Analysis of the effects of light and panicle fertilizer on rice eating quality based on morphological structural changes in starch and protein during cooking.

Light and panicle fertilizer are crucial environmental factors that influence rice eating quality. Currently, there is a lack of systematic research on how light and panicle fertilizer alter the morphological structures of starch and protein during cooking, subsequently affecting rice taste. To address this gap, field experiments were conducted under varying conditions of light (100 % light, L1; 50 % light, L2) and panicle fertilizer (no panicle fertilizer, N1; 81 kg/ha of panicle fertilizer, N2), followed by cooking after harvest.

Differences in carbon and nitrogen metabolism of soft japonica rice in southern China during grain filling stage under different light and nitrogen fertilizer conditions and their relationship with rice eating quality.

Light and nitrogen are crucial environmental factors that significantly impact rice growth and quality formation. Currently, there is a lack of systematic research on how light and nitrogen affect carbon and nitrogen metabolism during grain filling, subsequently affecting the eating quality of rice. To address this gap, field experiments were conducted under varying light intensities and nitrogen fertilizer levels to investigate the changes in carbon and nitrogen metabolism during grain filling, the eating quality of rice at maturity, and the relationship between them.

Differences in starch and protein composition, morphological and structure, and their impacts on eating quality of soft japonica rice under different light and nitrogen fertilizer conditions in southern China.

This study explores the differences in starch and protein composition, morphological and structure, and their impacts on soft japonica rice eating quality under different light and nitrogen fertilizer conditions. Results showed that decreased light and applied panicle fertilize resulted in a decreased in total starch, accompanied by an increased in long-chain amylopectin, protein, particularly glutelin, and β-sheet, with these effects being more pronounced when panicle fertilizer was applied under 50 % light. RVA, LF-NMR and Rheometer date showed that aforementioned changes in starch and protein were detrimental to water migration and starch gelatinization during rice cooking, resulting in a high-strength rice gel network.

Coordination of Carbon and Nitrogen Metabolism Through Well-Timed Mid-Stage Nitrogen Compensation in Japonica Super Rice.

The carbon and nitrogen (N) metabolism of rice under different mid-stage N compensation timings is unclear. Two Japonica super rice cultivars were examined under four N compensation timings (N1-N3: N compensation at mid-tillering, panicle initiation, and spikelet differentiation. N0: no N compensation) and CK with no N application.

Starch-related structural basis and enzymatic mechanism of the different appearances of soft rice.

To investigate the fine starch structure characteristics and formation mechanism of high-quality appearance soft rice, two high-quality and low-quality soft rice varieties (HA-SR and LA-SR, respectively) were selected. Differences in appearance quality, fine starch structure, and activity of key enzymes involved in starch synthesis during the grain-filling stage were compared. The results showed that compared with LA-SR, HA-SR were less chalky, more transparent, had larger starch grains, a lower content of shorter chains (DP 6-24), a higher content of longer chains (DP ≥ 25), lower relative crystallinity, fewer ordered structures, more amorphous structures and larger thicknesses of semi-crystalline lamellae.