A novel parameterized neutrosophic score function and its application in genetic algorithm.

Efficiency, safety and cost are three major evaluation indexes of warehouse operation. However, the uncertainty of efficiency, safety and cost factors will lead to economic losses and waste of resources. The purpose of this study is to propose a novel parameterized neutrosophic objective-proportionate genetic algorithm model (PNO-PGA) to optimize the above three objectives.

Some aggregation operators of neutrosophic Z-numbers and their multicriteria decision making method.

As the generalization of the classical fuzzy number, the concept of Z-number introduced by Zadeh indicates more ability to depict the human knowledge and judgments of both restraint and reliability as an order pair of fuzzy numbers. In indeterminacy and inconsistent environment, a neutrosophic set is described by the truth, falsity, and indeterminacy degrees, but they lack measures related to reliability. To describe the hybrid information of combining the truth, falsity and indeterminacy degrees with their corresponding reliability degrees, this paper first proposes the concept of a neutrosophic Z-number (NZN) set, which is a new framework of neutrosophic values combined with the neutrosophic measures of reliability, as the generalization of the Z-number and the neutrosophic set.

Case Report: Pink Urine Syndrome Following Exposure to Propofol: A Rare, Impressive but Benign Complication.

Drug-induced changes in urine color induced by drugs may have clinical significance. Pink urine syndrome (PUS), which has been associated with urinary uric acid (UA) disorders, is most frequently reported in patients with morbid obesity undergoing gastric bypass surgery and/or from propofol anesthesia use in those who potentially have preexisting UA metabolism disorders. However, PUS has rarely occurred following exposure to propofol in non-obese patients, and literature on long-term follow-up after PUS is scarce.

Graphene quantum dots in photodynamic therapy.

Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) have shown great promise in a variety of medical applications. Recently, it has been found that GQDs are also beneficial for photodynamic therapy (PDT). However, the findings of GQDs as PDT agents have been controversial in the literature.

Separating graphene quantum dots by lateral size through gel column chromatography.

Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) prepared through photo-Fenton reaction of graphene oxide are separated gel column chromatography. The as-separated GQDs were selectively introduced into the active layer of organic solar cells and achieved an enhancement of power conversion efficiency (PCE).

Flexible micro-supercapacitors assembled via chemically reduced graphene oxide films assisted by a laser printer.

Flexible micro-supercapacitors (MSCs) as power suppliers are important for portable and wearable electronic devices. Despite enormous efforts made, a simple, inexpensive high-throughput technique of graphene-based MSCs is still challenging. In this work, flexible MSCs are fabricated through commercial laser printing of the interdigital configuration of reduced graphene oxide-graphene oxide-reduced graphene oxide (rGO-GO-rGO) where the conductive rGO works as the electrode and the insulated GO serves as the separator.

Composites of Graphene Quantum Dots and Reduced Graphene Oxide as Catalysts for Nitroarene Reduction.

Composites of graphene quantum dots (GQDs) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) with unique three-dimensional (3D) structure are prepared and their catalytic activities for reduction of nitroarenes are explored. We demonstrate that the 3D GQDs/rGO composites are more active in nitroarene reduction than GQDs and rGO. Some of them are even more active than the Ag-embedded calcium alginate (Ag/CA) or Au-embedded calcium alginate (Au/CA) catalysts.

Analysis of a time-delayed mathematical model for tumour growth with an almost periodic supply of external nutrients.

In this paper, the existence, uniqueness and exponential stability of almost periodic solutions for a mathematical model of tumour growth are studied. The establishment of the model is based on the reaction-diffusion dynamics and mass conservation law and is considered with a delay in the cell proliferation process. Using a fixed-point theorem in cones, the existence and uniqueness of almost periodic solutions for different parameter values of the model is proved.

Graphene Quantum Dots Downregulate Multiple Multidrug-Resistant Genes via Interacting with Their C-Rich Promoters.

Multidrug resistance (MDR) is the major factor in the failure of many forms of chemotherapy, mostly due to the increased efflux of anticancer drugs that mediated by ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters. Therefore, inhibiting ABC transporters is one of effective methods of overcoming MDR. However, high enrichment of ABC transporters in cells and their broad substrate spectra made to circumvent MDR are almost insurmountable by a single specific ABC transporter inhibitor.

A Time-Delayed Mathematical Model for Tumor Growth with the Effect of a Periodic Therapy.

A time-delayed mathematical model for tumor growth with the effect of periodic therapy is studied. The establishment of the model is based on the reaction-diffusion dynamics and mass conservation law and is considered with a time delay in cell proliferation process. Sufficient conditions for the global stability of tumor free equilibrium are given.

Graphene quantum dots enhance anticancer activity of cisplatin via increasing its cellular and nuclear uptake.

Using assistant reagents to improve the pharmaceutical performance of cisplatin (CDDP) has been one of promising strategies. Owing to their extraordinary properties, graphene quantum dots (GQDs) have shown great potentials in biomedical applications. Here we demonstrate that the combination of GQDs with CDDP can effectively enhance the cytotoxicity, cell cycle arrest, and DNA fragmentation that induced by CDDP.

Effect of Lateral Size of Graphene Quantum Dots on Their Properties and Application.

Well-defined graphene quantum dots (GQDs) are crucial for their biological applications and the construction of nanoscaled optoelectronic and electronic devices. However, as-synthesized GQDs reported in many works assume a very wide lateral size distribution; thus, their apparent properties cannot truthfully reflect intrinsic properties of the well-defined GQDs, and more importantly, the applications of GQDs will be affected and limited as well. In this work, we demonstrated that different sized GQDs with a narrow size distribution could be obtained via gel electrophoresis of the crude GQDs prepared through a photo-Fenton reaction of graphene oxide (GO).

Steady-state analysis of necrotic core formation for solid avascular tumors with time delays in regulatory apoptosis.

A mathematical model for the growth of solid avascular tumor with time delays in regulatory apoptosis is studied. The existence of stationary solutions and the mechanism of formation of necrotic cores in the growth of the tumors are studied. The results show that if the natural death rate of the tumor cell exceeds a fixed positive constant, then the dormant tumor is nonnecrotic; otherwise, the dormant tumor is necrotic.

A highly fluorescent metallosalalen-based chiral cage for enantioselective recognition and sensing.

A highly fluorescent coordination cage [Zn8L4I8] has been constructed by treating enantiopure pyridyl-functionalized metallosalalen units (L) with zinc(II) iodide and characterized by a variety of techniques including microanalysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy, and single-crystal and powder X-ray diffraction. Strong intermolecular π-π, CH⋅⋅⋅π, and CH⋅⋅⋅I interactions direct packing of the cage molecules to generate a 3D polycage network interconnected by pentahedral cages formed by adjacent pentamers. The cage has an amphiphilic helical cavity decorated with chiral NH functionalities capable of interactions with guest species such as saccharides.

Development of a real-time crash risk prediction model incorporating the various crash mechanisms across different traffic states.

Objective: This study aimed to identify the traffic flow variables contributing to crash risks under different traffic states and to develop a real-time crash risk model incorporating the varying crash mechanisms across different traffic states.

Methods: The crash, traffic, and geometric data were collected on the I-880N freeway in California in 2008 and 2009. This study considered 4 different traffic states in Wu's 4-phase traffic theory.