Assessment of awareness, knowledge, and usage of folic acid among females in Jazan Region, Saudi Arabia.

Folic acid (FA) plays a crucial role in various biological processes. Insufficient intake of FA during pregnancy can lead to serious clinical complications, including neural tube defect. The current study sought to assess the awareness, knowledge, and usage of FA among young females in Jazan region of Saudi Arabia.

Cancer Incidence and Mortality Patterns in Hemodialysis Patients: A Descriptive Study.

Background End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is a condition where the kidneys cease functioning, requiring renal replacement therapy such as dialysis. ESRD patients face numerous health challenges, including an elevated risk of developing malignancies. Factors contributing to this increased cancer risk include immune suppression, chronic inflammation, DNA repair deficiencies, and chronic viral infections.

Nonoperative Management of Acute Appendicitis in the Geriatric Population: A Review.

Appendicitis remains a common cause of acute abdominal pain, particularly challenging to manage in elderly patients due to age-related declines in physiological reserve and the presence of comorbidities. While appendectomy has traditionally been the standard treatment, nonoperative management (NOM) using antibiotics has emerged as a potential alternative for elderly patients, especially those considered frail or at high surgical risk. This review explores the efficacy and outcomes of NOM compared to surgery in this population, with a focus on recurrence rates, postoperative complications, and the impact of frailty on treatment decisions.

Assessing the Optimal Antibacterial Action of L., L., and Dehnh Essential Oils.

The use of combined essential oils (EOs) is a new technique that can improve their preservative effects while minimizing their sensory impact in foods. The aim of this study was to determine the chemical profile of three essential oils (EOs) extracted from L. (Ls), L.

Real-Time Perfusion and Leak Assessment in Bariatric Surgery: Bridging Traditional and Advanced Techniques.

This comprehensive literature review explores the efficacy of real-time perfusion and leak assessment methods in bariatric surgery, comparing traditional techniques with advanced imaging modalities. As the global incidence of obesity and related comorbidities rises, the demand for bariatric surgeries such as Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy has increased, along with the risk of serious complications like anastomotic and staple line leaks. Traditional intraoperative leak testing methods, including the air leak and methylene blue dye tests, are commonly employed but exhibit inconsistent sensitivity in leak detection.

A Comprehensive Review of the Literature: Does an Optimal Type of Anastomosis Exist for One Anastomosis Gastric Bypass?

One anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) is a popular bariatric procedure known for its efficacy in promoting weight loss and improving metabolic outcomes. However, the optimal anastomotic technique for OAGB remains a subject of debate. This literature review comprehensively examines the three primary anastomotic techniques - linear stapled, circular stapled, and hand-sewn - to determine their suitability for OAGB.

Determinants of macrosomia among newborns delivered in Jigjiga City, Eastern Ethiopia: a case-control study.

Background: Macrosomia is a forgotten health problem that directly or indirectly affects maternal and neonatal health outcomes. There is a lack of evidence on the factors that affect macrosomia in eastern Ethiopia. This study aimed to assess the determinants of macrosomia among newborns delivered in Jigjiga City, Eastern Ethiopia.

Nonoperative Management Strategies for Anastomotic Leaks After One Anastomosis Gastric Bypass (OAGB): A Literature Review.

One Anastomosis Gastric Bypass (OAGB) has gained widespread acceptance as an effective bariatric surgery due to its relative simplicity and favorable outcomes in weight loss and metabolic improvement. However, anastomotic leaks, though uncommon, present a significant complication with the potential for severe morbidity and mortality if not managed appropriately. This review examines the range of nonoperative strategies currently employed to manage anastomotic leaks and fistulae following OAGB.

A role for leucine-rich, glioma inactivated 1 in regulating pain sensitivity.

Neuronal hyperexcitability is a key driver of persistent pain states including neuropathic pain. Leucine-rich, glioma inactivated 1 (LGI1), is a secreted protein known to regulate excitability within the nervous system and is the target of autoantibodies from neuropathic pain patients. Therapies that block or reduce antibody levels are effective at relieving pain in these patients, suggesting that LGI1 has an important role in clinical pain.

Factors Associated with the Uptake of Human Papilloma Virus Vaccine Among Adolescent Girls Aged 14 Old in Hai District of Kilimanjaro Region in Northern Tanzania.

Background: Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) vaccination is a key primary prevention method against cervical cancer which is given to young girls before onset of sexual activity. In Tanzania, cervical cancer is the most frequent occurring cancer among women and is the leading cause of cancer mortality. The HPV Vaccination programme was rolled-out in Tanzania in 2018 for adolescent girls aged 9-14 years to receive two doses at a six-months interval, with an annual vaccine uptake of 46.

Smarcd1 subunit of SWI/SNF chromatin-remodeling complexes collaborates with E2a to promote murine lymphoid specification.

Lymphocyte development from murine hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) entails a loss of self-renewal capacity and a progressive restriction of developmental potential. Previous research from our laboratory suggests that specialized assemblies of ATP-dependent SWI/SNF chromatin-remodeling complexes play lineage-specific roles during murine hematopoiesis. Here, we demonstrate that the Smarcd1 subunit is essential for specification of lymphoid cell fate from multipotent progenitors.

COVID-19 vaccine confidence and its effect on vaccine uptake among people with hypertension or diabetes mellitus in Kilimanjaro region, Tanzania.

COVID-19 vaccination effectively reduces disease severity, hospitalization, and mortality, particularly among individuals with chronic conditions who bear a disproportionate burden of disease complications. Vaccine confidence - belief in its safety, effectiveness, and importance - boosts uptake. However, limited data on vaccine confidence in this population hinders the development of targeted interventions.

Antibacterial and antioxidant activities of and using natural deep eutectic solvent under microwave assisted by ultrasound.

Microalgae are increasingly recognized as promising sources of natural bioactive compounds. However, traditional extraction methods using volatile organic solvents (VOCs) pose environmental risks. This study explores renewable deep eutectic solvents (DES) as sustainable alternatives for extracting bioactive compounds from microalgae biomass, focusing on and .

[Percutaneous closure of a coronary-pulmonary fistula : a case report].

Background: A coronary artery fistula is an abnormal connection between one or more coronary arteries and a cardiac chamber or great vessel, often discovered incidentally through cardiac imaging. Although coronary artery fistulas are typically asymptomatic during the first two decades of life, particularly when small, they can become clinically significant over time.

Case Presentation: We present the case of a 71-year-old female patient with a history of exertional dyspnea.

Organocatalytic Enantioselective [1,2]-Stevens Rearrangement of Azetidinium Salts.

The first organocatalyzed enantioselective [1,2]-Stevens rearrangement is reported. 4-Alkylideneproline derivatives are produced in up to 86% yield and in up to 90:10 er, with recrystallization enhancing er up to >99.5:0.