Molecular allergen sensitization drives phenotypes of severe asthma in children: Evidence from a megacity cohort (SAMP).

Background: Several major sensitization profiles have been described in children with asthma, but it remains unclear how these profiles relate to asthma phenotypes. The aim of this study was to determine allergenic sensitization profiles in a megacity cohort (SAMP).

Methods: This was a cross-sectional analysis performed from 2011 to 2015 including preschool and school-age children with severe and moderate asthma from the SAMP cohort.

Associations between heat wave during pregnancy and term birth weight outcomes: The PARIS birth cohort.

Background: Climate change will make extreme weather events more frequent in the 21st century. Extreme ambient temperatures during the prenatal period have been associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes such as preterm birth. It is unclear, however, whether heat waves during pregnancy impact fetal growth in apparently healthy term newborns.

Early exposure to sunlight and allergic morbidity: The PARIS birth cohort.

The relationship between sunlight and allergies in children has received limited attention from researchers. We sought to explore how early exposure to solar radiation is associated with allergic morbidity within the PARIS birth cohort study. Our research dealt with children who attended at least one of two health checkups: at 18 months (n = 2012) and at 8-9 years (n = 1080).

Subgroups of perceptions and related behaviors during the COVID-19 lockdown: experience of adolescents in the PARIS birth cohort.

Background: Adolescents may not all have reacted similarly to the COVID-19 lockdown. This study aimed to identify subgroups of perceptions in adolescents from the PARIS cohort during the first French lockdown, and to investigate whether adolescent behaviors differed according to these subgroups.

Methods: Online questionnaires were sent to 1,549 PARIS adolescents aged 13-17 years who reported on possible infection with SARS-CoV-2, their perceptions, and behaviors during lockdown.

Staphylococcal Sensitization: A Correlate of Type 2-High Inflammation in Children With Severe Asthma.

Background: Sensitization to Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin (SE) has been identified to be a risk factor for asthma, but its determinants remain unclear.

Objective: To determine the significance of SE sensitization in children with moderate to severe asthma.

Methods: This was an observational cross-sectional analysis performed from 2011 to 2015 including children from the prospective Severe Asthma Molecular Phenotype cohort: school-age children with severe and moderate asthma or preschool-age children with severe and moderate recurrent wheeze.

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Lockdown: Morbidity, Perception, Behaviors, and Attitudes in French Families From the PARIS Birth Cohort.

Background: Few studies have examined the overall experience of adolescents and their families during COVID-19 lockdowns. This study describes COVID-19-related morbidity in the PARIS birth cohort families during the first lockdown in France and identifies family profiles in terms of morbidity, perception, behaviors, and attitudes.

Methods: Online questionnaires were sent to adolescents of the PARIS birth cohort and their parents.

Early postnatal exposure to traffic-related air pollution and asthma in adolescents: vulnerability factors in the PARIS birth cohort.

Background: Associations between early traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) exposure and respiratory and allergic morbidity in adolescents are inconsistent. However, sub-groups might be more vulnerable to the health effects of this exposure.

Objectives: We investigated associations between early exposure to TRAP and respiratory and allergic morbidity at age 13 years in the PARIS birth cohort, and potential modifying effects of sex, parental allergy, stressful family event and lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI).

Mediterranean diet and lung function, sensitization, and asthma at school age: The PARIS cohort.

Background: The Mediterranean diet (MD) has known health benefits, but its specific impact on allergy development is unclear. As part of the PARIS birth cohort follow-up, we aimed to investigate the adherence of 8-year-old children to the MD and its association with allergic/respiratory morbidity at school age.

Methods: Diet was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire completed by the parents.

Association between lung function of school age children and short-term exposure to air pollution and pollen: the PARIS cohort.

Background: Daily levels of ambient air pollution and pollen may affect lung function but have rarely been studied together. We investigated short-term exposure to pollen and air pollution in relation to lung function in school-age children from a French population-based birth cohort.

Methods: This study included 1063 children from the PARIS (Pollution and Asthma Risk: an Infant Study) cohort whose lung function and FeNO measurements were performed at age 8 years old.

Exposure to persistent organic pollutants and the risk of type 2 diabetes: a case-cohort study.

Aims: To explore exposure to 22 persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and incident type 2 diabetes in a population-based, prospective cohort.

Methods: This case-cohort study on 753 participants without type 2 diabetes at baseline, was followed-up over nine years, as part of the French D.E.

Infant feeding clusters are associated with respiratory health and allergy at school age in the PARIS birth cohort.

Background: As infant feeding may influence allergy development, we aimed to identify groups of infants based on feeding practices and to examine their associations with respiratory health/allergy at 8 years in the PARIS birth cohort.

Methods: Data on breastfeeding, consumption of infant formula (regular, pre-/probiotics, partially hydrolysed with hypoallergenic label [pHF-HA], extensively hydrolysed [eHF], soya) and solid food introduction were collected using repeated questionnaires at 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months. Infants with similar feeding practices over the first year of life were grouped using multidimensional longitudinal cluster analysis.

Exposure to Bisphenol A and Bisphenol S and Incident Type 2 Diabetes: A Case-Cohort Study in the French Cohort D.E.S.I.R.

Background: The question of whether exposure to bisphenol A (BPA) contributes to the development of type 2 diabetes is still unresolved. Most epidemiological evidence on the association between BPA and diabetes is from cross-sectional studies or longitudinal studies with single urinary measurements. No prospective study has examined exposure to BPA analogs such as bisphenol S (BPS) in relation to incident type 2 diabetes.

Asthma and allergic rhinitis risk depends on house dust mite specific IgE levels in PARIS birth cohort children.

Background: The natural history of allergic sensitization in childhood, and its impact on allergic disease development, needs to be clarified. This study aims to identify allergic sensitization and morbidity patterns during the first 8 years of life.

Methods: The study was conducted in the on-going population-based prospective Pollution and Asthma Risk: an Infant Study (PARIS) birth cohort.

Unsupervised trajectories of respiratory/allergic symptoms throughout childhood in the PARIS cohort.

Background: Natural course and co-occurrence of asthma, eczema, and allergic rhinitis through childhood are still not fully documented. We aim to identify and characterize profiles based on the time course, severity, and apparent triggers of respiratory/allergy symptoms in school-aged children.

Methods: Data on occurrence, severity, and triggers of asthma, rhinitis, and dermatitis symptoms were collected annually during the follow-up of the PARIS birth cohort.

Integrating Clinical and Epidemiologic Data on Allergic Diseases Across Birth Cohorts: A Harmonization Study in the Mechanisms of the Development of Allergy Project.

The numbers of international collaborations among birth cohort studies designed to better understand asthma and allergies have increased in the last several years. However, differences in definitions and methods preclude direct pooling of original data on individual participants. As part of the Mechanisms of the Development of Allergy (MeDALL) Project, we harmonized data from 14 birth cohort studies (each with 3-20 follow-up periods) carried out in 9 European countries during 1990-1998 or 2003-2009.

Traffic-related Air Pollution, Lung Function, and Host Vulnerability. New Insights from the PARIS Birth Cohort.

Rationale: Although the effects of traffic-related air pollution on respiratory exacerbations have been well documented, its impact on lung function in childhood remains unclear.

Objectives: Our aim was to investigate the associations of prenatal, early, and lifetime traffic-related air pollution exposure with lung function at 8-9 years studying possible effect modification by sex, sensitization at 8-9 years, and early lower respiratory tract infections.

Methods: We conducted this study among 788 children from the PARIS (Pollution and Asthma Risk: an Infant Study) birth cohort.

Impact of age at diagnosis and duration of type 2 diabetes on mortality in Australia 1997-2011.

Aims/hypothesis: Current evidence suggests that type 2 diabetes may have a greater impact on those with earlier diagnosis (longer duration of disease), but data are limited. We examined the effect of age at diagnosis of type 2 diabetes on the risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality over 15 years.

Methods: The data of 743,709 Australians with type 2 diabetes who were registered on the National Diabetes Services Scheme (NDSS) between 1997 and 2011 were examined.

Variations in the prevalence of childhood asthma and wheeze in MeDALL cohorts in Europe.

While there is evidence for variations in prevalence rates of childhood wheeze and asthma between countries, longitudinal, individual-level data are needed to understand these differences. The aim of this study was to examine variations in prevalence rates of childhood asthma, wheeze and wheeze with asthma in Europe. We analysed datasets from 10 MeDALL (Mechanisms of the Development of ALLergy) cohorts in eight countries, representing 26 663 children, to calculate prevalence rates of wheeze and asthma by child age and wheeze with asthma at age 4 years.

Mechanisms of the Development of Allergy (MeDALL): Introducing novel concepts in allergy phenotypes.

Asthma, rhinitis, and eczema are complex diseases with multiple genetic and environmental factors interlinked through IgE-associated and non-IgE-associated mechanisms. Mechanisms of the Development of ALLergy (MeDALL; EU FP7-CP-IP; project no: 261357; 2010-2015) studied the complex links of allergic diseases at the clinical and mechanistic levels by linking epidemiologic, clinical, and mechanistic research, including in vivo and in vitro models. MeDALL integrated 14 European birth cohorts, including 44,010 participants and 160 cohort follow-ups between pregnancy and age 20 years.

Early Exposure to Traffic-Related Air Pollution, Respiratory Symptoms at 4 Years of Age, and Potential Effect Modification by Parental Allergy, Stressful Family Events, and Sex: A Prospective Follow-up Study of the PARIS Birth Cohort.

Background: The relation between traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) exposure and the incidence of asthma/allergy in preschool children has been widely studied, but results remain heterogeneous, possibly due to differences in methodology and susceptibility to TRAP.

Objectives: We aimed to study the relation of early TRAP exposure with the development of respiratory/allergic symptoms and asthma during preschool years, and to investigate parental allergy, "stressful" family events, and sex as possible effect modifiers.

Methods: We examined data of 2,015 children from the PARIS birth cohort followed up with repeated questionnaires completed by parents until age 4 years.

Systematic Review on the Definition of Allergic Diseases in Children: The MeDALL Study.

Background: During the last decades, a large number of phenotypes and disease classifications of allergic diseases have been proposed. Despite the heterogeneity across studies, no systematic review has been conducted on phenotype classification and the criteria that define allergic diseases. We aimed to identify clinically expressed, population-based phenotypes of allergic diseases and their interrelationships, to explore disease heterogeneity and to evaluate the measurements employed in disease diagnosis.

Bisphenol A and the risk of cardiometabolic disorders: a systematic review with meta-analysis of the epidemiological evidence.

Bisphenol A (BPA) is suspected to be associated with several chronic metabolic diseases. The aim of the present study was to review the epidemiological literature on the relation between BPA exposure and the risk of cardiometabolic disorders. PubMed and Embase databases were searched up to August 2014 by two independent investigators using standardized subject terms.

Comorbidity of eczema, rhinitis, and asthma in IgE-sensitised and non-IgE-sensitised children in MeDALL: a population-based cohort study.

Background: Eczema, rhinitis, and asthma often coexist (comorbidity) in children, but the proportion of comorbidity not attributable to either chance or the role of IgE sensitisation is unknown. We assessed these factors in children aged 4-8 years.

Methods: In this prospective cohort study, we assessed children from 12 ongoing European birth cohort studies participating in MeDALL (Mechanisms of the Development of ALLergy).

Dry night cough as a marker of allergy in preschool children: the PARIS birth cohort.

Background: Early detection of children at risk for developing allergy is an important challenge. Our first analyses in infants from the Pollution and Asthma Risk: an Infant Study (PARIS) birth cohort suggested that dry night cough was associated with parental-reported allergic disorders. The aim of the present study was to refine this finding by investigating the time course of dry night cough from birth to age 4 yr in relation to blood markers of atopy and allergic morbidity.