Impact of childhood exposure to traffic related air pollution on adult cardiometabolic health: Exploring the role of perceived stress.

Background: Little is known about how childhood exposure to traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) and stress interact to affect adults' cardiometabolic health. We examined this interaction and assessed the impact of over 10 years of childhood TRAP exposure on cardiometabolic health.

Methods: From 2018 to 2023, 313 young adults from the Southern California Children's Health Study were enrolled in a follow-up assessment.

Association Between Cardiovascular Health and Subclinical Atherosclerosis Among Young Adults Using the American Heart Association's "Life's Essential 8" Metrics.

Background: This study investigated the association of American Heart Association's cardiovascular health guidelines Life's Essential 8 (LE8) and Life's Simple 7 (LS7) with carotid artery outcomes among young adults.

Methods And Results: This cross-sectional study included 240 young adults (age 24.2±1.

Exposure to metal mixtures and telomere length in Bangladeshi children.

Telomere length is associated with chronic diseases and in younger populations, may represent a biomarker of disease susceptibility. As growing evidence suggests that environmental factors, including metals, may impact telomere length, we investigated the association between 17 metals measured in toenail samples and leukocyte relative telomere length (RTL), among 472 five- to seven-year-old children enrolled in the Bangladesh Environmental Research in Children's Health (BiRCH) cohort. In single exposure linear regression models, a doubling of arsenic (As) and mercury (Hg) (μg/g) were associated with a -0.

Discovery of extracellular vesicle-delivered miR-185-5p in the plasma of patients as an indicator for advanced adenoma and colorectal cancer.

Background: We aimed to evaluate whether extracellular vesicles (EV)-derived microRNAs (miRNAs) can be used as biomarkers for advanced adenoma (AA) and colorectal cancer (CRC).

Methods: We detected the changes in the plasma EV-delivered miRNA profiles in healthy donor (HD), AA patient, and I-II stage CRC patient groups using miRNA deep sequencing assay. We performed the TaqMan miRNA assay using 173 plasma samples (two independent cohorts) from HDs, AA patients, and CRC patients to identify the candidate miRNA(s).

Assessment of the statistical optimization strategies and clinical evaluation of an artificial intelligence-based automated diagnostic system for thyroid nodule screening.

Background: Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine cancer in the world. Accurately distinguishing between benign and malignant thyroid nodules is particularly important for the early diagnosis and treatment of thyroid cancer. This study aimed to investigate the best possible optimization strategies for an already-trained artificial intelligence (AI)-based automated diagnostic system for thyroid nodule screening and, in addition, to scrutinize the clinically relevant limitations using stratified analysis to better standardize the application in clinical workflows.

Does crime trigger genetic risk for type 2 diabetes in young adults? A G x E interaction study using national data.

Background: Living in neighborhoods perceived as disordered exacerbates genetic risk for type 2 diabetes (T2D) among older adults. It is unknown whether this gene-neighborhood interaction extends to younger adults. The present study aims to investigate whether crime, an objectively measured indicator of neighborhood disorder, triggers genetic risk for T2D among younger adults, and whether this hypothesized triggering occurs through exposure to obesity.

In the eyes of the beholder: Race, place and health.

Racial and ethnic health disparities are fundamentally connected to neighborhood quality. For example, as a result of historical systemic inequities, racial and ethnic minorities are more likely to live in neighborhoods with signs of physical disorder (e.g.

Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of Gene Family in Response to Low-Temperature and Salt Stresses in .

Calmodulin (CaM) and calmodulin-like proteins (CML) act as significant Ca sensors binding Ca with EF-hand motifs and have been reported to be involved in various environmental stresses in plants. In this study, calmodulin gene family members were identified based on the genome of published recently; a phylogenetic tree was constructed; gene structures and chromosomal locations of were depicted; cis-acting regulatory elements were predicted; collinearity and duplicate events of were analyzed using MCScanX software; and the expression levels of in response to abiotic stress were analyzed, based on the published RNA-seq data. We identified 86 (4 and 82 ) genes in total.

Eisenmenger Syndrome Among Children with Unrepaired Congenital Heart Defects in Yunnan, China.

Eisenmenger syndrome is a life-threatening complication of congenital heart defects (CHD). Since Eisenmenger syndrome among children of repaired CHD is rare, very few studies have had the necessary data to investigate its distribution in children. The current study used data collected in rural China to investigate the prevalence of Eisenmenger syndrome in children with unrepaired CHD.

Obesogenic environments and cardiovascular disease: a path analysis using US nationally representative data.

Introduction: People living in obesogenic environments, with limited access to healthful food outlets and exercise facilities, generally have poor health. Previous research suggests that behavioral risk factors and indicators of physiological functioning may mediate this link; however, no studies to date have had the requisite data to investigate multi-level behavioral and physiological risk factors simultaneously. The present study conducted serial and parallel mediation analyses to examine behavioral and physiological pathways explaining the association between environmental obesogenicity and cardiovascular disease (CVD).

Genome-wide identification of expansin gene family in barley and drought-related expansins identification based on RNA-seq.

Expansins are cell wall loosening proteins and involved in various developmental processes and abiotic stress. No systematic research, however, has been conducted on expansin genes family in barley. A total of 46 expansins were identified and could be classified into three subfamilies in Hordeum vulgare: HvEXPA, HvEXPB, and HvEXLA.

What predicts how safe people feel in their neighborhoods and does it depend on functional status?

Feeling unsafe in one's neighborhood is related to poor health. Features of the neighborhood environment have been suggested to inform perceptions of neighborhood safety. Yet, the relative contribution of these features (e.

Dynamic regulation of small RNAs in anthocyanin accumulation during blueberry fruit maturation.

Blueberry is rich in anthocyanins which accumulate during fruit maturation. Previous studies mostly focus on their translational/transcriptional regulation, but usually underestimate their post-transcriptional regulation, e.g.

Revised threshold values for neonatal oxygen saturation at mild and moderate altitudes.

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine reference values for oxygen saturation (SpO ) in neonates at mild and moderate altitudes.

Methods: Our study included 41 097 consecutively born, asymptomatic neonates from 35 hospitals, located in Yunnan, China, with altitudes ranging from 267 to 2202 m. Pre-and post-ductal SpO of each neonate was measured at 24 hours of age and before hospital discharge.

Functional analysis of FLOWERING LOCUS T orthologs from spring orchid (Cymbidium goeringii Rchb. f.) that regulates the vegetative to reproductive transition.

The FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) gene plays crucial roles in regulating the vegetative-to-reproductive phase transition. The FT-like gene of spring orchid (Cymbidium goeringii Rchb. f.

MiR-18a regulates expression of the pancreatic transcription factor Ptf1a in pancreatic progenitor and acinar cells.

The basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor Ptf1a plays stage-specific roles in the developing pancreas. During early pancreatic development, low levels of Ptf1a preferentially promote the differentiation of pancreatic progenitor cells into endocrine cells, whereas high levels of Ptf1a shift pancreatic progenitors towards an exocrine cell fate. In adults, Ptf1a is essential for the production of exocrine enzymes by pancreatic acinar cells.