Structural basis of adenine nucleotides regulation and neurodegenerative pathology in ClC-3 exchanger.

The ClC-3 chloride/proton exchanger is both physiologically and pathologically critical, as it is potentiated by ATP to detect metabolic energy level and point mutations in ClC-3 lead to severe neurodegenerative diseases in human. However, why this exchanger is differentially modulated by ATP, ADP or AMP and how mutations caused gain-of-function remains largely unknow. Here we determine the high-resolution structures of dimeric wildtype ClC-3 in the apo state and in complex with ATP, ADP and AMP, and the disease-causing I607T mutant in the apo and ATP-bounded state by cryo-electron microscopy.

Identification of cortical arteries and veins in awake mice using two-photon microscopy.

Distinguishing arteries from veins in the cerebral cortex is critical for studying hemodynamics under pathophysiological conditions, which plays an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of various vessel-related diseases. However, due to the complexity of the cerebral vascular network, it is challenging to identify arteries and veins in vivo. Here, we demonstrate an artery-vein separation method that employs a combination of multiple scanning modes of two-photon microscopy and a custom-designed stereoscopic fixation device for mice.

Advances in solar-driven, electro/photoelectrochemical, and microwave-assisted upcycling of waste polyesters.

Plastic waste in the environment causes significant environmental pollution. The potential of using chemical methods for upcycling plastic waste offers a dual solution to ensure resource sustainability and environmental restoration. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the latest technologies driven by solar-driven, electro/photoelectrochemical-catalytic, and microwave-assisted methods for the conversion of plastics into various valuable chemicals.

B cell subsets-related biomarkers and molecular pathways for systemic lupus erythematosus by transcriptomics analyses.

Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), an autoimmune disease, is characterised by B-cell abnormalities and a loss of tolerance that can produce autoantibody. However, the imperative genes and molecular pathways involved in the change of B cell populations remain unclear.

Methods: The expression of B cell subsets between SLE and healthy controls (HCs) was detected based on micro-array transcriptome data.

A Clinical Extensively-Drug Resistant (XDR) and Role of Its β-Lactamase Genes.

An extensively-drug resistant (XDR) W60 was isolated from the urine sample of a patient. The genetic basis for its XDR phenotype was investigated, particularly the basis for its resistance toward β-lactam/BLI (β-Lactamase Inhibitor) combinations. Following determination of the XDR phenotype, third generation genomic sequencing was performed to identify genetic structures in W60.