Medication adherence, sensory attributes, and adverse effects of intranasal corticosteroids in allergic rhinitis patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Intranasal corticosteroid (INCS) remains the primary treatment for allergic rhinitis (AR). Understanding adherence, safety concerns and sensory preferences is crucial for optimal care.

Objective: This review aims to determine medication adherence, sensory attributes and adverse effects of INCS in AR patients.

Axillary Metastasis as the Initial Presentation of Recurrent Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma.

The recurrence of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is either at the local primary site or at regional or distant metastases. However, an axillary metastasis is a rare entity in NPC. We highlighted a case of recurrent NPC that presented with axillary swelling as the main initial complaint.

The Nasal Endoscopic Features of Postnasal Drip: A Cross Sectional Study.

 Patients with chronic rhinitis suffer from postnasal drip (PND) but this symptom is not well addressed. Nasal endoscopy may aid in identifying PND. Well described endoscopic features of PND are presence of secretions in the posterior nasal cavity, diffuse erythema, and hemorrhagic spots in the nasopharynx, but these have not been formally studied.

Smell Outcome and Seropositivity Titre in Post-COVID-19 Patients.

Introduction: The aims of the study were to perform an olfactory assessment on patients active and post-COVID-19 using the culturally adapted Malaysian version Sniffin' Sticks identification smell test (mSS-SIT), to evaluate the patient olfactory outcome using a Malay short version of the Questionnaire of Olfactory Disorders-Negative Statements (msQOD-NS), as well as to evaluate seropositive titre (IgG) response using automated serology method.

Methods: Score for mSS-SIT was performed during the hospitalization, when patients had tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 (during COVID-19), and repeated after they had tested negative (after COVID-19). Also, each patient completed msQOD-NS and serology SARS-CoV-2 antibodies blood test was evaluated.

Rare Extranodal Manifestation of Rosai-Dorfman Disease Presenting as Nasal Obstruction and its Management.

Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD) is a rare and benign lymphoproliferative disorder that commonly presents as painless, bilateral neck swelling. Extranodal presentations are considered rare, but the most common extranodal locations involved include skin, subcutaneous followed by nasal/paranasal sinuses. Although it is a benign condition, it may be mistaken as a malignant lesion and requires a biopsy for diagnostic confirmation.

Brain waves spectral analysis of human responses to odorous and non-odorous substances: a preliminary study.

Objective: The aim of this study was to identify the potential electrophysiological biomarkers of human responses by comparing the electroencephalogram brain wave changes towards lavender versus normal saline in a healthy human population.

Method: This study included a total of 44 participants without subjective olfactory disturbances. Lavender and normal saline were used as the olfactory stimulant and control.

Immunomodulatory Role of Vitamin D on Gut Microbiome in Children.

Vitamin D plays a role in regulating the immune system and can be linked to the alteration of the gut microbiome, which leads to several immunological diseases. This systematic review aims to explore the relationship between Vitamin D and children's gut microbiome, as well as its impact towards the immune system. We have systematically collated relevant studies from different databases concerning changes in the gut microbiome of children from infants to 18 years old associated with Vitamin D and the immunological pathways.

Mucosal brushings for nasal specific IgE to predict house dust mite driven allergic rhinitis.

Background: Skin prick testing and serological identification of allergen specific immunoglobulin E (spIgE) are standard tests for allergic rhinitis but can only identify systemic responses. In contrast, nasal allergen challenge (NAC), directly assess localized nasal mucosal reactivity, but is time consuming. Identification of spIgE from nasal brushings (nasal spIgE) is an alternative technique.

Volumetric evaluation of the sphenoid sinus among different races in the Southeast Asian (SEA) population: a computerized tomography study.

The fundament of forensic science lies in identifying a body. The morphological complexity of the paranasal sinus (PNS), which varies greatly amongst individual, possess a discriminatory value that potentially contributes to the radiological identification. The sphenoid bone represents the keystone of the skull and forms part of the cranial vault.

Diagnostic Value and Clinical Application of Nasal Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide in Subjects with Allergic Rhinitis.

Purpose: Nitric oxide (NO) is a potential marker in the diagnosis and monitoring of treatment for the management of patients with allergic rhinitis (AR). The study aimed to determine the value of nasal fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) in the diagnosis and treatment response of AR patients.

Methods: The participants were divided into control and allergic rhinitis groups based on the clinical symptoms and skin prick tests.

Management of Traumatic and Non-Traumatic Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea-Experience from Three Southeast Asian Countries.

Background: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea requires proper management to avoid disastrous consequences. The objectives of this study were to ascertain the patient characteristics, etiologies, sites of defect, skull base configurations, methods of investigation, and management outcomes of CSF rhinorrhea.

Methods: A retrospective study was performed over 4 years involving three surgeons from Malaysia, Singapore, and Thailand.

Keeping in Mind Its Synchronous Features, Is Sinonasal Inverted Papilloma Always Benign?

Sinonasal inverted papilloma (SNIP) is a rare benign tumor of paranasal sinuses. SNIP is known to be locally aggressive, with high rates of recurrence and a high potential for malignant transformation. We present a patient who presented with right-sided cheek pain and swelling for two weeks.

Radiological anatomical variations of the lateral nasal wall and anterior skull base amongst different populations: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: To determine the anatomical variations of the lateral nasal wall and anterior skull base amongst populations in different geographical regions.

Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods: Using PRISMA guidelines, SCOPUS and PUBMED databases were searched from inception until 1 March 2022.

Efficacy of topical tranexamic acid to reduce bleeding in endoscopic sinus surgery for chronic rhinosinusitis with polyposis.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of topical tranexamic acid (TXA) in reducing intraoperative and immediate postoperative bleeding during functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) among patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP).

Methods: This is a double-blind randomized clinical trial, involving 26 patients with CRSwNP, who underwent FESS for failed medical therapy. The intervention nostril was packed with ribbon gauze soaked in 500 mg/5 ml TXA.

Reflux Finding Score Using HD Video Chromoendoscopy: A Diagnostic Adjunct in Suspected Laryngopharyngeal Reflux?

Objective: To explore the use of real-time virtual chromoendoscopy (i-scan) in characterizing the mucosal changes present in subjects with suspected laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) and to compare the inter-rater and intra-rater agreement of Reflux Finding Scores (RFS) from both laryngologists and general otolaryngologists (ORL) observing exams using both white light endoscopy (WLE) and i-scan.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study that included 66 subjects: 46 symptomatic and 20 asymptomatic of suspected LPR based on the reflux symptom index (RSI). Subjects underwent flexible video laryngoscopic evaluation of the larynx utilising both WLE and i-scan during one continuous exam.

Malaysian Version of the Sniffin' Sticks Identification Smell Test: Cutoff Points of Hyposmia.

Introduction: Cultural backgrounds can influence the smell test because of the unfamiliarity of different populations with a number of odorants. The study aims to determine the cutoff points for hyposmia using the cultural adaptation of the Malaysian version of the Sniffin' Sticks identification smell test among different age groups.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, healthy participants were recruited from a hospital, senior citizen homes, and schools from 2019 until 2021.

Evaluation of previous management against a developed clinical pathway for chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis in Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Center.

The study aims to evaluate previous management of CRSwNP patients in Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Center (UKMMC) against a developed CP.Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP) has high economic burden and impacts patient's quality of life. Implementation of clinical pathway (CP) can standardize care while optimizing resources.

Adaptation, Translation and Validation of the Food Allergy Quality of Life Questionnaire-Parent Form (FAQLQ-PF): The Malay Version.

Food allergy has a significant impact on the quality of life (QoL) of children and can be measured using The Food Allergy Quality of Life Questionnaire-Parent Form (FAQLQ-PF). This study aimed to adapt, translate the FAQLQ-PF into Malay and determine the validity and reliability of the translated version. This cross-sectional questionnaire validation study was conducted among parents of children (0 to 12 years old) with food allergies across five sites in Selangor and Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Normative data of olfactory abilities using cultural adaption Sniffin' sticks smell test in different age groups.

Objectives: To assess olfactory abilities using a culturally adapted Sniffin' Sticks smell test in different age groups.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study, conducted at Otorhinolaryngology outpatient clinic of Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Secondary Science School, and Children Learning Centre in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, from August 2019 until December 2021.

Results: In 450 healthy participants, the cut-off points of the threshold discrimination identification (TDI) scores at the 10th percentile for olfactory abilities were 19 in children, 30.

Intractable Sneezing Unfolding a Hideous Truth.

Intractable sneezing is a diagnosis of exclusion and is mostly psychogenic. We reported a case of an 11-year-old girl who presented with uncontrollable bouts of sneezing for three weeks, which did not respond to conventional treatment. She was eventually diagnosed to have psychogenic intractable sneezing, which was triggered by an unfortunate family circumstance.

Migratory Fish Bone Presented With Extensive Surgical Subcutaneous Emphysema: A Case Report.

Background: Fishbone ingestion represents a common cause for emergency department (ED) referral. In the majority of cases, an observed fishbone can be easily retrieved in the clinic setting. An impacted fishbone in the throat, albeit uncommon, carries potential risks of life-threatening events.

Recurrent Nasal Septal Hematoma and Abscess: A Rare Manifestation of Leukemia.

Nasal septal abscess and hematoma are rare clinical entities. To the best of our knowledge, there have only been 2 cases of nasal septal abscess associated with haematological malignancy reported in the literature. Herein, we present a unique case of recurrent spontaneous nasal septal hematoma and abscess in a patient prior to and after the diagnosis of acute myelogenous leukemia.

An Unusual Cause of Recurrent Epistaxis: Nasal Leech Infestation.

Though a common symptom, epistaxis should never be overlooked as the implications may be consequential. Nasal leech infestation represents an unusual etiology of recurrent epistaxis. The leeches release enzymes to anaesthetize the attachment site to facilitate the feeding process.