Publications by authors named "Farah Akhtar"

Objectives: To evaluate the inhibitory effects of different concentrations of α-methyl-DL-tyrosine on latanoprost-induced iridal hyperpigmentation in rabbits.

Methods: We investigated 4 groups of rabbits. Both eyes of the pink, red, and blue groups were treated with latanoprost followed by 0.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

LOXL1 (lysyl oxidase-like 1) has been identified as the major effect locus in pseudoexfoliation (PEX) syndrome, a fibrotic disorder of the extracellular matrix and frequent cause of chronic open-angle glaucoma. However, all known PEX-associated common variants show allele effect reversal in populations of different ancestry, casting doubt on their biological significance. Based on extensive LOXL1 deep sequencing, we report here the identification of a common non-coding sequence variant, rs7173049A>G, located downstream of LOXL1, consistently associated with a decrease in PEX risk (odds ratio, OR = 0.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a disease of the elderly in which central vision is lost because of degenerative changes of the macula. The current study investigated the association of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with AMD in the Pakistani population. Four SNPs were analyzed in this study: rs1061170 in the CFH, rs429608 near CFB, rs2230199 in the C3, and rs10490924 in ARMS2/HTRA1.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: The aim of this study was to report the vision-related quality of life (QoL) in Pakistani subjects with early or moderate glaucoma.

Methods: This case control study was conducted at Al-Shifa Trust Eye Hospital, Pakistan, from 1 January 2014 to 31 December 2015. All the patients having early or moderate glaucoma, with a disease duration of at least 6 mo, and presenting during the study period, were included.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Iridogoniodysgenesis is a rare autosomal dominant disorder affecting anterior segment of the eye. Fifty percent cases of iridogoniodysgenesis have glaucoma, which is particularly difficult to manage. We report here a case of 40 years old man with this rare disorder, presenting to our glaucoma department.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Glaucoma is the cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. Mutations in six genes have been associated with juvenile- and adult-onset familial primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) prior to this report but they explain only a small proportion of the genetic load. The aim of the study is to identify the novel genetic cause of the POAG in the families with adult-onset glaucoma.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • Exfoliation syndrome (XFS) is a significant risk factor for secondary glaucoma, contributing to blindness globally, with known genetic variants in LOXL1 and CACNA1A linked to the condition.
  • Researchers conducted a study analyzing samples from multiple countries, discovering a rare protective allele at LOXL1 and refining its association, which had been previously inconsistent across different populations.
  • A genome-wide association study identified seven significant genetic loci related to XFS, providing new insights into its biological mechanisms and emphasizing the role of rare LOXL1 variants in the disease's development.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • Primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) is a key cause of blindness, prompting a large-scale study involving over 10,000 PACG patients and nearly 30,000 controls across multiple continents.
  • The study identified five new genetic loci associated with PACG risk, each with significant statistical results (e.g., EPDR1 with an odds ratio of 1.24 and a P-value of 5.94 × 10(-15)).
  • Additionally, three previously known genetic loci were confirmed, enhancing the understanding of the genetic factors underlying PACG.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Brittle cornea syndrome (BCS) is a rare autosomal recessive connective tissue disease characterized by variable combinations of corneal thinning and fragility, corneal ruptures either spontaneously or after minor trauma, blue sclerae, keratoconus, keratoglobus, and high myopia. So far, mutations in 2 genes, PRDM5 and ZNF469, have been associated with BCS. The purpose of this study is to describe novel mutations in the PRDM5 gene in patients with BCS.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Recently nonsynonymous coding variants in the ankyrin repeats and suppressor of cytokine signaling box-containing protein 10 (ASB10) gene were found to be associated with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) in cohorts from Oregon and Germany, but this finding was not confirmed in an independent cohort from Iowa. The aim of the current study was to assess the role of ASB10 gene variants in Pakistani glaucoma patients.

Methods: Sanger sequencing of the coding exons and splice junctions of the ASB10 gene was performed in 30 probands of multiplex POAG families, 208 sporadic POAG patients and 151 healthy controls from Pakistan.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) in children could be resolved by adenotonsillectomy (T&A). However, incomplete results are often noted post-surgery. Because of this partial resolution, long-term follow-up is needed to monitor for reoccurrence of SDB, which may be diagnosed years later through reoccurrence of complaints or in some cases, through systematic investigations.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Bovine tuberculosis is one of the important diseases of dairy and wild animals. The disease is prevalent all over the world, though developed countries have tremendously reduced the prevalence through eradication campaigns. The prevalence of disease in Pakistan on the basis of tuberculin testing or culture isolation of the organism has been reported previously.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Purpose: Despite the different etiology of primary open angle glaucoma (POAG), primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG), and pseudoexfoliative glaucoma (PEXG), several studies have suggested that these forms of glaucoma have overlapping genetic risk factors. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the role of genetic variants recently associated with POAG in different types of glaucoma in Pakistani POAG, PACG, and PEXG patient cohorts.

Methods: Six variants in CDKN2B-AS1 (rs4977756), CDKN2B (rs1063192), ATOH7 (rs1900004), CAV1 (rs4236601), TMCO1 (rs4656461), and SIX1 (rs10483727) were genotyped using TaqMan assays.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Recently an association was observed between alleles in genes of the unfolded protein response pathway and primary open angle glaucoma (POAG). The goal of the current study is to investigate the role of these two genes, protein disulphide isomerase A member 5 (PDIA5) and baculoviral IAP repeat containing 6 (BIRC6), in different forms of glaucoma. 278 patients with POAG, 132 patients with primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) and 135 patients with pseudoexfoliative glaucoma (PEXG) were genotyped for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs11720822 in PDIA5 and 471 POAG, 184 PACG and 218 PEXG patients were genotyped for rs2754511 in BIRC6.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: CYP1B1 is the most commonly mutated gene in primary congenital glaucoma (PCG), and mutations have also been identified in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). This study was undertaken to describe mutations in CYP1B1 in patients and families with PCG and POAG from Pakistan.

Design: Case-control series.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

A 19 years boy with a 2 years history of reduced and fluctuating vision along with change in pupillary shape and iris colour in his left eye presented to the glaucoma clinic. Ocular examination revealed distinct unilateral stretch holes, iris architecture changes and localized iris atrophy. Intraocular pressure was 16 mmHg in the right and 36 mmHg in the left eye.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Purpose: Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play an important role in remodeling of the extracellular matrix during development and growth of various tissues including the eye. Various functional polymorphisms in MMPs have been implicated in the pathogenesis of different types of glaucoma. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of various polymorphisms in Pakistani patients with glaucoma.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Purpose: To describe a novel mutation in the fibrillin-1 (FBN1) gene in a large Pakistani family with autosomal dominant Marfan syndrome (MFS).

Methods: Blood samples were collected of 11 family members affected with Marfan syndrome, and DNA was isolated by phenol-extraction. The coding exons of FBN1 were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and direct sequencing.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Purpose: Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs1048661 (p.R141L) and rs3825942 (p.G153D) in the lysyl oxidase-like 1 (LOXL1) gene have been previously reported to be associated with pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (PEXG) in various Asian and European populations, but these SNPs have not yet been studied in the Pakistani population.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

A 16 years old male patient of Sturge-Weber syndrome was referred to glaucoma clinic for the management of unilateral glaucoma. There was also an ipsilateral hypermetropic shift. On detailed investigations, a diffuse choroidal haemangioma was diagnosed which induced this hypermetropic shift.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of ocular digital massage (ODM) in the management of underfiltering blebs after trabeculectomy.

Study Design: Quasi experimental study.

Place And Duration Of Study: Glaucoma Clinic of Al-Shifa Trust Eye Hospital, Rawalpindi, from January 2007 to November 2008.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Purpose: The present study was designed to determine the association of polymorphisms of the DNA repair genes X-ray cross-complementing group 1 (XRCC1) (c.1316G>A [rs25487]) and xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group D (XPD) (c.2298A>C [rs13181]) with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and primary closed-angle glaucoma (PCAG).

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to investigate the association of glutathione S-transferase GSTT1 and GSTM1 genotypes with pseudoexfoliative glaucoma (PEXG) in a group of Pakistani patients.

Methods: Multiplex polymerase chain reaction was used to study the GSTT1 and GSTM1 polymorphisms in 165 PEXG patients and 162 unaffected controls.

Results: In the current study we describe a significant gender-specific association of GSTT1 and GSTM1 null genotypes with PEXG.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Purpose: To investigate the involvement of stress-regulating genes, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) and primary closed angle glaucoma (PCAG).

Methods: POAG and PCAG patients recruited from different areas of Pakistan were diagnosed on the basis of clinical history, raised intraocular pressure (IOP), cup-to-disc ratio (CDR) and visual field defects. Their blood was collected and genomic DNA was extracted from it, followed by PCR amplification and VNTR typing of the eNOS gene, while the HSP70 SNP was analyzed with PCR-RFLP.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to determine the role of the tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) gene polymorphism G-308A and total serum immunoglobulin E (TsIgE) levels in the onset of pseudoexfoliation glaucoma (PEXG) in Pakistani patients.

Methods: The TNF-alpha polymorphism G-308A was analyzed in 122 patients with PEXG and 126 healthy unrelated controls by using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). TsIgE levels were determined by solid-phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: fopen(/var/lib/php/sessions/ci_sessionivipsb6jteiiefseqb73ajinqtllsi0n): Failed to open stream: No space left on device

Filename: drivers/Session_files_driver.php

Line Number: 177

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: Warning

Message: session_start(): Failed to read session data: user (path: /var/lib/php/sessions)

Filename: Session/Session.php

Line Number: 137

Backtrace:

File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once