RNF13 protects neurons against ischemia-reperfusion injury via stabilizing p62-mediated Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway.

Background: Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (CIRI), a common, universal clinical problem that costs a large proportion of the economic and disease burden. Identifying the key regulators of cerebral I/R injury could provide potential strategies for clinically improving the prognosis of stroke. Ring finger protein 13 (RNF13) has been proven to be involved in the inflammatory response.

RBBP6-Mediated ERRα Degradation Contributes to Mitochondrial Injury in Renal Tubular Cells in Diabetic Kidney Disease.

Diabetic Kidney Disease (DKD), a major precursor to end-stage renal disease, involves mitochondrial dysfunction in proximal renal tubular cells (PTCs), contributing to its pathogenesis. Estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα) is essential for mitochondrial integrity in PTCs, yet its regulation in DKD is poorly understood. This study investigates ERRα expression and its regulatory mechanisms in DKD, assessing its therapeutic potential.

Endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal approach improves endocrine function and surgical outcome in primary craniopharyngioma resection: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Craniopharyngiomas (CPs) are generally derived from the craniopharyngeal duct epithelium, accounting for 38% and 24.5% of mortality in pediatric and adult patients, respectively. At present, the widespread application of the endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal approach (EEA) has led to controversy between the traditional microscopic transcranial approach (TCA) and EEA in relation to the surgical management of CPs.

Surgical management of tuberculum sellae meningioma: Transcranial approach or endoscopic endonasal approach?

Background: Tuberculum sellae meningioma (TSM), a common benign tumor in the sellae region, usually causes neurological deficits, such as vision impairment, by squeezing the peripheral neurovascular structures. Surgical management is recommended as the optimal strategy for TSM treatment and vision restoration. However, it remains challenging to resect TSM in the traditional transcranial approach (TCA).

Primary Brainstem Lymphoma: A Population-Based Study.

Background: Primary brainstem lymphoma (PBSL) is rare and malignant. An understanding of this disease is lacking. We aimed to characterize clinical features, estimate survival, and explore survival-related factors of PBSL.

Case Report: Extensive Temporal Bone Invasion in a Giant Vestibular Schwannoma.

Background: Rare giant vestibular schwannomas (GVSs) invade the temporal bone extensively, which carries unique risks for surgery owing to their complicated relationship with adjacent structures, difficult dissection of the temporal bone, and high risk of complications. The underlying mechanism of this invasive behavior remains unknown.

Case Description: We report on a 28-year-old woman who presented with typical hearing loss and facial paralysis (House-Brackmann II).

Clinical characteristics and outcomes of primary intracranial alveolar soft-part sarcoma: A case report.

Background: Primary intracranial alveolar soft-part sarcoma (PIASPS) is a rare malignancy. We aimed to investigate the clinical profiles and outcomes for PIASPS.

Case Summary: We firstly reported five consecutive cases from our institute.

Neural Stem Cells Overexpressing Nerve Growth Factor Improve Functional Recovery in Rats Following Spinal Cord Injury via Modulating Microenvironment and Enhancing Endogenous Neurogenesis.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating event characterized by severe motor, sensory, and autonomic dysfunction. Currently, there is no effective treatment. Previous studies showed neural growth factor (NGF) administration was a potential treatment for SCI.

Current Understanding of Hearing Loss in Sporadic Vestibular Schwannomas: A Systematic Review.

Objective: Hearing loss is the most common initial symptom in patients with sporadic vestibular schwannomas (SVS). Hearing preservation is an important goal of both conservative and surgical therapy. However, the mechanism of SVS-associated hearing loss remains unclear.

Simple Ways to Estimate Meningioma Volume: Can ABC- and SH-Derived Methods Be Used in Clinical Practice Reliably?

Background: There is a clinical demand for rapid estimation of meningioma volumes. Our objective was to assess the accuracy of three ABC-derived and three SH-derived formula methods on volume estimation of meningiomas.

Methods: The study group comprised 678 patients treated at our department for histopathologically proven intracranial meningiomas.

Chaperonin-containing tailless complex polypeptide 1 subunit 6A correlates with increased World Health Organization grade, less isocitrate dehydrogenase mutation, and deteriorative survival of astrocytoma patients.

Objective: Chaperonin-containing tailless complex polypeptide 1 subunit 6A (CCT6A) is reported to be an efficient prognostic biomarker in various cancers, but it is rarely reported in astrocytoma. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the expression of CCT6A and its correlation with disease features and prognosis in astrocytoma patients.

Methods: Totally, 198 astrocytoma patients who received surgery treatment were enrolled.

UCHL1 regulates inflammation via MAPK and NF-κB pathways in LPS-activated macrophages.

Inflammation is a common pathophysiological process as well as a clinical threat that occurs in various diseases worldwide. It is well-documented that nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways are involved in inflammatory reactions to microbial infections in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated macrophages. The deubiquitinase ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase-L1 (UCHL1) has been reported as an oncoprotein to promote the growth and progression of cancer cells.

Remodelling and Treatment of the Blood-Brain Barrier in Glioma.

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is an essential structure of the central nervous system (CNS), and its existence makes the local internal environment of the CNS a relatively independent structure distinct from other internal environments of the human body to ensure normal physiological and high stability of activities of the CNS. Changes in BBB structure and function are fundamental to the pathophysiology of many diseases. The occurrence and development of glioma are often accompanied by a series of changes in the structure and function of the internal environment, the most significant of which is remodelling of the BBB.

Reconstruction of Craniectomy for Microvascular Decompression with Autologous Particulate Bone.

Background And Study Objective:  Cranioplasty after microvascular decompression (MVD) is important for preventing postoperative complications such as headache. Autologous particulate bone is a common material for cranioplasty. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of using autologous particulate bone to reconstruct the cranial defect produced by MVD.

Saponin Inhibits Activation of Platelet via the CD40 Signaling Pathway.

saponin is a traditional Chinese medicine that exhibits anti-atherosclerosis effects. However, the mechanism of its action has not been fully clarified. Platelet activation induced by CD40L plays an important role in the process of atherosis.

Ubiquitin-specific protease 2 regulates Ang Ⅱ-induced cardiac fibroblasts activation by up-regulating cyclin D1 and stabilizing β-catenin in vitro.

Cardiac fibrosis, featuring abnormally elevated extracellular matrix accumulation, decreases tissue compliance, impairs cardiac function and accelerates heart failure. Mounting evidence suggests that the ubiquitin proteasome pathway is involved in cardiac fibrosis. In the present study, ubiquitin-specific protease 2 (USP2) was identified as a novel therapeutic target in cardiac fibrosis.

Efficacy of unilateral hemilaminectomy for intraspinal tumor resection: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: To evaluate, via a meta-analysis, the clinical effect of unilateral hemilaminectomy for intraspinal tumor removal.

Methods: PubMed, Springer, Wanfang Data, CBM, CNKI, and other databases were searched for relevant randomized controlled trials (RCT), in Chinese and other languages, that involved comparisons of unilateral hemilaminectomy with other techniques for intraspinal tumor removal.

Results: Thirteen RCTs were finally included, with a total of 1,424 patients.

Expression of microRNA-210 and the prognosis in glioma patients: a meta-analysis.

To evaluate the predictive power of tumor microRNA-210 (miR-210) on overall survival (OS) in glioma patients. Studies were identified through searching PubMed, Embase and China National Knowledge Internet electronic databases. Meta-analyses were performed with a random- or fixed-effect model according to the heterogeneity.

Using arterial-venous analysis to characterize cancer metabolic consumption in patients.

Understanding tumor metabolism holds the promise of new insights into cancer biology, diagnosis and treatment. To assess human cancer metabolism, here we report a method to collect intra-operative samples of blood from an artery directly upstream and a vein directly downstream of a brain tumor, as well as samples from dorsal pedal veins of the same patients. After performing targeted metabolomic analysis, we characterize the metabolites consumed and produced by gliomas in vivo by comparing the arterial supply and venous drainage.

Inhibition of USP14 suppresses the formation of foam cell by promoting CD36 degradation.

Atherosclerosis is regarded as a chronic progressive inflammatory disease and is a basic pathophysiological process in coronary artery disease which is life threatening in clinic. The formation of foam cell plays a key role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. OxLDL is a significant factor in progression of coronary artery disease.

Exosomes derived from pro-inflammatory bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells reduce inflammation and myocardial injury via mediating macrophage polarization.

Exosomes are served as substitutes for stem cell therapy, playing important roles in mediating heart repair during myocardial infarction injury. Evidence have indicated that lipopolysaccharide (LPS) pre-conditioning bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and their secreted exosomes promote macrophage polarization and tissue repair in several inflammation diseases; however, it has not been fully elucidated in myocardial infarction (MI). This study aimed to investigate whether LPS-primed BMSC-derived exosomes could mediate inflammation and myocardial injury via macrophage polarization after MI.

An unusual case report of multiple pulmonary leiomyomatous hamartoma.

Rationale: Multiple pulmonary leiomyomatous hamartoma (MPLH) is an extremely rare benign disease that mostly occurs in women of reproductive age.

Patient Concerns: A 32-year-old female patient recently diagnosed with multiple bilateral pulmonary nodules. She has the symptoms of dry cough, chest tightness, dyspnea on exertion.

Synergistic effects of gefitinib and thalidomide treatment on EGFR-TKI-sensitive and -resistant NSCLC.

EGF receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) have been widely used as a standard therapy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with EGFR mutations. However, most if not all of the patients who initially have responded to EGFR-TKIs later experience progression or deterioration of the disease while still on the treatment. Drug resistance becomes inevitable due to the emergence of the second-site EGFR T790M mutation within exon 20, MET and HER2 amplification, small cell histologic transformation and rare secondary BRAF mutations.