Nanopollutants (nZnO) amplify hypoxia-induced cellular stress in a keystone marine bivalve, Mytilus edulis.

Zinc oxide nanoparticles (nZnO) are increasingly utilized in industrial, medical, and personal care products, particularly as the main ingredient in sunscreens, raising concerns about their environmental impact, especially in coastal ecosystems. The Baltic Sea, experiencing severe eutrophication, faces persistent hypoxia due to excessive nutrient runoff and limited water exchange. Simultaneously, coastal pollution from industrial and urban activities introduces nZnO, a highly biotoxic nanopollutant.

A Simple and Efficient One-Step Synthesis System for Flexible Production of Circular RNA in .

Circular RNA (circRNA) exhibits a higher stability and intracellular half-life than linear RNA and has better potential in the fields of RNA vaccines and RNAi drugs. The current strategies for circRNA preparation have low efficiency, high costs, and high complexity, which significantly limits their applications. In this paper, we propose a one-step synthesis of circRNA based on The four RNA sequence lengths of 1700, 1400, 500, and 64 nt were connected to group II intron elements from the surface protein region of and then inserted downstream of the T7 promoter in the pET28a plasmid to assist in cyclization.

Nematicidal effects of silencing arginine kinase in the pine wood nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, determined using a dsRNA-like siRNA assembly.

The pine wood nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus is a highly invasive species responsible for the widespread pine wilt disease. Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) biopesticides represent a novel strategy for controlling plant-parasitic nematodes. The B.

Inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 Replication by Self-Assembled siRNA Nanoparticles Targeting Multiple Highly Conserved Viral Sequences.

Coronavirus infectious disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory virus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has caused a global public health crisis. As an RNA virus, the high gene mutability of SARS-CoV-2 poses significant challenges to the development of broad-spectrum vaccines and antiviral therapeutics. There remains a lack of specific therapeutics directly targeting SARS-CoV-2.

Development of an RNA Nanostructure for Effective Control through Spray-Induced Gene Silencing without an Extra Nanocarrier.

Spray-induced gene silencing represents an eco-friendly approach for crop protection through the use of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) to activate the RNA interference (RNAi) pathway, thereby silencing crucial genes in pathogens. The major challenges associated with dsRNA are its limited stability and poor cellular uptake, necessitating repeated applications for effective crop protection. In this study, RNA nanoparticles (NPs) were proposed as effectors in plants and pathogens by inducing the RNAi pathway and silencing gene expression.

Development and application of an RNA nanostructure to induce transient RNAi in difficult transgenic plants.

The development of RNA interference (RNAi) is crucial for studying plant gene function. Its use, is limited to a few plants with well-established transgenic techniques. Spray-induced gene silencing (SIGS) introduces exogenous double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) into plants by spraying, injection, or irrigation, triggering the RNAi pathway to instantly silence target genes.

Exposure to nanopollutants (nZnO) enhances the negative effects of hypoxia and delays recovery of the mussels' immune system.

Aquatic environments face escalating challenges from multiple stressors like hypoxia and nanoparticle exposure, with impact of these combined stressors on mussel immunity being poorly understood. We investigated the individual and combined effects of short-term and long-term hypoxia and exposure to zinc oxide nanoparticles (nZnO) on immune system of the mussels (Mytilus edulis). Hemocyte functional traits (mortality, adhesion capacity, phagocytosis, lysosomal abundance, and oxidative burst), and transcript levels of immune-related genes involved in pathogen recognition (the Toll-like receptors, the complement system components, and the adaptor proteins MyD88) were assessed.

Sonochemical regulation of oxygen vacancies for BiWO nanosheet-based photoanodes to promote photoelectrochemical performance.

Integration of oxygen vacancies (Vo) into nanostructured semiconductor-based photocatalysts has been recognized as a promising strategy for enhancing the performance of photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting. However, precisely controlling the Vo concentration in photocatalysts an effective and tunable approach remains challenging. Herein, a series of optimized bismuth tungstate (BiWO) nanosheet-based photoanodes with varying concentrations of Vo were prepared by a sonochemical method with cavitation detection, which enables accurate manipulation of the acoustic cavitation intensity applied to the surface of BiWO photoanodes in alkaline solution.

Incidence and risk outcomes of second primary malignancy of patients with post-operative colorectal cancer.

Background And Aims: This study aimed to investigate the incidence and the risk factors of incidence for second primary malignancies (SPMs) onset among survivors diagnosed with colorectal cancer (CRC).

Methods: A large population-based cohort study was performed. Data of patients diagnosed with CRC was identified and extracted from 8 cancer registries of Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database from January 1990 to December 2017.

Genome-wide identification and validation of tomato-encoded sRNA as the cross-species antifungal factors targeting the virulence genes of .

Recent evidence shows that small RNAs are transferred from a species to another through cross-species transmission and exhibit biological activities in the receptor. In this study, we focused on tomato-derived sRNAs play a role of defense against . Bioinformatics method was firstly employed to identify tomato-encoded sRNAs as the cross-species antifungal factors targeting genes.

Salinity variation modulates cellular stress response to ZnO nanoparticles in a sentinel marine bivalve, the blue mussel Mytilussp.

Zinc oxide nanoparticles are released into marine environments from industrial, medical and consumer uses sparking concerns about their potential ecotoxicological effects. Ecological hazard assessment of nZnO in marine ecosystems is hindered by the lack of understanding of the potential interactive effects of nZnO toxicity with other common abiotic stressors, such as salinity fluctuations, in marine organisms. To close this gap in our knowledge, we carried out a comprehensive biomarker-based assessment of the combined effects of salinity and nZnO in a sentinel marine bivalve, the blue mussels Mytilus edulis.

Interactive effects of ZnO nanoparticles and temperature on molecular and cellular stress responses of the blue mussel Mytilus edulis.

Temperature is an important abiotic factor that modulates all aspects of ectotherm physiology, including sensitivity to pollutants. Nanoparticles are emerging pollutants in coastal environments, and their potential to cause toxicity in marine organisms is a cause for concern. Here we studied the interactive effects of temperature (including seasonal and experimental warming) on sublethal toxicity of ZnO nanoparticles (nano-ZnO) in a model marine bivalve, the blue mussel Mytilus edulis.

Molecular mechanism of modulating miR482b level in tomato with botrytis cinerea infection.

Background: Plant miRNAs are involved in the response to biotic and abiotic stresses by altering their expression levels, and they play an important role in the regulation of plant resistance to stress. However, the molecular mechanism that regulates the expression levels of miRNAs in plants with biotic and abiotic stress still needs to be explored. Previously, we found that the expression of the miR482 family was changed in tomato infected by Botrytis cinerea.

Immune responses to ZnO nanoparticles are modulated by season and environmental temperature in the blue mussels Mytilus edulis.

Increased production and release of ZnO nanoparticles (nZnO) can cause toxic effects on marine ecosystems and aquatic organisms. However, nZnO toxicity and its modulation by common environmental stressors such as temperature are not yet fully understood. We examined the responses of immune cells (hemocytes) of the blue mussels (Mytilus edulis) exposed to different concentrations (0, 10, 100 μg l) of nZnO or dissolved zinc combined with two temperatures (ambient (10 °C in winter and 15 °C in summer) and warming (+5 °C above ambient temperature)) in winter and summer for 21 days.

Salinity-dependent effects of ZnO nanoparticles on bioenergetics and intermediate metabolite homeostasis in a euryhaline marine bivalve, Mytilus edulis.

Engineered nanoparticles including ZnO nanoparticles (nZnO) are important emerging pollutants in aquatic ecosystems creating potential risks to coastal ecosystems and associated biota. The toxicity of nanoparticles and its interaction with the important environmental stressors (such as salinity variation) are not well understood in coastal organisms and require further investigation. Here, we examined the interactive effects of 100 μg l nZnO or dissolved Zn (as a positive control for Zn release) and salinity (normal 15, low 5, and fluctuating 5-15) on bioenergetics and intermediate metabolite homeostasis of a keystone marine bivalve, the blue mussel Mytilus edulis from the Baltic Sea.

miR319c acts as a positive regulator of tomato against Botrytis cinerea infection by targeting TCP29.

miR319 family is one of the oldest and most conservative miRNA families in plant and plays an important role in plant development and abiotic stress response. In our previous study, the abundance of sly-miR319c was increased in tomatoes infected by B. cinerea, but the roles and regulatory mechanisms of sly-miR319c in B.

Screening value for gastrointestinal lesions of magnetic-controlled capsule endoscopy in asymptomatic individuals.

Background And Aim: Most patients with gastric tumors and precancerous lesions are asymptomatic, which often results in delayed diagnosis and treatment. Compared with conventional gastroscopy and capsule endoscopy, magnetic-controlled capsule endoscopy is a non-invasive, effective, and cost-efficient diagnostic modality for gastric examination. We retrospectively investigated magnetic-controlled capsule endoscopy as a screening tool for gastrointestinal lesions (particularly gastric tumors and precancerous lesions) in asymptomatic individuals.

Season-dependent effects of ZnO nanoparticles and elevated temperature on bioenergetics of the blue mussel Mytilus edulis.

Input of ZnO nanoparticles (nZnO) from multiple sources have raised concerns about the potential toxic effects on estuarine and coastal organisms. The toxicity of nZnO and its interaction with common abiotic stressors (such as elevated temperature) are not well understood in these organisms. Here, we examined the bioenergetics responses of the blue mussel Mytilus edulis exposed for 21 days to different concentrations of nZnO or dissolved zinc (Zn) (0, 10, 100 μg l) and two temperatures (ambient and 5 °C warmer) in winter and summer.

Novel tomato miRNA miR1001 initiates cross-species regulation to suppress the conidiospore germination and infection virulence of Botrytis cinerea in vitro.

Recent evidence has shown that microRNAs are transferred from one species to another through cross-species transmission and exhibit biological activities in the receptor. However, the cross-kingdom regulation of pathogen virulence by plant-derived miRNAs is rarely reported. This study investigated the regulatory role of novel tomato miRNA miR1001 in the growth and development of Botrytis cinerea.

Toxic epidermal necrolysis syndrome induced by tigecycline: a case report.

A 56-year-old man diagnosed with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma underwent autologous bone marrow transplantation. He was subsequently admitted to the hospital with fever, and his symptoms were initially controlled by multiple antibiotics, including tigecycline. He then developed a generalized body rash that improved after treatment with anti-allergy drugs and steroids.

Interactive effects of salinity variation and exposure to ZnO nanoparticles on the innate immune system of a sentinel marine bivalve, Mytilus edulis.

ZnO nanoparticles (nZnO) are released into the coastal environment from multiple sources, yet their toxicity to marine organisms is not well understood. We investigated the interactive effects of salinity (normal 15, low 5, and fluctuating 5-15) and nZnO (100 μg l) on innate immunity of the blue mussels Mytilus edulis from a brackish area of the Baltic Sea. Exposure to ionic Zn (100 μg l) was used to test whether the toxic effects of nZnO can be attributed to the potential release of Zn.

Specific dynamic action of mussels exposed to TiO nanoparticles and seawater acidification.

Both nanoparticles (NPs) and ocean acidification (OA) pose threats to marine animals as well as marine ecosystems. The present study aims to evaluate the combined effects of NPs and OA on specific dynamic action (SDA) of mussels. The thick shell mussels Mytilus coruscus were exposed to two levels of pH (7.

Nano-TiO impairs digestive enzyme activities of marine mussels under ocean acidification.

With the development of nanotechnology and increased nanomaterial application, TiO nanoparticles have been released into the aquatic environment, causing potential ecotoxicological effects on aquatic organisms. Ocean acidification caused by anthropogenic CO is one of the most common environmental stressors, occurring simultaneously with marine contaminants, e.g.

The effects of ZnO nanostructures of different morphology on bioenergetics and stress response biomarkers of the blue mussels Mytilus edulis.

Biofouling causes massive economical losses in the maritime sector creating an urgent need for effective and ecologically non-harmful antifouling materials. Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorod coatings show promise as an antifouling material; however, the toxicity of ZnO nanorods to marine organisms is not known. We compared the toxicity of suspended ZnO nanorods (NR) with that of ZnO nanoparticles (NP) and ionic Zn in a marine bivalve Mytilus edulis exposed for two weeks to 10 or 100 μg Zn L of ZnO NPs, NRs or Zn, or to immobilized NRs.

Classification and characterization of hemocytes from two Asian horseshoe crab species Tachypleus tridentatus and Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda.

In present study, transmission electron microscopy and flow cytometry were utilized to investigate the classification, characterization and immune functions of hemocytes from horseshoe crab, Tachypleus tridentatus and Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda. Three types of hemocytes were distinguished respectively: the granular cell, the semi-granular cell and the hyaline cell by transmission electron microscopy, while three hemocyte subpopulations (Gate 1 cell, Gate 2 cell, Gate 3 cell) were classified by flow cytometry. Hyaline cell was the major cell type with the highest nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio and granular cell and semi-granular cell showed lower ratios.