The core septin gene CgSEP5 is associated with formation of infection structures and pathogenicity in Colletotrichum gloeosporioides.

Colletotrichum gloeosporioides is a model plant pathogenic fungus, and the appressoria are the main infection structures integral to the pathogenic process. Septin proteins play fundamental roles in facilitating shape alteration and organizing the F-actin cytoskeleton, thereby aiding the invasive growth of various fungi. Herein, we examined the roles of four septin-coding genes (CgSEP3, CgSEP4, CgSEP5, and CgSEP6) in C.

Kinetic Modeling in Temperature-Modulated Semiconductor Gas Sensor Utilizing Eley-Rideal Mechanism and Its Application in Discriminative Detection of VOCs.

This study presents a comprehensive kinetic investigation for describing the dynamic sensing process of semiconductor metal oxide (SMO)-based gas sensors, with a focus on the Eley-Rideal mechanism as a valid pathway. The modeling elucidates the direct interactions between volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and adsorbed oxygen on the material surface, providing insights into the temperature-dependent response characteristics of the sensor and addressing selectivity toward different VOCs fundamentally. By incorporating the effects of thermal modulation, the kinetic model was validated through theoretical fitting of experimental data obtained from a fabricated SnO nanoparticle gas sensor exposed to ethanol, n-propanol, toluene, and butanone at systematically varying operating temperatures.

Optical Fiber HMS Ammonia Sensor with Cellular-like N-CQDs/MgZnO at Room Temperature.

This paper presents an optical fiber hollow malposition structure (HMS) elaborated with cellular-like N-CQDs/MgZnO for detecting ammonia (NH) at room temperature. The gas detection was realized by combining the HMS to excite the surface evanescent field on the outer surface of the hollow core fiber (HCF) and the surface-coated cellular-like N-CQDs/MgZnO material for improving sensitivity. Experimental results demonstrate that the sensor coated with N-CQDs/MgZnO exhibits the highest sensitivity, reaching 8.

Multi-scale analysis of nutrient and environmental dynamics in Hongfeng Lake Southwest China.

Traditional linear correlation analysis may not fully capture the true relationship between these variables. Therefore, multi-scale running correlation analysis, such as time-dependent intrinsic correlation (TDIC) and continuous wavelet transform based on Hilbert-Huang transform (HHT), provides valuable insights into local correlations and the evolving relationship between nutrients and environmental factors over time. In this study, we investigated seven environmental factors and four water quality nutrient indicators in deep lakes on the Yungui Plateau in southwestern China.

Functional Characterization of the Transcription Factor Gene in , Which Is Responsible for Poplar Anthracnose.

is the main pathogen that causes poplar anthracnose. This hemibiotrophic fungus, which can severely decrease the economic benefits and ecological functions of poplar trees, infects the host by forming an appressorium. Hox7 is an important regulatory factor that functions downstream of the Pmk1 MAPK signaling pathway.

Environmental microbes alleviate antibiotic disturbance on plant endophytes in aquatic microcosms: Prospects for conferring fitness benefits.

Antibiotic pollution in water environment is an emerging threat to plant health. Developing efficient strategies to reassemble the antibiotic-tolerating endophytes will confer fitness benefits on host plants to alleviate antibiotic stress. Here, introducing environmental microbes was proved as a promising approach to reshape the antibiotic-tolerating plant endophytes under antibiotic stress in aquatic microcosms.

Intratumoral Escherichia Is Associated With Improved Survival to Single-Agent Immune Checkpoint Inhibition in Patients With Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer.

PURPOSEThe impact of the intratumoral microbiome on immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) efficacy in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is unknown. Preclinically, intratumoral Escherichia is associated with a proinflammatory tumor microenvironment and decreased metastases. We sought to determine whether intratumoral Escherichia is associated with outcome to ICI in patients with NSCLC.

Transcription Factor CgSte12 Regulates Pathogenicity by Affecting Appressorium Structural Development in the Anthracnose-Causing Fungus .

is the causal agent of poplar anthracnose, which induces major economic losses and adversely affects the ecosystem services of poplar forests. The appressorium serves as a penetration structure for many pathogenic fungi, including . The production of mucilage and the formation of penetration pegs are critically important for the appressorium-mediated penetration of host tissues.

Assessing cognitive impairment in home-dwelling Chinese elders aged 80+: a detailed survey of 13,000 participants focusing on demographic factors, social engagement, and disease prevalence.

Introduction: Cognitive Impairment (CI) in the elderly, encompassing conditions ranging from Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) to dementia, represents a growing public health concern globally. This study aims to investigate the prevalence and correlates of CI among individuals aged 80 and above.

Methods: The study conducts 13,027 elderly individual's door-to-door surveys, followed by the cross-tabulation of analysis data, logistic regression analysis, and health condition assessments to examine various determinants of CI.

Comparative transcriptome analysis reveals the importance of phenylpropanoid biosynthesis for the induced resistance of 84K poplar to anthracnose.

Background: Poplar anthracnose, which is one of the most important tree diseases, is primarily caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, which has been detected in poplar plantations in China and is responsible for serious economic losses. The characteristics of 84K poplar that have made it one of the typical woody model plants used for investigating stress resistance include its rapid growth, simple reproduction, and adaptability.

Results: In this study, we found that the resistance of 84K poplar to anthracnose varied considerably depending on how the samples were inoculated of the two seedlings in each tissue culture bottle, one (84K-Cg) was inoculated for 6 days, whereas the 84K-DCg samples were another seedling inoculated at the 6th day and incubated for another 6 days under the same conditions.

Overexpression of Enhances Resistance against to Soybean Pod Borer () in Soybean.

Soybean [ (L.) Merr.], an essential staple food and oil crop worldwide, boasts abundant vegetable proteins and fats beneficial for both human and animal consumption.

Immune to temperature interference sensor of carbon dioxide gas concentration based on a single modified fiber Bragg grating.

In this study, a novel method that can detect carbon dioxide (CO) concentration and realize temperature immunity based on only one fiber Bragg grating (FBG) is proposed. The outstanding contribution lies in solving the temperature crosstalk issue of FBG and ensuring the accuracy of detection results under the condition of anti-temperature interference. To achieve immunity to temperature interference without changing the initial structure of FBG, the optical fiber cladding of FBG and adjacent optical fiber cladding at both ends of FBG are modified by a polymer coating.

Gene Family Expansion during the Adaptation of to Woody Plants.

Gene gains/losses during evolution are critical for the adaptation of organisms to new environments or hosts. However, it remains unknown whether gene family expansions facilitated the adaptation of phytopathogenic fungi to woody plants. In this study, we compared the newly sequenced genome of the strain CFCC80308 with the genomes of two other strains, Cg-14 and Lc-1, isolated from and leaves, respectively.

Dynamics of -regulatory sequences and transcriptional divergence of duplicated genes in soybean.

Transcriptional divergence of duplicated genes after whole genome duplication (WGD) has been described in many plant lineages and is often associated with subgenome dominance, a genome-wide mechanism. However, it is unknown what underlies the transcriptional divergence of duplicated genes in polyploid species that lack subgenome dominance. Soybean is a paleotetraploid with a WGD that occurred 5 to 13 Mya.

Low Detection Limit and High Sensitivity 2-Butanone Gas Sensor Based on ZnO Nanosheets Decorated by Co Nanoparticles Derived from ZIF-67.

2-butanone has been certified to cause potential harm to the human body, environment, etc. Therefore, achieving a method for the high sensitivity and low limit detection of 2-butanone is of great significance. To achieve this goal, this article uses ZIF-67 prepared by a precipitation method as a cobalt source, and then prepares cobalt-modified zinc oxide nanosheets through a hydrothermal method.

The Overexpression of Peanut ( L.) in Soybean Enhances Cold Resistance.

Soybeans are the main source of oils and protein for humans and animals; however, cold stress jeopardizes their growth and limits the soybean planting area. Aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDH) are conserved enzymes that catalyze aldehyde oxidation for detoxification in response to stress. Additionally, transgenic breeding is an efficient method for producing stress-resistant germplasms.

Electronic structure analysis of NiO quantum dot-modified jackfruit-shaped ZnO sensors and sensing properties investigation of their highly sensitive and selective for butyl acetate.

Detection of flammable, explosive and toxic butyl acetate helps to avoid accidents and protect health in industrial production. However, there are few reports on butyl acetate sensors, especially highly sensitive, low detection limit and highly selective ones. In this work, density functional theory (DFT) analyzes the electronic structure of sensing materials and the adsorption energy of butyl acetate.

Effects of and Poplar Secondary Metabolites on the Composition of Poplar Phyllosphere Microbial Communities.

Poplar anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides is a common disease affecting poplars globally that causes the destruction and alteration of poplar phyllosphere microbial communities; however, few studies have investigated these communities. Therefore, in this study, three species of poplar with different resistances were investigated to explore the effects of and poplar secondary metabolites on the composition of poplar phyllosphere microbial communities. Evaluation of the phyllosphere microbial communities before and after inoculation of the poplars with revealed that both bacterial and fungal OTUs decreased after inoculation.

Comparative Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Effect of the DHN Melanin Biosynthesis Pathway on the Appressorium Turgor Pressure of the Poplar Anthracnose-Causing Fungus .

Anthracnose of poplar caused by is a leaf disease that seriously affects poplar growth. The pathogen invades the host in the form of adherent cells, which generate turgor pressure through the metabolism of intracellular substances prior to penetrating the epidermis of poplar leaves. In this study, the expansion-related pressure of the mature appressorium of the wild-type was approximately 13.

Overexpression of the aldehyde dehydrogenase from in soybean increases saline-alkali stress tolerance.

Soybean production is severely hampered by saline-alkaline stress caused by saline-alkalization. Plants have aldehydrogenase (ALDH) family members that convert reactive aldehydes to carboxylic acids to remove active aldehyde molecules. However, little is known about the increased saline-alkali tolerance caused by the ALDH function in soybean.