Cerebral Folate Transport Deficiency in 2 Cases with Intractable Myoclonic Epilepsy.

Cerebral folate transport deficiency due to folate receptor 1 gene (FOLR1) gene mutation results from impaired folate transport across the blood: choroidplexus: cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) barrier. This leads to low CSF 5-methyltetrahydrofolate, the active folate metabolite. We are reporting two children with this treatable cerebral folate transport deficiency.

Diminished accuracy of biomarkers of fibrosis in low replicative chronic hepatitis B.

Background: We evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of aspartate aminotransferase (AST)-to-platelet ratio index (APRI), fibrosis-4 index (FIB-4), AST/alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ratio (AAR), and age-platelet index (API) for significant fibrosis (Metavir F2-4) in low-replicative (HBV DNA <20,000 IU/mL) chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) patients.

Methods: The sensitivity, specificity, and area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of HBeAg-negative, low-replicative (n = 213) and high-replicative (HBV DNA ≥20,000 IU/mL, n = 153) patients was assessed.

Results: Overall, 113 patients (30.

Depression and cigarette smoking behavior: A critical review of population-based studies.

Background: Smoking and depression are both leading causes of disability, mortality and morbidity around the world. Using epidemiologic data to study the association between depression and the severity, course, and persistence of smoking in the general population is important for understanding the scope of the problem of smoking among people with depression.

Objectives: The current paper aims to critically review existing epidemiologic research on the smoking behaviors of persons with depressive symptoms and disorders and to identify gaps in the literature that warrant further study.

Depression and the risk of severe infections: prospective analyses on a nationwide representative sample.

Background: Preliminary research suggests an association between depression and subsequent increased risk of infections, yet little is known on this topic. This study investigated the association between depression and risk of various types of infections, including temporal and dose-response relationships.

Methods: A prospective population-based study including 976,398 individuals, of whom 142,169 had a history of depression between 1995 and 2012, was conducted using linked Danish registries.

Big five personality factors and cigarette smoking: a 10-year study among US adults.

The present study examined the relation between the big five personality traits and any lifetime cigarette use, progression to daily smoking, and smoking persistence among adults in the United States (US) over a ten-year period. Data were drawn from the Midlife Development in the US (MIDUS) I and II (N = 2101). Logistic regression was used to examine the relationship between continuously measured personality factors and any lifetime cigarette use, smoking progression, and smoking persistence at baseline (1995-1996) and at follow-up (2004-2006).

Childhood maltreatment and the persistence of smoking: a longitudinal study among adults in the US.

The current study examined the relationship between childhood maltreatment-emotional, physical, and severe physical maltreatment-and the initiation and persistence of smoking. Data were drawn from the Midlife Development in the United States (MIDUS) Survey Waves 1 and 2. Frequency of childhood emotional, physical, and severe physical maltreatment (never, rare, intermittent, frequent) reported at Wave 1 was examined in relation to ever smoking, smoking daily, and persistent daily smoking at Waves 1 and 2.

A 10-year prospective study of respiratory disease and depression and anxiety in adulthood.

Background: Several cross-sectional studies have found an association between respiratory disease and increased mood or anxiety disorders among adults. Little is known about the nature of these associations over time or the role of potential confounders in these links.

Objectives: To investigate the association between respiratory disease and incident and persistent depression or anxiety disorders 10 years later and to examine potential pathways of these associations.

Anxiety disorders and risk of self-reported ulcer: a 10-year longitudinal study among US adults.

Objective: Previous epidemiologic studies have documented a link between anxiety disorders and ulcer among adults. Few studies have examined these associations over time and little is understood about the pathways underlying these relationships.

Method: Data were drawn from n = 2101 adult participants in the Midlife Development in the United States I and II.

Secondhand smoke exposure across the life course and the risk of adult-onset depression and anxiety disorder.

Introduction: The aim of this paper was to investigate the association between childhood and adulthood exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) and depression, panic attack, and generalized anxiety disorder among adults in the United States over a 10-year period.

Methods: Data were drawn from the Midlife Development in the United States (MIDUS) Waves 1 and 2 (N=2053). Self-reported childhood and adulthood SHS exposure at Wave 1 (1994) was examined in relation to incident depression, panic attack, and generalized anxiety disorder 10 years later at Wave 2 (2005).

Hookah use among college students: prevalence, drug use, and mental health.

Background: There is consistent evidence that hookah use is as, if not more, harmful than cigarette use. Yet, hookah users underestimate the potential deleterious effects of hookah use. This study examined the rates of hookah use and associated demographic characteristics in a sample of undergraduates at a small Northeastern university.

Symptoms of alcohol dependence and smoking initiation and persistence: a longitudinal study among US adults.

Background: A large number of adults report symptoms of, but do not meet diagnostic criteria for, an alcohol use disorder. Yet, little is known about the relationship between symptoms of alcohol use disorders and the initiation and persistence of smoking. This study prospectively examines the relationship between having 1-2 symptoms of alcohol dependence (without abuse) and smoking initiation and persistence as well as nicotine dependence over a 3-year period among adults in the United States.