Machine learning-derived asthma and allergy trajectories in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Numerous studies have characterised trajectories of asthma and allergy in children using machine learning, but with different techniques and mixed findings. The present work aimed to summarise the evidence and critically appraise the methodology.

Methods: 10 databases were searched.

Exploring high entropy alloys: A review on thermodynamic design and computational modeling strategies for advanced materials applications.

In the quest for materials that can withstand the rigors of modern engineering applications, high-entropy alloys (HEAs) have emerged as a frontier in material science owing to their unprecedented combination of properties. This review focuses on intricate thermodynamic and computational modeling to guide the design and optimization of HEAs. By dissecting the foundational "four core effects" intrinsic to HEAs-high entropy, sluggish diffusion, severe lattice distortion, and cocktail effect-we illuminate the path towards predictable and tailored material properties.

Epidemiology of Acute Respiratory Failure in US Children: Outcomes and Resource Use.

Objective: Acute respiratory failure recalcitrant to conventional management often requires specialized organ-supportive technologies to optimize outcomes. Variation in the availability of these technologies prompted testing of the hypothesis that outcomes and resource use will vary by not only patient characteristics but also hospital characteristics and receipt of organ-supportive technology.

Methods: Retrospective study of children 0 to 20 years old hospitalized for acute respiratory failure using the 2019 Kids' Inpatient Database.

Adherence with post-hospitalization follow-up after pediatric critical illness due to respiratory failure.

Background: Adherence with follow-up appointments after a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) admission is likely a key component in managing post-PICU sequalae. However, prior work on PICU follow-up adherence is limited. The objective of this study is to identify hospitalization characteristics, discharge child health metrics, and follow-up characteristics associated with full adherence with recommended follow-up at a quaternary care center after a PICU admission due to respiratory failure.

Ameliorative Effects of Coconut Water on Hematological and Lipid Profiles of Phenylhydrazine-treated Rats.

Anaemia is a widespread health issue affecting young children and pregnant women, characterized by reduced red blood cells or haemoglobin levels. Coconut water, rich in nutrients such as L-arginine, iron, vitamin C, vitamin B6, folic acid and fatty acids, is believed to aid in blood formation (hematopoesis). The study aimed to examine the impact of coconut water on hematological indices and lipid profiles in rats with phenylhydrazine-induced anemia.

Eosinophilic esophagitis: absolute eosinophilic count, peak eosinophilic count, and potential biomarkers of eosinophilic degranulation products-an in-depth systematic review.

Background: Eosinophilic esophagitis is a chronic inflammatory disorder, often relapsing. There is an increasing need to develop new alternative diagnostic and monitoring methods on a critical basis, which will provide samples through none or minimally invasive procedures. This study aims to identify and document the types and roles of potential biomarkers in eosinophilic esophagitis released by eosinophils as well as the potential relationship to the peak eosinophilic count and the degree of degranulation of eosinophils (DGE/DGE + NDGE: degranulated eosinophils/degranulated eosinophils and non-degranulated eosinophils).

Alterations in plasma and erythrocyte membrane fatty acid composition following exposure to toxic copper level affect membrane deformability and fluidity in female wistar rats.

Background: Deformability and fluidity function of the red blood cell membrane are properties defined by the lipid composition. Toxic copper level induces membrane lipid peroxidation which could cause membrane instability. This study therefore investigated the effect of exposure to toxic copper level for 30 days on red blood cell membrane deformability and fluidity in female Wistar rats.

A Tale of 8 Cities: Pediatric Critical Care Redeployment to Adult Care During Wave 1 of COVID-19.

Background: Pediatric hospital resources including critical care faculty (intensivists) redeployed to provide care to adults in adult ICUs or repurposed PICUs during wave 1 of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.

Objectives: To determine the magnitude of pediatric hospital resource redeployment and the experience of pediatric intensivists who redeployed to provide critical care to adults with COVID-19.

Methods: A mixed methods study was conducted at 9 hospitals in 8 United States cities where pediatric resources were redeployed to provide care to critically ill adults with COVID-19.

Patterns of Organ Dysfunction in Critically Ill Children Based on PODIUM Criteria.

Objectives: The goal of this study was to determine the incidence, prognostic performance, and generalizability of the Pediatric Organ Dysfunction Information Update Mandate (PODIUM) organ dysfunction criteria using electronic health record (EHR) data. Additionally, we sought to compare the performance of the PODIUM criteria with the organ dysfunction criteria proposed by the 2005 International Pediatric Sepsis Consensus Conference (IPSCC).

Methods: Retrospective observational cohort study of critically ill children at 2 medical centers in the United States between 2010 and 2018.

Pediatric Organ Dysfunction Information Update Mandate (PODIUM) Contemporary Organ Dysfunction Criteria: Executive Summary.

Prior criteria for organ dysfunction in critically ill children were based mainly on expert opinion. We convened the Pediatric Organ Dysfunction Information Update Mandate (PODIUM) expert panel to summarize data characterizing single and multiple organ dysfunction and to derive contemporary criteria for pediatric organ dysfunction. The panel was composed of 88 members representing 47 institutions and 7 countries.

A pilot study on the feasibility of testing residential tap water in North Carolina: implications for environmental justice and health.

Background: In 2015 alone, community water systems serving about 21 million Americans violated the United States Environmental Protection Agency's (US-EPA) water quality standards. While water at community treatment and distribution centers is regularly monitored and tested, little is known about pollutants in the water systems at the household level.

Aims: This pilot study assessed the feasibility of (1) testing for the presence and concentration of 14 contaminants and physicochemical parameters in household tap water in a low-income neighborhood and (2) using community engagement for recruitment and citizen science approaches to data collection.