Notch signaling promotes differentiation, cell death and autophagy in Drosophila hematopoietic system.

Notch signaling is a highly conserved pathway between mammals and Drosophila and plays a key role in various biological processes. Drosophila has emerged as a powerful model for studying hematopoiesis and leukemia. In exception to crystal cells, the strength of Notch signaling in Drosophila lymph gland cortical zone (CZ)/intermediate zone (IZ) cells is weak.

Targeted nanoparticles for imaging and therapy of endometriosis†.

In this brief review, we discuss our efforts to validate nanoplatforms for imaging and treatment of endometriosis. We specifically highlight our use of nonhuman primates and primate tissues in this effort. Endometriosis is a painful disorder of women and nonhuman primates where endometrium-like tissue exists outside of the uterus.

Exploratory study on the metabolic similarity of denitrifying carbon sources.

Mixed carbon sources have been developed for denitrification to eliminate the "carbon dependency" problem of single carbon. The metabolic correlation between different carbon sources is significant as guidance for the development of novel mixed carbon sources. In this study, to explore the metabolic similarity of denitrifying carbon sources, we selected alcohols (methanol, ethanol, and glycerol) and saccharide carbon sources (glucose, sucrose, and starch).

A protocol for creating endometriosis in rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta).

Background: Endometriosis is the presence of endometrium-like tissue outside the uterine cavity. An experimental model of endometriosis has been created in the baboon by the transcervical collection and laparoscopic inoculation of menstrual endometrium. Macaques are the preferred model for pharmaceutical development, but the complex anatomy of the macaque cervix makes the baboon method impractical.

Molecular mechanisms through which different carbon sources affect denitrification by Thauera linaloolentis: Electron generation, transfer, and competition.

Characterizing the molecular mechanism through which different carbon sources affect the denitrification process would provide a basis for the proper selection of carbon sources, thus avoiding excessive carbon source dosing and secondary pollution while also improving denitrification efficiency. Here, we selected Thauera linaloolentis as a model organism of denitrification, whose genomic information was elucidated by draft genome sequencing and KEGG annotations, to investigate the growth kinetics, denitrification performances and characteristics of metabolic pathways under diverse carbon source conditions. We reconstructed a metabolic network of Thauera linaloolentis based on genomic analysis to help develop a systematic method of researching electron pathways.

The ecological response and distribution characteristics of microorganisms and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in a retired coal gas plant post-thermal remediation site.

Thermal remediation is one of the most common approaches of removing organic pollutants in the retired contamination sites. However, little is known about the performance of bacterial community characteristics after in situ thermal remediation. In this study, the ecological response and spatial distributional characteristics of microorganisms and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were investigated using a high throughput sequencing method in a retired coal gas plant site after in situ thermal remediation in Nanjing, China.

Insights into the relationship between denitrification and organic carbon release of solid-phase denitrification systems: Mechanism and microbial characteristics.

Solid-phase denitrification is a promising alternative denitrification technology when facing a shortage of carbon sources. Nevertheless, it is still unclear whether there is a certain interaction between the denitrification process and the carbon release process in a solid-phase denitrification system. In this study, the concept of "Self-adaptation" was proposed for the relationship between denitrification and carbon release.

The combined impact of testosterone and Western-style diet on endometriosis severity and progression in rhesus macaques†.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with irregular menstrual cycles, hyperandrogenemia, and obesity. It is currently accepted that women with PCOS are also at risk for endometriosis, but the effect of androgen and obesity on endometriosis has been underexplored. The goal of this study was to determine how testosterone (T) and an obesogenic diet impact the progression of endometriosis in a nonhuman primate (NHP) model.

Photothermal Localization in an Optofluidic Microreactor for Rapid Pretreatment toward Online Pollutant Analysis.

The realization of high-efficient digestion in a microfluidic reactor is considered to be advantageous for pretreatment toward online pollutant detection. However, it is difficult to achieve satisfactory device performance due to the gap between the low digestion reaction efficiency and the demand for rapid pretreatment for online detection. Herein, we design and manufacture an optofluidic microreactor combined with a MnO nanofilm localizing the heat inside the reaction chamber under solar irradiation, which contributes a lot to the on-chip nutrient digestion efficiency enhancement.

Innate Immunity Involves Multiple Signaling Pathways and Coordinated Communication Between Different Tissues.

The innate immune response provides the first line of defense against invading pathogens, and immune disorders cause a variety of diseases. The fruit fly employs multiple innate immune reactions to resist infection. First, epithelial tissues function as physical barriers to prevent pathogen invasion.

High nuclear ABCG1 expression is a poor predictor for hepatocellular carcinoma patient survival.

Background: ATP-binding cassette transporter G1 (ABCG1) regulates cellular cholesterol homeostasis and plays a significant role in tumor immunity. But, for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the role of ABCG1 has not been investigated. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value and clinicopathological significance of ABCG1 in HCC.

Physiological Action of Progesterone in the Nonhuman Primate Oviduct.

Therapies that target progesterone action hold potential as contraceptives and in managing gynecological disorders. Recent literature reviews describe the role of steroid hormones in regulating the mammalian oviduct and document that estrogen is required to stimulate epithelial differentiation into a fully functional ciliated and secretory state. However, these reviews do not specifically address progesterone action in nonhuman primates (NHPs).

Long-term Hyperandrogenemia and/or Western-style Diet in Rhesus Macaque Females Impairs Preimplantation Embryogenesis.

Hyperandrogenemia and obesity are common in women with polycystic ovary syndrome, but it is currently unclear how each alone or in combination contribute to reproductive dysfunction and female infertility. To distinguish the individual and combined effects of hyperandrogenemia and an obesogenic diet on ovarian function, prepubertal female rhesus macaques received a standard control (C) diet, testosterone (T) implants, an obesogenic Western-style diet (WSD), or both (T + WSD). After 5 to 6 years of treatment, the females underwent metabolic assessments and controlled ovarian stimulations.

Optofluidic Platform for Rapid On-Chip Analysis of Total Phosphorus in Surface Water Using Absorption Spectrometry.

Optofluidic devices are of high interest for online monitoring and analyzing biochemical targets in water by integrating the complex on-chip pretreatment of target analytes and spectral analysis. Compared with the traditional bulk equipment, versatile optical detection and biochemical analysis are more easily integrated on an optofluidic chip, which promotes the development of on-chip real-time rapid detection and monitoring. Here, we report an optofluidic platform for online monitoring total phosphorous in water by absorption spectrometry, which naturally combines the merits of both the photo-Fenton effect and microfluidics to realize the rapid on-chip digestion of phosphate at room temperature and normal pressure.

The Progress in the Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma With Portal Vein Tumor Thrombus.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of most prevalent cancer and is a serious healthcare issue worldwide. Portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT) is a frequent complication and remains as the blockage in the treatment of HCC with high recurrence rate and poor prognosis. There is still no global consensus or standard guideline on the management of HCC with PVTT.

Regulation of anaerobic fermentation for producing short-chain fatty acids from primary sludge in WWTPs by different alkalis.

Carbon source production from primary sludge in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) via anaerobic fermentation process has been paid more attention. However, slow hydrolysis rate and low yield of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) limited its application. This study aimed at improving the anaerobic fermentation efficiency of primary sludge by alkali regulation (NaOH, NaCO and Ca(OH)), and revealing the mechanism.

Optimization nutrient removal at different volume ratio of anoxic-to-aerobic zone in integrated fixed-film activated sludge (IFAS) system.

This study evaluated the influence of different volume ratios of the anoxic-to-aerobic zone (V/V) on the enhancement of nitrogen and phosphorus removal in an integrated fixed-film activated sludge (IFAS) system. As the V/V increased from 1:2 to 2:1, the removal of organic carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients of the IFAS system was improved. At V/V = 1:1, the removal effect of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients was optimal, and the average removal rates of COD, NH-N, TN, and TP of the system reached 90 ± 3.

Modeling sulfide production in full flow concrete sewers based on the HRT variation of sewerage.

The corrosion and odor in concrete sewers are mainly related to the sulfide production, which is, under certain circumstances, directly proportional to the hydraulic retention time (HRT) of the sewer. To reduce the corrosion and control the odor in concrete sewers, it is necessary to model the production of sulfide in the concrete sewers with different HRTs. However, previous researches were mostly carried out in simulated Perspex-made sewers, and the obtained theoretical formulas based on the Monod equation were impractical because of the complexity.

Childhood emotional neglect and problematic mobile phone use among Chinese adolescents: A longitudinal moderated mediation model involving school engagement and sensation seeking.

Background: Childhood emotional neglect has been shown to be associated with a range of emotional, behavioral and social problems. We hypothesized that childhood emotional neglect might predispose adolescents to engage in Problematic Mobile Phone Use (PMPU) as a way to meet their needs for relatedness.

Objective: Using a longitudinal design, we aimed to reveal the explanatory mechanism in the association between childhood emotional neglect and PMPU among Chinese adolescents, by testing the mediating effect of school engagement and the moderating effect of sensation seeking.

Rab5 and Rab11 maintain hematopoietic homeostasis by restricting multiple signaling pathways in .

The hematopoietic system of is a powerful genetic model for studying hematopoiesis, and vesicle trafficking is important for signal transduction during various developmental processes; however, its interaction with hematopoiesis is currently largely unknown. In this article, we selected three endosome markers, Rab5, Rab7, and Rab11, that play a key role in membrane trafficking and determined whether they participate in hematopoiesis. Inhibiting or in hemocytes or the cortical zone (CZ) significantly induced cell overproliferation and lamellocyte formation in circulating hemocytes and lymph glands and disrupted blood cell progenitor maintenance.

Mild hyperandrogenemia in presence/absence of a high-fat, Western-style diet alters secretory phase endometrial transcriptome in nonhuman primates.

Objective: To identify novel transcriptomic changes to eutopic endometrium by exposure to chronic mild hypernadrogenemia (testosterone [T]) with/without exposure to an obesogenic Western-style diet (WSD).

Design: Two-by-two factorial arrangement of treatments.

Setting: National primate research center.

Chemokine-Like Factor-Like MARVEL Transmembrane Domain-Containing Family in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Latest Advances.

Chemokine-like factor (CKLF)-like MARVEL transmembrane domain-containing family (CMTMs) is a new gene family, consisting of CKLF and CMTM1 to CMTM8, which plays an important role in hematopoiesis system, autoimmune diseases, male reproduction etc. Abnormal expression of CMTMs is also associated with tumor genesis, development and metastasis. In this review, we briefly describe the characteristics of CMTM family, outline its functions in multiple kinds of carcinomas, and summarize the latest research on their roles in hepatocellular carcinoma which are mainly related to the expression, prognostic effect, potential functions, and mechanism of action.