ANO1-Mediated Inhibition of Cancer Ferroptosis Confers Immunotherapeutic Resistance through Recruiting Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts.

The application of immunotherapy in gastrointestinal (GI) cancers remains challenging because of the limited response rate and emerging therapeutic resistance. Combining clinical cohorts, multi-omics study, and functional/molecular experiments, it is found that ANO1 amplification or high-expression predicts poor outcomes and resistance to immunotherapy for GI cancer patients. Knocking-down or inhibiting ANO1 suppresses the growth/metastasis/invasion of multiple GI cancer cell lines, cell-derived xenograft, and patient-derived xenograft models.

First-in-human CLDN18.2 functional diagnostic pet imaging of digestive system neoplasms enables whole-body target mapping and lesion detection.

Purpose: Claudin 18.2 (CLDN18.2) is a reliable target for lesion detection and could have clinical implications for epithelial tumors, especially digestive system neoplasms.

Extracellular Vesicle-Derived Protein File from Peripheral Blood Predicts Immune-Related Adverse Events in Gastric Cancer Patients Receiving Immunotherapy.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) initiate a new stage for gastric cancer (GC) therapeutics, and plenty of patients have already benefited from ICIs. Liquid biopsy promotes the development of precision medicine of GC. However, due to the lack of precision biomarkers of immune-related adverse events (irAEs), the safety of ICIs-treated GC patients cannot be guaranteed.

Special issue "The advance of solid tumor research in China": FGFR4 alterations predict efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in nonsmall cell lung cancer.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), which represent the new standard of care for advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer (NCSLC), are not effective in many patients. Biomarkers are needed to guide treatment. Sequencing data of an ICI-treated cohort were analyzed to identify genomic signatures predicting ICI efficacy, followed by validation using multiple independent cohorts.

Plasma extracellular vesicle derived protein profile predicting and monitoring immunotherapeutic outcomes of gastric cancer.

Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-based immunotherapy brought new hope for gastric cancer (GC) treatment. However, due to the lack of proper biomarkers, patient selection and outcome prediction for GC's immunotherapy remain unsatisfying. In this study, through applying an extracellular vesicle (EV) protein expression array, we assessed the correlation of plasma EV-derived protein spectrum with outcomes of ICI-related therapeutic combinations.

miRNAs derived from plasma small extracellular vesicles predict organo-tropic metastasis of gastric cancer.

Background: Peritoneum, liver and lymph node are the most common metastatic sites of gastric cancer (GC). Biomarkers for GC's organo-tropic metastasis remained largely unknown, which was investigated in this study from the perspective of small extracellular vesicle (sEV)-derived miRNAs.

Methods: Plasma from treatment-naïve GC patients including no metastasis (M0), peritoneal metastasis (PM), hepatic metastasis (HM) and distant lymph node metastasis (dLNM)) were divided into one discovery (N = 40), one training (N = 40) and one validating cohort (N = 86), then assessed by sEV-miRNA-sequencing and sEV-miRNA-qPCR.

Integrative analysis of genomic, epigenomic and transcriptomic data identified molecular subtypes of esophageal carcinoma.

Esophageal cancer (EC) involves many genomic, epigenetic and transcriptomic disorders, which play key roles in the heterogeneous progression of cancer. However, the study of EC with multi-omics has not been conducted. This study identified a high consistency between DNA copy number variations and abnormal methylations in EC by analyzing genomics, epigenetics and transcriptomics data and investigating mutual correlations of DNA copy number variation, methylation and gene expressions, and stratified copy number variation genes (CNV-Gs) and methylation genes (MET-Gs).

YARS as an oncogenic protein that promotes gastric cancer progression through activating PI3K-Akt signaling.

Purpose: Members of the aaRS (aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase) family are proteins controlling the aminoacylation process, in which YARS (tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase) catalyzes the binding of tyrosine to its cognate tRNA and plays an important role in basic biosynthesis. Several studies have demonstrated the association between YARS mutation and certain developmental abnormalities/diseases, yet YARS's linkage with cancer remains uncategorized. In this study, by combining in silico, in vitro, and in vivo studies, we explored the expressions and functions of YARS in gastric cancer (GC).