species in Iranian patients and livestock was investigated. During five years (2010-2015), 120 human and animal specimens were collected from three geographical areas of Iran. All samples were cultured in blood culture media and subcultured into Brucella agar medium.