Homocysteine S-Methyltransferase 3 Positively Regulates Cadmium Tolerance in Maize.

The increasing contamination of agricultural soils with cadmium (Cd) poses a significant threat to human health and global food security. Plants initiate a series of mechanisms to reduce Cd toxicity. However, the response of maize to Cd toxicity remains poorly understood.

Correction: Ahmed et al. The Barley Gene Positively Regulates the Tolerance to Combined Drought and Salinity Stress in Tibetan Wild Barley. 2020, , 1530.

In the original publication [...

Xyloglucan endotransglucosylase-hydrolase 1 is a negative regulator of drought tolerance in barley via modulating lignin biosynthesis and stomatal closure.

The projected increase in drought severity and duration worldwide poses a significant threat to crop growth and sustainable food production. Xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolases (XTHs) family is essential in cell wall modification through the construction and restructuring of xyloglucan cross-links, but their role in drought tolerance and stomatal regulation is still illusive. We cloned and functionally characterized HvXTH1 using genetic, physiological, biochemical, transcriptomic and metabolomic approaches in barley.

Genotypic variation in grain cadmium concentration in wheat: Insights into soil pollution, agronomic characteristics, and rhizosphere microbial communities.

Soil cadmium (Cd) pollution poses a serious threat to both the productivity and quality of wheat. This study aimed to investigate the genotypic variation in grain Cd concentration in wheat through field and pot experiments. Among 273 wheat genotypes, a significant genotypic difference was found in grain Cd concentration, ranging from 0.

Mapping QTL for Mineral Accumulation and Shoot Dry Biomass in Barley under Different Levels of Zinc Supply.

Zinc (Zn) deficiency is a common limiting factor in agricultural soils, which leads to significant reduction in both the yield and nutritional quality of agricultural produce. Exploring the quantitative trait loci (QTL) for shoot and grain Zn accumulation would help to develop new barley cultivars with greater Zn accumulation efficiency. In this study, two glasshouse experiments were conducted by growing plants under adequate and low Zn supply.

Identification and characterization of long noncoding RNAs in two contrasting olive (Olea europaea L.) genotypes subjected to aluminum toxicity.

Aluminum (Al) toxcity is considered to be the primary factor limiting crop productivity in acidic soil. Many studies indicate that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) fulfil a crucial role in plant growth and responses to different abiotic stress. However, identification and characterization of lncRNAs responsive to Al stress at a genome-wide level in olive tree is still lacking.

miRNA transcriptome reveals key miRNAs and their targets contributing to the difference in Cd tolerance of two contrasting maize genotypes.

Soil cadmium (Cd) contamination is a global environmental and food safety production issue. microRNAs (miRNAs) are proven to be involved in plant growth and development, and abiotic/biotic stress response, but their role in Cd tolerance is largely unknown in maize. To understand the genetic basis of Cd tolerance, two maize genotypes differing in Cd tolerance (L42, a sensitive genotype and L63, a tolerant genotype) were selected, and miRNA sequencing was carried out at nine-day-old seedlings exposed to 24 h Cd stress (5 μM CdCl).

Comparative Transcriptome Profiling Reveals Key MicroRNAs and Regulatory Mechanisms for Aluminum Tolerance in Olive.

Aluminum toxicity (Al) is one of the major constraints to crop production in acidic soils. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as key regulatory molecules at post-transcriptional levels, playing crucial roles in modulating various stress responses in plants. However, miRNAs and their target genes conferring Al tolerance are poorly studied in olive ( L.

Genome-wide association studies and transcriptome sequencing analysis reveal novel genes associated with Al tolerance in wheat.

Aluminum (Al) toxicity is a major threat to the productivity and quality of wheat on acid soil. Identifying novel Al tolerance genes is crucial for breeders to pyramid different tolerance mechanisms thus leading to greater Al tolerance. We aim to identify novel quantitative trait loci (QTL) and key candidate genes associated with Al tolerance in wheat.

Integration of Transcriptome and Metabolome Analyses Reveals the Mechanistic Basis for Cadmium Accumulation in Maize.

Cadmium (Cd) pollution in soil has become a major environmental issue worldwide. However, the underlying molecular mechanism of low grain-Cd accumulation (GCA) in maize is still largely unknown. Herein, we report the mechanistic basis for low GCA in maize by a multiomics approach.

Genome-wide association study reveals a genomic region on 5AL for salinity tolerance in wheat.

Soil salinity is a major threat to crop productivity and quality worldwide. In order to reduce the negative effects of salinity stress, it is important to understand the genetic basis of salinity tolerance. Identifying new salinity tolerance QTL or genes is crucial for breeders to pyramid different tolerance mechanisms to improve crop adaptability to salinity.

Metabolome Analysis Revealed the Mechanism of Exogenous Glutathione to Alleviate Cadmium Stress in Maize ( L.) Seedlings.

Cadmium (Cd) is one of the major heavy metal pollutants in the environment and imposes severe limitations on crop growth and production. Glutathione (GSH) plays an important role in plant Cd tolerance which is able to scavenge stresses-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and is involved in the biosynthesis of phytochelatins (PCs). Our previous study revealed that Cd stress affects maize growth, and the GSH treatment could relieve Cd stress in maize seedlings.

Overexpression of HvAKT1 improves drought tolerance in barley by regulating root ion homeostasis and ROS and NO signaling.

Potassium (K+) is the major cationic inorganic nutrient utilized for osmotic regulation, cell growth, and enzyme activation in plants. Inwardly rectifying K+ channel 1 (AKT1) is the primary channel for root K+ uptake in plants, but the function of HvAKT1 in barley plants under drought stress has not been fully elucidated. In this study, we conducted evolutionary bioinformatics, biotechnological, electrophysiological, and biochemical assays to explore molecular mechanisms of HvAKT1 in response to drought in barley.

An ATP binding cassette transporter HvABCB25 confers aluminum detoxification in wild barley.

Aluminum (Al) stress in acid soils is one of the major factors limiting crop productivity. ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporters have numerous roles in plants, but the link between ABCB protein subfamily and plant Al tolerance is still elusive. Here, we identified and characterized a novel tonoplast HvABCB25 in barley root cells.

The Barley Gene Positively Regulates the Tolerance to Combined Drought and Salinity Stress in Tibetan Wild Barley.

Drought and salinity are two of the most frequently co-occurring abiotic stresses. Despite recent advances in the elucidation of the effects of these stresses individually during the vegetative stage of plants, significant gaps exist in our understanding of the combined effects of these two frequently co-occurring stresses. Here, Tibetan wild barley XZ5 (drought tolerant), XZ16 (salt tolerant), and cultivated barley .

Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of Drought Stress Responsive microRNAs in Tibetan Wild Barley.

Drought stress is a major obstacle to agricultural production. Tibetan wild barley with rich genetic diversity is useful for drought-tolerant improvement of cereals. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play critical roles in controlling gene expression in response to various environment perturbations in plants.

Resemblance and Difference of Seedling Metabolic and Transporter Gene Expression in High Tolerance Wheat and Barley Cultivars in Response to Salinity Stress.

To elucidate inter-specific similarity and difference of tolerance mechanism against salinity stress between wheat and barley, high tolerant wheat cv. Suntop and sensitive cv. Sunmate and tolerant barley cv.

Silicon regulates the expression of vacuolar H-pyrophosphatase 1 and decreases cadmium accumulation in rice (Oryza sativa L.).

Deciphering the mechanism of Cd accumulation in crops is imperative for minimizing soil-to-plant transfer of Cd to improve safe food production. Hydroponic experiments were performed examining Cd accumulation, growth performance and protein characteristics of two rice genotypes, Xiushui817 and Zheda821, with low and high grain Cd accumulation, respectively, under Cd stress and in the presence of Si. Xiushui817 had lower root-to-shoot Cd translocation and was more sensitive to Cd stress than Zheda821.

Encodes a P-Type ATPase, a Novel Gene for Cadmium Accumulation and Tolerance in Barley ( L.).

The identification of gene(s) that are involved in Cd accumulation/tolerance is vital in developing crop cultivars with low Cd accumulation. We developed a doubled haploid (DH) population that was derived from a cross of Suyinmai 2 (Cd-sensitive) × Weisuobuzhi (Cd-tolerant) to conduct quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping studies. We assessed chlorophyll content, traits that are associated with development, metal concentration, and antioxidative enzyme activity in DH population lines and parents under control and Cd stress conditions.

Response of Tibetan Wild Barley Genotypes to Drought Stress and Identification of Quantitative Trait Loci by Genome-Wide Association Analysis.

Tibetan wild barley has been identified to show large genetic variation and stress tolerance. A genome-wide association (GWA) analysis was performed to detect quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for drought tolerance using 777 Diversity Array Technology (DArT) markers and morphological and physiological traits of 166 Tibetan wild barley accessions in both hydroponic and pot experiments. Large genotypic variation for these traits was found; and population structure and kinship analysis identified three subpopulations among these barley genotypes.

Tolerance to Drought, Low pH and Al Combined Stress in Tibetan Wild Barley Is Associated with Improvement of ATPase and Modulation of Antioxidant Defense System.

Aluminum (Al) toxicity and drought are two major constraints on plant growth in acidic soils, negatively affecting crop performance and yield. Genotypic differences in the effects of Al/low pH and polyethyleneglycol (PEG) induced drought stress, applied either individually or in combination, were studied in Tibetan wild (XZ5, drought-tolerant; XZ29, Al-tolerant) and cultivated barley (Al-tolerant Dayton; drought-tolerant Tadmor). Tibetan wild barley XZ5 and XZ29 had significantly higher H⁺-ATPase, CaMg-ATPase, and Na⁺K⁺-ATPase activities at pH 4.

Comparative physiological analysis in the tolerance to salinity and drought individual and combination in two cotton genotypes with contrasting salt tolerance.

Soil salinity and drought are the two most common and frequently co-occurring abiotic stresses limiting cotton growth and productivity. However, physiological mechanisms of tolerance to such condition remain elusive. Greenhouse pot experiments were performed to study genotypic differences in response to single drought (4% soil moisture; D) and salinity (200 mM NaCl; S) stress and combined stresses (D + S) using two cotton genotypes Zhongmian 23 (salt-tolerant) and Zhongmian 41 (salt-sensitive).