Myopia Management in Hong Kong.

We aimed to investigate how optometrists in Hong Kong are managing myopic and "pre-myopic" children. Clinical files for children aged 6 to 10 years old who had eye examinations from 2017 to 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. Children were grouped by the initial spherical equivalent refractive error (SER) as myopes or pre-myopes.

Spontaneous interactions between typical antibiotics and soil enzyme: Insights from multi-spectroscopic approaches, XPS technology, molecular modeling, and joint toxic actions.

A large amount of antibiotics enters the soil environment and accumulates therein as individuals and mixtures, threatening the soil safety. However, there is little information regarding the influence of single and mixed antibiotics on key soil proteins at molecular level. In this study, setting sulfadiazine (SD) and tetracycline hydrochloride (TC) as the representative antibiotics, the interactions between these agents and α-amylase (an important hydrolase in soil carbon cycle) were investigated through multi-spectroscopic approaches, X-ray photoelectron spectrometry, and molecular modeling.

Quantitative evaluation on thermal seeing induced 2m ring solar telescope.

Thermal seeing is one of the factors that affect solar telescope observations. A comprehensive analysis method is developed to quantify the thermal seeing effects. A three-dimensional Large Eddy Simulation (LES) turbulence model is used to obtain the transient flow fields around the primary mirror, the secondary mirror and the heat-stop.

Research on piston error sensing for segmented mirrors under atmospheric turbulence.

Large aperture ground-based segmented telescopes typically use electrical edge sensors to detect co-phase errors. However, complex observing environments can lead to zero-point drift of the edge sensors, making it challenging to maintain the long-term co-phase of the segmented primary mirror using only edge sensors. Therefore, employing optical piston error detection methods for short-term calibration of edge sensors can address the issue of zero-point drift in the sensors.

Study of transient behaviors of wavefront error caused by natural convection for improving mirror seeing.

Astronomical seeing parameters calculated based on the Kolmogorov turbulence model cannot fully evaluate the effect of the natural convection (NC) above a solar telescope mirror on the image quality, as the convective air motions and temperature variations of the NC are significantly different from the Kolmogorov turbulence. In this work, a new method based on the transient behaviors and frequency characteristics of NC-related wavefront error (WFE) are investigated in detail and used to evaluate the image quality degradation caused by a heated telescope mirror, aiming to make up for the deficiency of astronomical seeing parameters with the conventional method in evaluating the image quality degradation. Transient computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations and WFE calculations based on discrete sampling and ray segmentation are performed to quantitatively evaluate the transient behaviors of the NC-related WFE.

Research on accurate non-contact temperature measurement method for telescope mirror.

Non-contact temperature measurement for a solar telescope mirror is critical for improving the mirror seeing and thermal deformation of solar telescopes, a long-standing challenge in astronomy. This challenge arises from the telescope mirror's inherent weak thermal radiation, often overwhelmed by reflected background radiations due to its high reflectivity. In this work, an infrared mirror thermometer (IMT) is equipped with a thermally-modulated reflector, and a measurement method based on an equation for extracting mirror radiation (EEMR) has been developed for probing the accurate radiation and temperature of the telescope mirror.

Intraocular pressure variation from ocular compression in low and high myopia.

Clinical Relevance: Change in intraocular pressure during acute ocular compression is related to aqueous humour dynamics. Monitoring intraocular pressure (IOP) change throughout ocular compression has potential to evaluate aqueous outflow facilities.

Background: Recent studies have monitored lamina cribrosa deformation using optical coherence tomography during ocular compression.

A combination of portal vein stent insertion and endovascular iodine-125 seed-strip implantation, followed by transcatheter arterial chemoembolization with sorafenib for treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma-associated portal vein tumor thrombus.

Purpose: This study aimed to assess efficacy of portal vein stent (PVS) insertion and endovascular iodine-125 (I) seed-strip implantation, followed by transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) with sorafenib (PVS-I TACE-S) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)-associated type II or type III portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT).

Material And Methods: A retrospective study was performed on 53 consecutive patients with HCC and type II or type III PVTT, from May 2014 to July 2018. Patients were divided into 2 groups, including group A with 28 patients treated with PVS-I TACE-S, and group B with 25 patients treated with TACE-S.

Active maintenance of a segmented mirror based on edge and tip sensing.

An 8 m ring aperture segmented telescope is one of the important elements of the Chinese Giant Solar Telescope (CGST) project. In addition, active control of the primary mirror has become a key technology of the 8 wm ring solar telescope (8 m RST). Due to the particularity of the ring aperture, the active maintenance of the segmented RST faces the following problem: edge detection cannot provide enough information to fulfil the closed-loop control.

The efficacy of the combination of percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage and I stranded seeds for malignant bile duct obstruction treatment.

Purpose: To investigate the efficacy of percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) combined with iodine-125 (I) stranded seeds for the treatment of malignant bile duct obstruction (MBO).

Material And Methods: A retrospective study was performed on 58 consecutive MBO patients. Twenty patients underwent PTBD combined with I stranded seeds (group A).

Efficacy of I Versus Non-I Combined with Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization for the Treatment of Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Obstructive Jaundice.

Purpose: To compare the therapeutic effects of I versus non-I combined with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) for the treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with obstructive jaundice.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted using the records of 54 consecutive patients who were initially diagnosed with HCC with obstructive jaundice between May 2009 and July 2016. Twenty-one cases (group A) were treated with percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) followed by I radioactive seed strip implantation through the PTBD tube.