Poloxamer 407/188 Binary Thermosensitive Gel as a Moxidectin Delivery System: In Vitro Release and In Vivo Evaluation.

Moxidectin (MXD) is an antiparasitic drug used extensively in veterinary clinics. In this study, to develop a new formulation of MXD, a thermosensitive gel of MXD (MXD-TG) was prepared based on poloxamer 407/188. Furthermore, the gelation temperature, the stability, in vitro release kinetics and in vivo pharmacokinetics of MXD-TG were evaluated.

Crocetin protects against fulminant hepatic failure induced by lipopolysaccharide/D-galactosamine by decreasing apoptosis, inflammation and oxidative stress in a rat model.

Fulminant hepatic failure (FHF) is a clinical syndrome characterized by sudden and severe liver dysfunction. Apoptosis and inflammation are essential for the pathogenesis of FHF. Crocetin, the major component present in saffron, has been reported to possess anti-inflammatory and antioxidant functions; however, its role in FHF is poorly understood.

[Crocetin promotes autophagy in injured rat hepatocytes induced by lipopolysaccharide and D-galactosamine ].

Objective: To observe the effect of crocetin on autophagy in rat hepatocytes exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and D-galactosamine (D-gal) and explore the mechanism.

Methods: Cultured rat hepatocytes were exposed to LPS (1 mg/L) and Dgal (60 mg/L) to induce cell injury and treated with crocetin, 3MA, or crocetin+3MA. Twelve hours after the treatments, the cells were examined for levels of ALT, AST and LDH in the supernatant using ELISA.

NADH protect against radiation enteritis by enhancing autophagy and inhibiting inflammation through PI3K/AKT pathway.

Radiotherapy is an important method for cancer treatment but it has serious side-effects at high doses. One of the greatest challenges in radiotherapy is that radiation affects both healthy tissue and cancer tissues. For abdominal or pelvic lesions, the bowel is the most easily injured by irradiation.

miR-224 suppresses HBV replication posttranscriptionally through inhibiting SIRT1-mediated autophagy.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) enters the host and successfully completes replication by using several mechanisms, including autophagy. However, previous studies revealed that microRNAs (miRNAs) widely participate in regulation of various cellular processes, such as autophagy and viral replication. Hence, the purpose of this study was to investigate the role of miR-224 in HBV infection and to determine whether its role depended on the miR-224/SIRT1/autophagy axis.

High expression of Fibronectin 1 suppresses apoptosis through the NF-κB pathway and is associated with migration in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Fibronectin 1 (FN1) is a member of the glycoprotein family located on chromosome 2q35. It has been reported that FN1 is upregulated in many tumors, and its expression is negatively related to the prognosis and survival of cancer patients. Through data analysis, we found that FN1 is upregulated in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).

Complications of chemoembolization for hepatic neoplasms.

Objective: To present a safe and effective approach to chemoembolization for hepatic neoplasms, and to discuss the complications of chemoembolization and ways of avoiding them.

Methods: The techniques and experience described herein are based on clinical practice at Yichang Central People's Hospital, Yichang, Hubei, China, where over 200 chemoembolization procedures are performed yearly, and on the results of an intensive review of 1054 chemoembolization procedures performed between July 1997 and December 2005.

Results: There were complications as follow: 5 cases with celiac artery branch embolization, gastric uptake in 4, 6 with gallbladder uptake and infarction, splenic uptake and infarction in 8, liver infarction and abscess formation in 3, and hepatorenal syndrome in 4, liver rupture in 2, lung uptake in 6, and spinal cord injury in 2 cases.

X-ray induced L02 cells damage rescued by new anti-oxidant NADH.

Aim: To explore molecular mechanism of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) antagonization against X-ray induced L02 cells damage.

Methods: L02 liver cells were cultured in RPMI 1640, exposed to X-ray irradiation and continued to culture in the presence or absence of NADH. Cellular viability was analyzed by routine MTT methods.

Protective effect of coenzyme I on mouse hematopoietic system against radiation.

Objective: To study the protective effect of NADH on the hematopoietic system of mice against radiation.

Methods: Sixty mice were randomized into 3 groups (20/group), Group I serving as normal control group. Three days before exposure to single-dose (6.

[Effect of NADH against liver cell line L02 apoptosis induced by UVB irradiation].

Objective: To study the molecular mechanism behind the effect of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) against apoptosis of liver cell line L02 induced by ultraviolet B (UVB) exposure.

Methods: L02 liver cells were exposed to UVB irradiation (200 J/m(2)) followed by a 24-hour culture in the presence or absence of NADH (400 microgram/ml). The degraded fragments of DNA in the cells were observed by agarose electrophoresis, the cell apoptosis rate determined by Annexin/V PI staining and p53, Bax and Bcl-2 proteins expression detected by flow cytometry.

[Effects of lipofectin-mediated alpha1,4Gal T antisense oligonucleotide on human glioma cell line SWO-38].

Objective: To study the effects of alpha1,4Gal T antisense oligonucleotide mediated by lipofectin on human glioma cell line SWO-38.

Methods: SWO38 glioma cells were exposed to 10 micromol/L alpha1,4Gal T antisense oligonucleotide for 72 h by means of lipofectin transfection, and the growth inhibition of the cells was detected by colony-forming unit assay. Analysis of DNA fragmentation was performed with flow cytometry (FCM) and agarose gel eletrophoresis with Fas protein expression determined by FCM.

Effect of coenzyme I on apoptosis of liver cell line L02 induced by ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Objective: To study the protective effect of coenzyme I (NADH) on normal liver cell line L02 against ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Methods: Cultured L02 cells was divided into 3 groups, namely ischemia-reperfusion group (I/R), ischemia-reperfusion group with NADH pretreatment (NADH+I/R) and control group. Assisted by flow cytometry (FCM), the apoptosis rate and the expression of apoptosis-related proteins (Bcl-2, p16, p21, p53) were detected in L02 cells in the 3 groups.