Boosting the electron beam transmittance of field emission cathode using a self-charging gate.

The gate-type carbon nanotubes cathodes exhibit advantages in long-term stable emission owing to the uniformity of electrical field on the carbon nanotubes, but the gate inevitably reduces the transmittance of electron beam, posing challenges for system stabilities. In this work, we introduce electron beam focusing technique using the self-charging SiN/Au/Si gate. The potential of SiN is measured to be approximately -60 V quickly after the cathode turning on, the negative potential can be maintained as the emission goes on.

Modified rigorous coupled-wave analysis for multi-layer deformable gratings with arbitrary profiles and materials.

In this paper, the rigorous coupled-wave analysis (RCWA) is extended for general multi-layer deformable gratings with arbitrary numbers of layers, surface profiles, layer offsets, and materials. The contribution from the offset between grating layers and/or due to the movement of the deformable grating layer is included in the expansion of the relative permittivity by the Fourier series, enabling the calculations of deformable gratings commonly used in many optical-based displacement sensing devices. The accuracy and efficiency of the extended RCWA are verified by a number of grating models.

A low-temperature operated synthesis of TiC-modified carbon nanotubes with enhanced thermal stability and electrochemical properties.

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with superior thermal and electrochemical properties are desirable for a large variety of applications. Herein, an synthesis carried out at 1050 °C is proposed for the realization of titanium carbide (TiC) modified CNTs (TiC@CNTs) a carbothermal treatment of the TiO-coated CNTs deposited by a TALD technology, preserving the structural morphologies of CNT samples. Crystalline and amorphous TiC layers/nanoparticles are observed around the walls of CNTs, serving as a thermal insulation layer to enhance the thermal stability of CNTs.

On-chip integration of bulk micromachined three-dimensional Si/C/CNT@TiC micro-supercapacitors for alternating current line filtering.

Three-dimensional (3D) micro-supercapacitors (MSCs) with superior performances are desirable for miniaturized electronic devices. 3D interdigitated MSCs fabricated by bulk micromachining technologies have been demonstrated for silicon wafers. However, rational design and fabrication technologies of 3D architectures still need to be optimized within a limited footprint area to improve the electrochemical performances of MSCs.

Low Temperature Hydrophilic SiC Wafer Level Direct Bonding for Ultrahigh-Voltage Device Applications.

SiC direct bonding using O plasma activation is investigated in this work. SiC substrate and n SiC epitaxy growth layer are activated with an optimized duration of 60s and power of the oxygen ion beam source at 20 W. After O plasma activation, both the SiC substrate and SiC epitaxy growth layer present a sufficient hydrophilic surface for bonding.

Silicon-Based 3D All-Solid-State Micro-Supercapacitor with Superior Performance.

The large-scale fabrication of high-performance on-chip micro-supercapacitors (MSCs) is the footstone for the development of next-generation miniaturized electronic devices. In practical applications, however, MSCs may suffer from a low areal energy density as well as a complicated fabrication strategy that is incompatible with semiconductor processing technology. Herein, we propose a scalable fabrication strategy for the realization of a silicon-based three-dimensional (3D) all-solid-state MSC via the combination of semiconductor-based electrode processing, chemical vapor deposition, and hydrothermal growth.

Temperature Gradient Method for Alleviating Bonding-Induced Warpage in a High-Precision Capacitive MEMS Accelerometer.

Capacitive MEMS accelerometers with area-variable periodic-electrode displacementtransducers found wide applications in disaster monitoring, resource exploration and inertialnavigation. The bonding-induced warpage, due to the difference in the coefficients of thermalexpansion of the bonded slices, has a negative influence on the precise control of the interelectrodespacing that is essential to the sensitivity of accelerometers. In this work, we propose the theory,simulation and experiment of a method that can alleviate both the stress and the warpage byapplying different bonding temperature on the bonded slices.

Flexible Ultra-Wideband Terahertz Absorber Based on Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanotubes.

Ultra-wideband absorbers have been extensively used in wireless communications, energy harvesting, and stealth applications. Herein, with the combination of experimental and theoretical analyses, we develop a flexible ultra-wideband terahertz absorber based on vertically aligned carbon nanotubes (VACNTs). Measured results show that the proposed absorber is able to work efficiently within the entire THz region (e.

Functionalization of Metal Electrodes for Advanced Asymmetric Supercapacitors.

Nanostructured metal-based compound electrodes with excellent electrochemical activity and electrical conductivity are promising for high-performance energy storage applications. In this paper, we report an asymmetric supercapacitor based on Ti and Cu coated vertical-aligned carbon nanotube electrodes on carbon cloth. The active material is achieved by functionalization using a high-temperature annealing process.

An Ultra-Wideband THz/IR Metamaterial Absorber Based on Doped Silicon.

Metamaterial-based absorbers have been extensively investigated in the terahertz (THz) range with ever increasing performances. In this paper, we propose an all-dielectric THz absorber based on doped silicon. The unit cell consists of a silicon cross resonator with an internal cross-shaped air cavity.

Scale Factor Calibration for a Rotating Accelerometer Gravity Gradiometer.

Rotating Accelerometer Gravity Gradiometers (RAGGs) play a significant role in applications such as resource exploration and gravity aided navigation. Scale factor calibration is an essential procedure for RAGG instruments before being used. In this paper, we propose a calibration system for a gravity gradiometer to obtain the scale factor effectively, even when there are mass disturbance surroundings.

Secure thermal infrared communications using engineered blackbody radiation.

The thermal (emitted) infrared frequency bands, from 20-40 THz and 60-100 THz, are best known for applications in thermography. This underused and unregulated part of the spectral range offers opportunities for the development of secure communications. The 'THz Torch' concept was recently presented by the authors.