Efficacy and Safety of Brolucizumab for Diabetic Macular Edema: The KINGFISHER Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Despite the effectiveness of existing anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapies, a need remains for further treatment options to improve response rates and/or reduce injection or monitoring frequency in patients with diabetic macular edema (DME).

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of brolucizumab vs aflibercept dosed every 4 weeks in participants with DME.

Design, Participants, And Setting: This 52-week, double-masked, phase 3 randomized clinical trial included treatment-naive adults and adults who had previously received anti-VEGF therapy.

NONPARAMETRIC MANOVA APPROACHES FOR NON-NORMAL MULTIVARIATE OUTCOMES WITH MISSING VALUES.

Between-group comparisons often entail many correlated response variables. The multivariate linear model, with its assumption of multivariate normality, is the accepted standard tool for these tests. When this assumption is violated, the nonparametric multivariate Kruskal-Wallis (MKW) test is frequently used.

Joint analysis of cognitive and circadian variation in Schizophrenia and Bipolar I Disorder.

Background: Impairment in cognitive variables and alterations in circadian function have been documented among patients with schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar I disorder (BP1), but it is not known whether joint analysis of these variables can define clinically relevant sub-groups in either disorder.

Objectives: To evaluate the pattern and relationship of cognitive and circadian function in SZ and BP1 patients with respect to diagnosis and indices of clinical severity.

Methods: Among patients with SZ and BP1, cognitive function was evaluated using the Penn Computerized Neurocognitive Battery and circadian function was assessed using the Composite Scale of Morningness/ Eveningness (CSM).

A randomised controlled trial of adjunctive yoga and adjunctive physical exercise training for cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia.

Background: Yoga and physical exercise have been used as adjunctive intervention for cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia (SZ), but controlled comparisons are lacking. Aims A single-blind randomised controlled trial was designed to evaluate whether yoga training or physical exercise training enhance cognitive functions in SZ, based on a prior pilot study.

Methods: Consenting, clinically stable, adult outpatients with SZ (n=286) completed baseline assessments and were randomised to treatment as usual (TAU), supervised yoga training with TAU (YT) or supervised physical exercise training with TAU (PE).

Twelve-month cost-effectiveness of telephone-delivered collaborative care for treating depression following CABG surgery: a randomized controlled trial.

Objective: To determine the 12-month cost-effectiveness of a collaborative care (CC) program for treating depression following coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery versus physicians' usual care (UC).

Methods: We obtained 12 continuous months of Medicare and private medical insurance claims data on 189 patients who screened positive for depression following CABG surgery, met criteria for depression when reassessed by telephone 2 weeks following hospitalization (nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire ≥10) and were randomized to either an 8-month centralized, nurse-provided and telephone-delivered CC intervention for depression or to their physicians' UC.

Results: At 12 months following randomization, CC patients had $2068 lower but statistically similar estimated median costs compared to UC (P=.

Benefits of collaborative care for post-CABG depression are not related to adjustments in antidepressant pharmacotherapy.

Objective: To determine whether the use and adjustment of antidepressant pharmacotherapy accounted for the beneficial effects of collaborative care treatment on the improvement of mood symptoms and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery.

Methods: In a post-hoc analysis of data from the Bypassing the Blues (BtB) trial we tested the impact of antidepressant medication on changes in depression and HRQoL from the early postoperative period to 8-month follow-up. Two hundred fifty-nine depressed post-CABG patients scoring ≥10 on the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 were classified in four groups according to whether or not they received antidepressants at baseline and 8-months following randomization.

Pain adversely affects outcomes to a collaborative care intervention for anxiety in primary care.

Background: Primary care patients with Panic Disorder (PD) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) experience poorer than expected clinical outcomes, despite the availability of efficacious pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic treatments. A barrier to recovery from PD/GAD may be the co-occurrence of pain.

Objective: To evaluate whether pain intensity interfered with treatment response for PD and/or GAD in primary care patients who had received collaborative care for anxiety disorders.

A positive 2-item Patient Health Questionnaire depression screen among hospitalized heart failure patients is associated with elevated 12-month mortality.

Background: Given the association of depression with poorer cardiac outcomes, an American Heart Association Science Advisory has advocated routine screening of cardiac patients for depression using the 2-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-2) "at a minimum." However, the prognostic value of the PHQ-2 among HF patients is unknown.

Methods And Results: We screened hospitalized HF patients (ejection fraction [EF] <40%) that staff suspected may be depressed with the PHQ-2, and then determined vital status at up to 12-months follow-up.

Optimism, response to treatment of depression, and rehospitalization after coronary artery bypass graft surgery.

Objective: Optimism has been associated with a lower risk of rehospitalization after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery, but little is known about how optimism affects treatment of depression in post-CABG patients.

Methods: Using data from a collaborative care intervention trial for post-CABG depression, we conducted exploratory post hoc analyses of 284 depressed post-CABG patients (2-week posthospitalization score in the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire ≥ 10) and 146 controls without depression who completed the Life Orientation Test - Revised (full scale and subscale) to assess dispositional optimism. We classified patients as optimists and pessimists based on the sample-specific Life Orientation Test - Revised distributions in each cohort (full sample, depressed, nondepressed).

Prevalence and correlates of complicated grief in adults who have undergone a coronary artery bypass graft.

Background: Complicated grief (CG) is a recently described mental health condition that follows bereavement. CG is often comorbid with depression and may also be associated with poor health outcomes. However, CG has not been studied in depressed medically ill populations.

The impact of pain and depression on recovery after coronary artery bypass grafting.

Objective: To describe the relationship between pain and depression on recovery after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).

Methods: A secondary data analysis on 453 depressed and nondepressed post-CABG patients enrolled in a randomized, controlled, effectiveness trial of telephone-delivered collaborative care for depression. Outcome measures were collected from March 2004 to September 2007 and included pain, physical function, and mood symptoms.