Tauroursodeoxycholic acid targets HSP90 to promote protein homeostasis and extends healthy lifespan.

As the elderly population expands, the pursuit of therapeutics to reduce morbidity and extend lifespan has become increasingly crucial. As an FDA-approved drug for chronic cholestatic liver diseases, tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), a natural bile acid, offers additional health benefits beyond liver protection. Here, we show that TUDCA extends the lifespan and healthspan of C.

The extracellular domain of Staphylococcus aureus LtaS binds insulin and induces insulin resistance during infection.

Insulin resistance is a risk factor for obesity and diabetes and predisposes individuals to Staphylococcus aureus colonization; however, the contribution of S. aureus to insulin resistance remains unclear. Here, we show that S.

Whole-cell matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry for rapid identification of bacteria cultured in liquid media.

Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) has been used for many years to rapidly identify whole bacteria. However, no consistent methodology exists for the rapid identification of bacteria cultured in liquid media. Thus, in this study we explored the use of MALDI-TOF MS analysis for rapid identification of cells cultured in liquid media.

A novel scoring system for prognostic prediction in d-galactosamine/lipopolysaccharide-induced fulminant hepatic failure BALB/c mice.

Background: It is frequently important to identify the prognosis of fulminant hepatic failure (FHF) patients as this will influence patient management and candidacy for liver transplantation. Therefore, a novel scoring system based on metabonomics combining with multivariate logistic regression was developed to predict the prognosis of FHF mouse model.

Methods: BALB/c mice were used to construct FHF model.

Quantitative determination of quinocetone and its metabolites in chicken plasma by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry.

A new method has been established for the simultaneous determination of the new veterinary drug quinocetone (3-methyl-2-cinnamoyl-N-1,4-dioxyquioxaline; QTN) and its 2 metabolites de-monoxy-quinocetone (3-methyl-2-cinnamoyl-N-1-monoxyquinoxaline; DMO-QTN) and de-dioxy-quinocetone (3-methyl-2-cinnamoyl-N-quinoxaline; DDI-QTN) in chicken plasma by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS). The detection was performed using electrospray ionization in multiple reaction monitoring mode. The analysis of the linearity, accuracy, and precision of the method is described.

Three new steroidal saponins from the rhizome of Paris polyphylla.

A mixture of a pair of stereoisomeric new spirostanol saponins (1a and 1b) and a new cholestane saponin (2) were isolated from the rhizome of Paris pollyphylla Smith var. yunnanensis. Their structures were elucidated as (25R)-spirost-5-en-3beta, 7beta-diol-3-O-alpha-L-arabinofuranosyl-(1 --> 4)-[alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 --> 2)]-beta-D-glucopyranoside (1a), (25R)-spirost-5-en-3beta, 7alpha-diol-3-O-alpha-L-arabinofuranosyl-(1 --> 4)-[alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 --> 2)]-beta-D-glucopyranoside (1b) and 26-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(25R)-Delta(5(6), 17(20))-dien-16, 22-dione-cholestan-3beta, 26-diol-3-O-alpha-L-arabinofuranosyl-(1 --> 4)-[alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 --> 2)]-beta-D-glucopyranoside (2) by a combination of HR-ESI-MS, FAB-MS, 1D and 2D NMR techniques (including (1)H-NMR, (13)C-NMR, (1)H--(1)H COSY, HSQC, HMBC and NOESY).

Furostanol saponins from the fresh rhizomes of Polygonatum kingianum.

Ten furostanol saponins were isolated as five pairs of 25R and 25S epimers from the fresh rhizomes of Polygonatum kingianum. Seven of them were identified as new compounds, (25S)-kingianoside D (2), (25S)-kingiano-side C (4), (25R,22)-hydroxylwattinoside C (5), kingianoside E (7), (25S)-kingianoside E (8), kingianoside F (9) and (25S)-kingianoside F (10), together with three known saponins, kingianoside C (1), kingianoside D (3), and 22-hydroxylwattinoside C (6). The structures of the new saponins were determinded by detailed analysis of their 1D and 2D NMR spectra, and by comparison of the spectral data with those reported.

[Effects of electromagnetic pulse on contents of amino acids in hippocampus of rats].

Objective: To investigate the relationship between the changes of amino acids contents in hippocampus of rats and electromagnetic pulse (EMP) exposure.

Methods: Rats were decapitated and hippocampus were removed after EMP (6 x 10(4) V/m, rise time 20 ns, pulse width 30 micro s, 5 pulses in 2 minutes) irradiation, and contents of amino acids were detected with high performance liquid chromatograpy (HPLC).

Results: The contents of aspartic acid (Asp) and glutamic acid (Glu) increased significantly 0, 3, 6 h after irradiation.