Reducing PDK4 level constitutes a pivotal mechanism for glucocorticoids to impede osteoblastic differentiation through the enhancement of ferroptosis in mesenchymal stem cells.

Background: This study mainly explores the possible role and mechanism of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (PDK4) in the onset and development of Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP), and seeks potential targets for the treatment of GIOP.

Methods: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were treated with osteogenic induction medium. An in vitro osteogenic damage model was established by exposing MSCs to a high concentration (10 M) of dexamethasone (DEX).

DDIT3 switches osteogenic potential of BMP9 to lipogenic by attenuating Wnt/β-catenin signaling via up-regulating DKK1 in mesenchymal stem cells.

Bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP9) functions as a potent inducer of osteogenic differentiation in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), holding promise for bone tissue engineering. However, BMP9 also concurrently triggers lipogenic differentiation in MSCs, potentially compromising its osteogenic potential. In this study, we explored the role of DNA damage inducible transcript 3 (DDIT3) in regulating the balance between BMP9-induced osteogenic and lipogenic differentiation in MSCs.

Lysyl oxidase inhibits BMP9-induced osteoblastic differentiation through reducing Wnt/β-catenin via HIF-1a repression in 3T3-L1 cells.

Background: Bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP9) is a promising growth factor in bone tissue engineering, while the detailed molecular mechanism underlying BMP9-oriented osteogenesis remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the effect of lysyl oxidase (Lox) on the BMP9 osteogenic potential via in vivo and in vitro experiments, as well as the underlying mechanism.

Methods: PCR assay, western blot analysis, histochemical staining, and immunofluorescence assay were used to quantify the osteogenic markers level, as well as the possible mechanism.

MMP13 promotes the osteogenic potential of BMP9 by enhancing Wnt/β-catenin signaling via HIF-1α upregulation in mouse embryonic fibroblasts.

Bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP9) has been validated as one of the most potent osteoinduction factors, but its underlying mechanism remains unclear. As a member of the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) family, MMP13 may be involved in regulating the lineage-specific differentiation of mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs). The goal of this study was to determine whether MMP13 regulates the osteoinduction potential of BMP9 in MEFs, which are multipotent progenitor cells widely used for stem cell biology research.