Enteric glia regulate Paneth cell secretion and intestinal microbial ecology.

Glial cells of the enteric nervous system (ENS) interact closely with the intestinal epithelium and secrete signals that influence epithelial cell proliferation and barrier formation . Whether these interactions are important however, is unclear because previous studies reached conflicting conclusions [1]. To better define the roles of enteric glia in steady state regulation of the intestinal epithelium, we characterized the glia in closest proximity to epithelial cells and found that the majority express in both mice and humans.

Spatially resolved transcriptomics reveals pro-inflammatory fibroblast involved in lymphocyte recruitment through CXCL8 and CXCL10.

The interplay among different cells in a tissue is essential for maintaining homeostasis. Although disease states have been traditionally attributed to individual cell types, increasing evidence and new therapeutic options have demonstrated the primary role of multicellular functions to understand health and disease, opening new avenues to understand pathogenesis and develop new treatment strategies. We recently described the cellular composition and dynamics of the human oral mucosa; however, the spatial arrangement of cells is needed to better understand a morphologically complex tissue.

Classical reactive molecular dynamics implementations: state of the art.

Reactive molecular dynamics (RMD) implementations equipped with force field approaches to simulate both the time evolution as well as chemical reactions of a broad class of materials are reviewed herein. We subdivide the RMD approaches developed during the last decade as well as older ones already reviewed in 1995 by Srivastava and Garrison and in 2000 by Brenner into two classes. The methods in the first RMD class rely on the use of a reaction cutoff distance and employ a sudden transition from the educts to the products.

Maternal morbidity in emergency versus elective caesarean section at a tertiary care hospital.

Background: In the past 30 years the rate of caesarean section (C/S) has steadily increased from 5% to more than 20% for many avoidable and unavoidable indications. The objective of this study was to compare maternal morbidity and determine its cause in elective and emergency caesarean section.

Method: It was a cross-sectional comparative study conducted in Civil Hospital Karachi at Obs/Gyn Unit III.

Temperature dependence of coarse-grained potentials for liquid hexane.

The present molecular dynamics study is an investigation of the temperature (T) dependence of liquid hexane coarse-grained potentials optimized with the Iterative Boltzmann Inversion method. An approach for the derivation of coarse-grained potentials at temperatures T different from the optimization temperature T(0) has recently been proposed for ethylbenzene. This method is based on the use of a T-dependent scaling factor f(T) to generate ethylbenzene potentials at T≠T(0).

Reactive molecular dynamics with material-specific coarse-grained potentials: growth of polystyrene chains from styrene monomers.

We have developed a reactive molecular dynamics (RMD) scheme to simulate irreversible polymerization of realistic polymer systems in a coarse-grained resolution. We have studied the chain propagation of styrene to polystyrene. For monodisperse polystyrene samples, we reproduce the results of equilibrium MD simulations: density, end-to-end distance, radius of gyration, and different geometrical distribution functions.