The Role of MicroRNAs in Neurodegeneration: Insights from Huntington's Disease.

MicroRNA (miRNAs) is a single non-coding strand with a small sequence of approximately 21-25 nucleotides, which could be a biomarker or act as a therapeutic agent for disease. This review explores the dynamic role of miRNAs in Huntington's disease (HD), encompassing their regulatory function, potential as diagnostic biomarker tools, and emerging therapeutic applications. We delved into the dysregulation of specific miRNAs in HD, for instance, downregulated levels of miR-9 and miR-124 and increased levels of miR-155 and miR-196a.

A rare case of sporadic metastatic colorectal cancer with glioblastoma multiforme: a challenging clinical scenario.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most commonly diagnosed and leading cause of death worldwide. On the other hand, glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most prevalent and aggressive primary malignant brain tumor in adults. Inherited diseases of DNA mismatch repair (MMR) can cause multiple cancers in the same patient including CRC and GBM.

A Review on miRNAs in Enteric Bacteria-mediated Host Pathophysiology: Mechanisms and Implications.

Recently, many studies focused on the billions of native bacteria found inside and all over the human body, commonly known as the microbiota, and its interactions with the eukaryotic host. One of the niches for such microbiota is the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), which harbors hundreds to thousands of bacterial species commonly known as enteric bacteria. Changes in the enteric bacterial populations were linked to various pathologies such as irritable bowel syndrome and obesity.

miRNAs and their multifaceted role in cutaneous wound healing.

The dynamic, complex process of cutaneous wound healing is required to restore skin integrity following an injury. This intricate process consists of four sequential and overlapping phases: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. Hemostasis immediately begins to function in response to vascular injury, forming a clot that stops the bleeding.

From fatty liver to fibrosis: the impact of miRNAs on NAFLD and NASH.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a disease with various levels varying from fatty liver steatosis to acute steatosis which is non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which can develop into hepatic failure, as well as in some conditions it can develop into hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In the NAFLD and NASH context, aberrant microRNA (miRNA) expression has a thorough contribution to the incidence and development of these liver disorders by influencing key biological actions, involving lipid metabolism, inflammation, and fibrosis. Dysregulated miRNAs can disrupt the balance between lipid accumulation and clearance, exacerbate inflammatory responses, and promote fibrogenesis, thus advancing the severeness of the disorder from simple steatosis to more complex NASH.

Harnessing miRNAs: A Novel Approach to Diagnosis and Treatment of Tuberculosis.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) complex, responsible for tuberculosis (TB) infection, continues to be a predominant global cause of mortality due to intricate host-pathogen interactions that affect disease progression. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), essential posttranscriptional regulators, have become pivotal modulators of these relationships. Recent findings indicate that miRNAs actively regulate immunological responses to Mtb complex by modulating autophagy, apoptosis, and immune cell activities.

Exploring strategies for building a sustainable healthcare system in Africa: lessons from Japan and Switzerland.

Strengthening healthcare infrastructure is an important strategy for building a sustainable healthcare system in Africa. This involves investing in facilities, equipment, and supplies, as well as training and retaining skilled healthcare workers. Additionally, improving healthcare infrastructure and investing in healthcare education and training can lead to significant improvements in health outcomes, such as reducing maternal and child mortality.

Hawkinsinuria With Direct Hyperbilirubinemia in Egyptian-Lebanese Boy.

Tyrosinemia type III is the rarest type of tyrosinemia, because of a mutation in 4-OH-phenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPD). This causes two different types of diseases with different modes of inheritance: tyrosinemia type III and hawkinsinuria. Hawkinsinuria is an autosomal dominant disease, which presents a failure to thrive and metabolic acidosis; however, the liver is not affected.