Systemic lupus erythematosus and antiphospholipid syndrome related retinal vasculitis mimicking ocular cysticercosis: a case report.

Making accurate and timely diagnosis is often challenging when patients with a systemic disease first present with ocular manifestations. The possibility that vasculitis associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) can be misdiagnosed as cysticercosis has not been discussed in the literatures.

[Factors associated with visual prognosis of acute retinal necrosis syndrome].

Objective: To investigate relevant factors affecting the prognosis of acute retinal necrosis syndrome (ARN).

Methods: Case-series study. The clinical data of 41 patients (53 eyes) with ARN were retrospectively analyzed.

[Changes of photoreceptor layer on spectral domain optical coherence tomography in idiopathic macular hole after vitreous surgery combined with air tamponade].

Objective: To evaluate the tamponade effect of sterilized air in vitrectomy for idiopathic macular hole (IMH) as well as changes of photoreceptor layer after surgery.

Methods: Forty-five eyes of 45 consecutive cases underwent vitrectomy and air tamponade. Surgical outcomes were retrospectively analyzed, consisting of logarithm of the minimal angle of resolution (logMAR) and SD-OCT findings including the size of IMH and the photoreceptor layer defect.

[Progress in the studies of molecular genetics in Bietti crystalline corneoretinal dystrophy].

CYP4V2, a relatively new member of human cytochrome P450 (P450) enzymes, is termed an "orphan" P450 because its substrate specificity and physiological roles are unknown. Mutations in the CYP4V2 gene is associated with an autosomal recessive inherited ocular disease named Bietti's crystalline dystrophy (BCD). The strong gene-disease associations provide unique opportunities for elucidating the substrate specificity of this orphan P450s and unraveling the biochemical pathways that may be impacted in patients with CYP4V2 functional deficits.

[Analysis of fundus fluorescein angiography, indocyanine green angiography and choroidal thickness in central serous chorioretinopathy].

Objective: To evaluate the characteristics of choroidal thickness changes and abnormalities in choroidal circulation in cases of central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC).

Methods: This was a case control study, we measured the bilateral choroidal thickness in 21 patients with unilateral CSC and 24 eyes of 24 age- and sex-matched normal subjects using enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT). The choroid was measured from the posterior edge of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) to the choroid-scleral junction at 500 µm intervals of a horizontal section from 3 mm temporal to the fovea to 3 mm nasal to the fovea.

[Choroidal thickness in normal subjects measured by enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography].

Objective: To evaluate the efficiency of enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT) on quantifying choroidal thickness (CT) in normal subjects.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. From June to November 2011, 129 eyes of 129 normal subjects were enrolled in this study and divided into three groups by age distribution.

[Promoting effects of CYR61 on proliferation, migration and tube formation of choroid-retinal endothelial cells].

Objective: To observe the effects of CYR61 (cysteine-rich 61; CCN1) on the proliferation, migration and tube formation of choroid-retinal endothelial cells (RF-6A cell line).

Methods: Experimental study. RF-6A cells were cultured and treated with CYR61 at different concentrations.

Spectral domain optical coherence tomography of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease: novel findings and new insights into the pathogenesis.

Objective: To provide novel spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD OCT) findings of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease as well as new insights into the pathogenesis of this disease.

Methods: Detailed SD OCT and fluorescein angiography (FA) findings of 18 consecutive VKH patients (11 women and 7 men) from December 2007 to April 2009 who were in acute uveitic stage at presentation were reviewed. All the patients had been followed up for at least 6 months with reevaluation(s) of SD OCT performed in 10 patients.

Sequential bilateral central retinal artery occlusion as the primary manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus.

Bilateral central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) has been rarely reported as the primary manifestation in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The severe retinal vaso-occlusive diseases usually cause devastating and permanent damage to visual function in spite of vigorous treatment. A 42-year-old Chinese woman presented with abrupt bilateral vision loss.

[Ocular features of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2b].

Objective: To analyze the ocular features of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2b (MEN 2b).

Methods: Three cases with MEN 2b were reviewed and their ocular features analyzed.

Results: All patients had medullary thyroid carcinoma and thickened corneal nerve fibers.

[The development in the studies of AAV-mediated gene therapy in retina].

Significant progress in understanding the molecular basis of retinal disorders has led to the development of gene therapies for treatment of these diseases. Adeno-associated virus (AAV) is a useful vector for the treatment of retinal diseases due to its low toxicity and immunogenicity, ability to transducer both dividing and non-dividing cells, and stable transgene expression. A variety of animal studies and clinical trials have proved the safety and effectivity of retinal AAV-mediated gene therapy.

[Correlation between retinal artery atherosclerosis and renal dysfunction in non-diabetic urban subjects aged over 40 during routine physical examinations].

Objective: To evaluate the correlation between retinal artery atherosclerosis and renal dysfunction and compare their risk factors in an urban population of Beijing.

Methods: The non-diabetic adults > 40 years old undergoing annual physical examinations during June 2010 and February 2011 at one medical center were evaluated. Pearson correlation coefficient was calculated between retinal artery atherosclerosis and renal dysfunction.

Diagnosis and treatment of uveal effusion syndrome: a case series and literature review.

Objective: To explore the diagnosis, classification, and management of uveal effusion syndrome (UES).

Methods: The clinical data of 10 patients diagnosed with UES in our hospital between 1990-2010 were extracted from hospital records and analyzed, including ophthalmologic examination, ophthalmologic ultrasonography, ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM), fundus fluorescence angiography (FFA), indocyanine green (ICG) angiography, surgical procedures, and outcomes.

Results: The fundus examination of all impacted eyes showed bullous retinal detachment shifting with head position, confirmed by ultrasonography revealing retinal and choroidal detachment.

Factors related to prognosis of refractory glaucoma with diode laser transscleral cyclophotocoagulation treatment.

Objective: To evaluate the predictive factors of refractory glaucoma treated with diode laser transscleral cyclophotocoagulation (TSCP) in a midterm observation.

Methods: Fifty-four consecutive patients (54 eyes) with refractory glaucoma were enrolled and underwent TSCP (power of 1.5-2.

[Tomographic features of polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy lesions by spectral domain optical coherence tomography].

Objective: To analyze the tomographic features of branching vascular networks and polypoidal lesions in patients with polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) by spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT).

Methods: It was a retrospective case series study. Retrospective review of 63 eyes of 54 patients with PCV identified with indocyanine green angiography (ICGA).

[Prevalence and risk factors of retinal arterial atherosclerosis in urban subjects participating in routine physical examinations].

Objective: To determine the prevalence and risk factors of atherosclerotic lesions in retinal arteries of an urban population undergoing routine physical examinations.

Methods: Demographic and clinical information of subjects participating in annual routine physical examinations at Peking Union Medical Center from January to October of 2010 were collected and summarized. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analyses were conducted to evaluate the demographic and clinical factors associated with retinal arterial atherosclerosis.

[Relationship between central visual acuity and retinal volume of macular fovea accessed by spectral domain optical coherence tomography in Stargardt disease].

Objective: To assess the relationship between central visual acuity and retinal volume of macular fovea in patients with Stargardt disease by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD OCT).

Methods: It was a retrospective case series study. Twenty eyes of 10 patients with Stargardt disease were investigated by three-dimensional spectral-domain optical coherence tomography.

[Recovery of photoreceptor inner/outer segment junction in spectral domain optical coherence tomography after surgery in idiopathic macular hole].

Objective: To evaluate the findings of spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) in patients with idiopathic macular hole (IMH).

Methods: It was a retrospective case series study. Pre- and post-operative data from patients with IMH during 14 months were analyzed retrospectively.

[Correlation between photoreceptor layer and visual acuity in eyes with persistent cystoid macular edema secondary to branch retinal vein occlusion].

Objective: To study the correlation of visual acuity and photoreceptor in eyes with persistent cystoid macular edema associated with branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO).

Methods: It was a retrospective case series study.Medical records of 41 patients (41 eyes) with persistent cystoid macular edema secondary to BRVO diagnosed in Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 2008 to January 2010 were studied retrospectively.

[Application of Octopus 101 automated perimetry with kinetic and static program in patients with the anterior ischemic optic neuropathy].

Objective: To investigate the clinical significance of the Octopus 101 kinetic and Static combined automatic perimetry in Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy (AION). To assess the merit and demerit of Octopus 101 kinetic and static combined automatic perimetry performed in AION cases.

Methods: 45 AION patients were detected with Octopus 101 with kinetic and static 30 degrees, 60 degrees scope static program from June 2006 to September 2008.

[Features of vitreomacular traction syndrome assessed with three-dimensional spectral-domain optical coherence tomography].

Objective: To describe features of vitreomacular traction syndrome (VMT) on three-dimensional (3D) spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD OCT).

Methods: Eighteen eyes of 18 patients with VMT were diagnosed by SD OCT. SD OCT images were obtained and retrospectively analyzed.

Differentiation of mesenchymal stem cell in the microenviroment of retinitis pigmentosa.

Unlabelled: CORRESPONDENCE TO: Fang-Tian Dong. Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China. d_fangtian@sina.

[Clinical characteristics of suspected combined hamartoma of the retina and retinal pigment epithelium].

Objective: To analyze the clinical presentations, and explore the diagnosis, and differential diagnosis of combined hamartomas of the retina and retinal pigment epithelium (CHRRPE).

Methods: A retrospective review of five patients with suspected CHRRPE presented to Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, from Nov 2001 to July 2008. The clinical presentations, fundus characteristics, fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA), optic coherence tomography (OCT), as well as B ultrasound scan examinations were analyzed.