Excited-State and Steric Hindrances Engineering Enable Fast Spin-Flip Narrowband Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Emitters with Enhanced Quenching Resistance.

Multi-resonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence (MR-TADF) materials have great potential for applications in ultrahigh-definition (UHD) organic light-emitting diode (OLED) displays, that benefit from their narrowband emission characteristic. However, key challenges such as aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ) effect and slow triplet-to-singlet spin-flip process, especially for blue MR-TADF materials, continue to impede their development due to planar skeletons and relatively large ΔESTs. Here, an effective strategy that incorporates multiple carbazole donors into the parent MR moieties is proposed, synergistically engineering their excited states and steric hindrances to enhance both the spin-flip process and quenching resistance.

Identification and gene mapping of a novel mutant supernumerary lodicules (snl) in rice.

In order to gain a better understanding of rice flower development, a rice flower mutant supernumerary lodicules (snl), which was identified from ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS)-treated Jinhui10 (Oryza sativa L. ssp. indica) was used in the present study.